{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1651537430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2015.2465182","title":"Efficient Sampling of Bacterial Signal Transduction for Detection of Pulse-Amplitude Modulated Molecular Signals","display_name":"Efficient Sampling of Bacterial Signal Transduction for Detection of Pulse-Amplitude Modulated Molecular Signals","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1651537430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2015.2465182","mag":"1651537430","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26372649"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2015.2465182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2015.2465182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071881627","display_name":"A. Ozan Bicen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ozan Bicen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory (BWN-Lab), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory (BWN-Lab), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory (BWN-Lab), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory (BWN-Lab), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108682411","display_name":"Caitlin M. Austin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167161","display_name":"Axion Biosystems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05w8qnb04","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167161"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caitlin M. Austin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Precision Biosystems Laboratory, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","Precision Biosystems Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Precision Biosystems Laboratory, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444","https://openalex.org/I4210167161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Precision Biosystems Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044396726","display_name":"Ian F. Akyildiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-3529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian F. Akyildiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory (BWN-Lab), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory (BWN-Lab), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory (BWN-Lab), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory (BWN-Lab), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001682167","display_name":"Craig R. Forest","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5343-1769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167161","display_name":"Axion Biosystems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05w8qnb04","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167161"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig R. Forest","raw_affiliation_strings":["Precision Biosystems Laboratory, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","Precision Biosystems Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Precision Biosystems Laboratory, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444","https://openalex.org/I4210167161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Precision Biosystems Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0188,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85112731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"505","last_page":"517"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10621","display_name":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.968999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.704033374786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.6618133783340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5932512283325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.5625367760658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.43670016527175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.42839524149894714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.39776501059532166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35046154260635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33227699995040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biophysics","display_name":"Biophysics","score":0.33066028356552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3168453276157379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.22121000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1894775629043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1826092004776001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1433151662349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10146862268447876}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.704033374786377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.6618133783340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5932512283325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.5625367760658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.43670016527175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.42839524149894714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.39776501059532166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35046154260635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33227699995040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.33066028356552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3168453276157379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.22121000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1894775629043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1826092004776001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1433151662349701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10146862268447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2015.2465182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2015.2465182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26372649","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26372649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8025922644","display_name":"NetSE:Large: MONACO: Fundamentals of Molecular Nano-Communication Networks","funder_award_id":"1110947","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309321","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35463602","https://openalex.org/W1500551892","https://openalex.org/W1536252645","https://openalex.org/W1599969036","https://openalex.org/W1636757918","https://openalex.org/W1974028960","https://openalex.org/W1978319180","https://openalex.org/W1984920148","https://openalex.org/W1990856168","https://openalex.org/W1998845308","https://openalex.org/W2001493775","https://openalex.org/W2002581150","https://openalex.org/W2004388769","https://openalex.org/W2005822392","https://openalex.org/W2009470125","https://openalex.org/W2023645154","https://openalex.org/W2031542240","https://openalex.org/W2037768790","https://openalex.org/W2044692345","https://openalex.org/W2059089080","https://openalex.org/W2091198609","https://openalex.org/W2110553053","https://openalex.org/W2114228460","https://openalex.org/W2116194016","https://openalex.org/W2125210796","https://openalex.org/W2128281465","https://openalex.org/W2131717655","https://openalex.org/W2139762024","https://openalex.org/W2149981735","https://openalex.org/W2157145673","https://openalex.org/W2163543182","https://openalex.org/W2168206388","https://openalex.org/W2168998384","https://openalex.org/W2171125625","https://openalex.org/W2171280873","https://openalex.org/W6636920748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160293638","https://openalex.org/W2065958818","https://openalex.org/W1983290920","https://openalex.org/W2001954398","https://openalex.org/W1575077847","https://openalex.org/W1514665570","https://openalex.org/W1915053000","https://openalex.org/W3098944634","https://openalex.org/W2059291953","https://openalex.org/W259313730"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,37,58,141],"sampling":[1,126,142,168,191],"of":[2,26,30,64,67,138,157,175,192,201],"the":[3,17,45,49,74,77,80,84,88,103,111,115,118,122,139,145,155,162,172,176,180,190,193],"bacterial":[4,38,59,206],"signal":[5,60],"transduction":[6,61],"is":[7,14,32,41,62,128,148],"investigated":[8],"for":[9,34,87,102,154,171,189,208],"molecular":[10,159,203],"communication":[11],"(MC).":[12],"It":[13],"assumed":[15],"that":[16],"finite-duration":[18],"amplitude":[19],"modulated,":[20],"i.e.,":[21,52],"pulse-amplitude":[22],"modulated":[23],"(PAM),":[24],"concentration":[25],"a":[27,65,133,187],"certain":[28],"type":[29],"molecule":[31],"used":[33],"information":[35],"transmission.":[36],"signaling":[39],"pathway":[40],"modified":[42],"to":[43,48,130,150],"transduce":[44],"input":[46],"molecules":[47],"output":[50],"signal,":[51],"produce":[53],"green":[54],"fluorescent":[55],"protein":[56],"(GFP).":[57],"composed":[63],"set":[66],"biochemical":[68],"reactions":[69],"which":[70],"impose":[71],"randomness":[72],"on":[73,94,110,144],"response.":[75,183],"Therefore,":[76],"input-output":[78],"relation,":[79],"timing":[81],"issues,":[82],"and":[83,97,121,135,166,197,210],"noise":[85],"effects":[86],"bacteria":[89,105,182,195],"response":[90,106,113,196,207],"are":[91,107,169],"characterized":[92],"based":[93,109,143],"both":[95],"analytical":[96],"experimental":[98],"observations.":[99],"Sampling":[100],"schemes":[101],"raw":[104,181,194],"proposed":[108],"total":[112],"duration,":[114],"peak":[116],"value,":[117],"ramp-up":[119,146,177],"slope,":[120],"ramp-down":[123],"slope.":[124],"Each":[125],"scheme":[127],"shown":[129,149],"be":[131,151],"providing":[132],"one-to-one":[134],"monotonic":[136],"function":[137],"input.":[140],"slope":[147,178],"statistically":[152],"favorable":[153],"detection":[156,200],"PAM":[158,202],"signals.":[160],"Accordingly,":[161],"time":[163],"interval":[164],"selection":[165],"non-coherent":[167],"studied":[170],"efficient":[173],"calculation":[174],"from":[179],"This":[184],"work":[185],"provides":[186],"basis":[188],"enables":[198],"accurate":[199],"signals":[204],"via":[205],"MC":[209],"sensing":[211],"applications.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}