{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411232322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2025.3575341","title":"Protograph-Based Raptor-Like LDPC Codes With an Add-On Structure for Reliable Communications","display_name":"Protograph-Based Raptor-Like LDPC Codes With an Add-On Structure for Reliable Communications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411232322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2025.3575341"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2025.3575341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2025.3575341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060631949","display_name":"Hyejin Ro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyejin Ro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of ICT Convergence System Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ICT Convergence System Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022953610","display_name":"Junghyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5266-6782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junghyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5266-6782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032601178","display_name":"Hosung Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-7792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hosung Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, School of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","School of Electronics and Computer Engineering and the Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-7792","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, School of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Engineering and the Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009885710","display_name":"Sang\u2010Hyo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-5516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Hyo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-5516","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041422473","display_name":"Seok-Ki Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6686-0570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seok-Ki Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Media Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6686-0570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Media Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018380576","display_name":"Sung-Ik Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6283-2986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung-Ik Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Media Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6283-2986","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Media Research Division, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060631949"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3517,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8247132,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"3","first_page":"717","last_page":"731"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raptor-code","display_name":"Raptor code","score":0.7061170339584351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6971623301506042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.6842547655105591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-error-correction","display_name":"Forward error correction","score":0.5601445436477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo-code","display_name":"Turbo code","score":0.5133275389671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4803284704685211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4483170509338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.43245354294776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tornado-code","display_name":"Tornado code","score":0.4292714297771454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.4007704257965088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.28760504722595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-floor","display_name":"Error floor","score":0.2166001796722412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101252705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7294373","display_name":"Raptor code","level":5,"score":0.7061170339584351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6971623301506042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.6842547655105591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202932441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55611017","display_name":"Forward error correction","level":3,"score":0.5601445436477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114504821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164281","display_name":"Turbo code","level":3,"score":0.5133275389671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4803284704685211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4483170509338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.43245354294776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65058987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826005","display_name":"Tornado code","level":5,"score":0.4292714297771454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.4007704257965088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.28760504722595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46462455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5395712","display_name":"Error floor","level":4,"score":0.2166001796722412}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2025.3575341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2025.3575341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536930200","https://openalex.org/W1997785613","https://openalex.org/W2012642489","https://openalex.org/W2028889705","https://openalex.org/W2058963238","https://openalex.org/W2075568400","https://openalex.org/W2098699750","https://openalex.org/W2109489513","https://openalex.org/W2128765501","https://openalex.org/W2293031618","https://openalex.org/W2296125569","https://openalex.org/W2735908784","https://openalex.org/W2773259975","https://openalex.org/W2797668671","https://openalex.org/W2912379734","https://openalex.org/W2943121866","https://openalex.org/W2963904105","https://openalex.org/W3014605918","https://openalex.org/W3164065772","https://openalex.org/W3198631867","https://openalex.org/W4207021051","https://openalex.org/W4285204085","https://openalex.org/W4312755071","https://openalex.org/W4367663312","https://openalex.org/W4386902867","https://openalex.org/W4388543733","https://openalex.org/W4389776927","https://openalex.org/W4391093145","https://openalex.org/W4406610466"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2209506458","https://openalex.org/W1983642614","https://openalex.org/W2735784474","https://openalex.org/W1590246707","https://openalex.org/W2158549933","https://openalex.org/W2150212378","https://openalex.org/W1970962308","https://openalex.org/W3149223615","https://openalex.org/W2169737172","https://openalex.org/W2142451577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,125],"5G":[1,24],"multicast":[2],"and":[3,82,158,218],"broadcast":[4,32],"service":[5],"(MBS)":[6],"has":[7,87,207],"been":[8],"discussed":[9],"since":[10],"3GPP":[11],"Release":[12],"17,":[13],"emphasizing":[14],"resource-efficient":[15],"transmission":[16],"for":[17,30,67,103,152,161,183,216],"multiple":[18],"users.":[19],"A":[20],"primary":[21],"focus":[22],"of":[23,54,114,120,131,136,210],"MBS":[25],"is":[26,43,61,165],"enhancing":[27],"reliability,":[28],"even":[29],"the":[31,39,52,85,118,134,141,159,170,178,187,193,198,204,227,231],"mode":[33],"without":[34],"retransmissions.":[35],"In":[36,49,95],"discussing":[37],"6G,":[38],"hyper":[40],"reliable":[41,219],"communication":[42,66],"also":[44],"an":[45,100,200,208,222],"important":[46],"use":[47,153,202],"case.":[48],"this":[50,96],"context,":[51],"design":[53],"channel":[55],"codes":[56,77,106,172,182,215],"with":[57,230],"low":[58,109],"error":[59,93,110,175],"floors":[60,176],"crucial":[62],"to":[63,107],"ensure":[64],"robust":[65],"such":[68],"demanding":[69],"scenarios.":[70],"Protograph-based":[71],"raptor-like":[72],"(PBRL)":[73],"low-density":[74],"parity-check":[75],"(LDPC)":[76],"have":[78,108,173],"good":[79],"error-correcting":[80],"performance":[81],"rate-compatibility":[83],"but":[84],"construction":[86,149],"focused":[88],"on":[89,117],"waterfall":[90],"rather":[91],"than":[92,177],"floor.":[94],"paper,":[97],"we":[98],"propose":[99,147],"add-on":[101,205],"structure":[102,206],"PBRL":[104,122,143,180,213,233],"LDPC":[105,123,144,181,214,234],"floors,":[111],"which":[112],"consists":[113],"edges":[115,127],"added":[116,126],"protographs":[119],"original":[121,142,179,232],"codes.":[124,145],"play":[128],"a":[129,155],"role":[130],"boosting":[132],"up":[133],"reliability":[135],"weak":[137],"variable":[138],"nodes":[139],"in":[140,197,221],"We":[146],"two":[148,212],"algorithms,":[150],"one":[151],"at":[154],"fixed":[156],"rate":[157],"other":[160],"rate-compatible":[162],"use.":[163],"It":[164],"shown":[166],"via":[167],"simulations":[168],"that":[169],"proposed":[171],"lower":[174],"various":[184],"rates.":[185],"Since":[186],"edge":[188,195],"addition":[189],"does":[190],"not":[191],"change":[192],"existing":[194],"connections":[196],"protograph,":[199],"adaptive":[201],"with/without":[203],"effect":[209],"implementing":[211],"high-speed":[217],"communications":[220],"efficient":[223],"way":[224],"while":[225],"keeping":[226],"system":[228],"backward-compatible":[229],"code.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
