{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409019999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2025.3553296","title":"Deep Learning-Based Spectrum Sensing for TV White Space in 5G-MBMS Networks","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Spectrum Sensing for TV White Space in 5G-MBMS Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409019999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2025.3553296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2025.3553296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2025.3553296","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004241428","display_name":"Fenghua Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-8123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fenghua Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Security, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104318062","display_name":"Yukun Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yukun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Security, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015639955","display_name":"Hongyuan Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-8320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyuan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050556544","display_name":"Junsheng Mu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-8314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junsheng Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-8314","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jie Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4657-7977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mobile Communication Technology Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4657-7977","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mobile Communication Technology Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101685806","display_name":"Bingxin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3506-507X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136246","display_name":"China Telecom (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jgnzt20","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153335","display_name":"China Telecom","ror":"https://ror.org/05p67dv18","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mobile Communication Technology Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mobile Communication Technology Research, China Telecom Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136246","https://openalex.org/I4387153335"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jieliang Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jieliang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Security, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004241428"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6524,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89571742,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"3","first_page":"706","last_page":"716"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13816","display_name":"Advanced Signal Processing Techniques","score":0.9291999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9258999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-spaces","display_name":"White spaces","score":0.8884903788566589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5804969668388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia-broadcast-multicast-service","display_name":"Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service","score":0.5236663222312927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","score":0.45388561487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4528270363807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.43796271085739136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2951132655143738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.2818422317504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2708432078361511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21508032083511353}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96391052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256313","display_name":"White spaces","level":4,"score":0.8884903788566589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5804969668388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77757571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501483","display_name":"Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service","level":3,"score":0.5236663222312927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156778621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","level":2,"score":0.45388561487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4528270363807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.43796271085739136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2951132655143738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.2818422317504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2708432078361511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21508032083511353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32295351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899288","display_name":"Multicast","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2025.3553296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2025.3553296","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1594973751","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2336204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4194727248","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008225782","https://openalex.org/W2071266697","https://openalex.org/W2099365965","https://openalex.org/W2125566815","https://openalex.org/W2137621547","https://openalex.org/W2147513803","https://openalex.org/W2164523711","https://openalex.org/W2167755092","https://openalex.org/W2167784645","https://openalex.org/W2593816511","https://openalex.org/W2899289951","https://openalex.org/W2908993293","https://openalex.org/W2966167313","https://openalex.org/W2987434915","https://openalex.org/W2993451492","https://openalex.org/W3014537413","https://openalex.org/W3019603354","https://openalex.org/W3022216552","https://openalex.org/W3028276422","https://openalex.org/W3132465060","https://openalex.org/W3163234680","https://openalex.org/W4285195238","https://openalex.org/W4385834073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055253333","https://openalex.org/W1967449502","https://openalex.org/W2993217827","https://openalex.org/W3023573657","https://openalex.org/W1526252974","https://openalex.org/W2032724981","https://openalex.org/W1990962387","https://openalex.org/W1985250594","https://openalex.org/W2080599847","https://openalex.org/W58703485"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"spectrum":[1,23,78,107,148],"sensing":[2,24,108,149],"in":[3,14,30,76,150],"TV":[4],"White":[5],"Space":[6],"(TVWS)":[7],"is":[8],"crucial":[9],"for":[10,85,110,146],"enhancing":[11],"spectral":[12],"efficiency":[13],"5G":[15],"Multimedia":[16],"Broadcast":[17],"Multicast":[18],"Services":[19],"(MBMS)":[20],"networks.":[21,152],"Traditional":[22],"techniques":[25],"suffer":[26],"from":[27],"poor":[28],"performance":[29],"low-SNR":[31],"environments,":[32],"necessitating":[33],"a":[34,41,103],"robust,":[35],"data-driven":[36],"approach.":[37],"This":[38],"study":[39],"introduces":[40],"deep":[42],"learning-based":[43,106],"multi-feature":[44],"fusion":[45],"approach":[46],"that":[47,97],"integrates":[48],"energy":[49],"detection,":[50],"cyclostationary":[51],"analysis,":[52],"and":[53,65,90,115],"covariance":[54],"matrix":[55],"detection.":[56],"The":[57],"proposed":[58],"model":[59,81],"employs":[60],"an":[61],"adaptive":[62,95,120],"thresholding":[63,121],"mechanism":[64],"multi-task":[66,83,105],"learning":[67,84],"to":[68,99,123],"enhance":[69],"detection":[70,89,114,125],"accuracy":[71,134],"while":[72],"ensuring":[73],"real-time":[74,147],"feasibility":[75,145],"dynamic":[77],"environments.":[79],"Our":[80],"implements":[82],"concurrent":[86,111],"primary":[87,112],"user":[88,113],"MBMS":[91,116],"signal":[92,100,117],"classification,":[93],"featuring":[94],"thresholds":[96],"adjust":[98],"conditions.":[101,130],"Develops":[102],"novel":[104],"framework":[109],"classification.":[118],"Introduces":[119],"mechanisms":[122],"improve":[124],"robustness":[126],"under":[127],"varying":[128],"SNR":[129],"Achieves":[131],"99%":[132],"classification":[133],"at":[135],"\u221210":[136],"dB":[137],"SNR,":[138],"significantly":[139],"outperforming":[140],"traditional":[141],"methods.":[142],"Demonstrates":[143],"practical":[144],"5G-MBMS":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-05T09:01:59.212387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
