{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214901858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2022.3152053","title":"Enhanced 5G Mobile Broadcasting Service With Shape-Adaptive RIS","display_name":"Enhanced 5G Mobile Broadcasting Service With Shape-Adaptive RIS","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214901858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2022.3152053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2022.3152053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2022.3152053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062020419","display_name":"Fei Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2633-5023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fei Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021888141","display_name":"Qiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1898-8825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100442689","display_name":"Wenjing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3852-1007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100783073","display_name":"Peng Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0402-5390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042944721","display_name":"Xuesong Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7899-539X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuesong Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062020419"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1045,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75654952,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"3","first_page":"704","last_page":"711"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9560999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9409000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7078782320022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7055720686912537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicast","display_name":"Multicast","score":0.6772324442863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.5405385494232178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadcasting","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","score":0.5044065713882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4646425247192383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.43532848358154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4279891848564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-adaptation","display_name":"Link adaptation","score":0.41261082887649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35363656282424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.31111568212509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17099642753601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13183513283729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.11271783709526062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7078782320022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7055720686912537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32295351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899288","display_name":"Multicast","level":2,"score":0.6772324442863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.5405385494232178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110157686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922122","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5044065713882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4646425247192383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.43532848358154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4279891848564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138916503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2714551","display_name":"Link adaptation","level":4,"score":0.41261082887649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35363656282424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.31111568212509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17099642753601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13183513283729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.11271783709526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2022.3152053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2022.3152053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G227785576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61971053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043918671","https://openalex.org/W2071957244","https://openalex.org/W2321936408","https://openalex.org/W2739436887","https://openalex.org/W2920947804","https://openalex.org/W2921042855","https://openalex.org/W2949996342","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2970670564","https://openalex.org/W3005476696","https://openalex.org/W3014381164","https://openalex.org/W3015979100","https://openalex.org/W3039790476","https://openalex.org/W3081853039","https://openalex.org/W3109039904","https://openalex.org/W3122520873","https://openalex.org/W3124747810","https://openalex.org/W3137146394"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539674285","https://openalex.org/W1038122923","https://openalex.org/W2033488476","https://openalex.org/W2952514781","https://openalex.org/W3019210376","https://openalex.org/W2391145594","https://openalex.org/W1998322187","https://openalex.org/W2326572623","https://openalex.org/W1559320887","https://openalex.org/W2005713623"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"emerges":[1],"a":[2,76],"strong":[3],"trend":[4],"recently":[5],"to":[6,47],"create":[7],"an":[8],"intelligent":[9,18],"and":[10,53,84,101,107],"controllable":[11],"wireless":[12],"transmission":[13],"environment":[14],"by":[15],"installing":[16],"reconfigurable":[17],"surfaces":[19],"(RIS)":[20],"on":[21],"the":[22,28,42,60,68,96,103],"surface":[23],"of":[24,30,70,98],"diverse.":[25],"We":[26],"research":[27],"use":[29],"RIS":[31,44,56,64,92],"in":[32,37,63],"5G":[33,49,113],"multicast":[34,50],"TV":[35,51],"applications":[36],"this":[38],"paper.":[39],"In":[40],"particular,":[41],"shape-adaptive":[43],"is":[45],"developed":[46],"relay":[48],"signals":[52],"achieve":[54],"extra":[55],"gain.":[57],"To":[58],"optimize":[59],"shape":[61],"bending":[62],"model,":[65],"we":[66],"employ":[67],"algorithm":[69],"Deep":[71],"Deterministic":[72],"Policy":[73,85],"Gradient":[74],"(DDPG),":[75],"reinforcement":[77],"learning":[78],"technique":[79],"that":[80,91],"combines":[81],"both":[82],"Q-learning":[83],"gradients.":[86],"Our":[87],"simulation":[88],"results":[89],"show":[90],"can":[93],"considerably":[94],"enhance":[95],"SINR":[97],"worst":[99],"users":[100],"improve":[102],"system\u2019s":[104],"overall":[105],"Modulation":[106],"Coding":[108],"Scheme":[109],"(MCS)":[110],"level":[111],"for":[112],"mobile":[114],"broadcasting":[115],"services.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
