{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159840359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2021.3073556","title":"Early Intra CU Size Decision for Versatile Video Coding Based on a Tunable Decision Model","display_name":"Early Intra CU Size Decision for Versatile Video Coding Based on a Tunable Decision Model","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159840359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2021.3073556","mag":"3159840359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2021.3073556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2021.3073556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100387773","display_name":"Yue Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1679-2941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156400","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology of Hunan Province","ror":"https://ror.org/04qgr7x96","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156400"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91935597","display_name":"University of South China","ror":"https://ror.org/03mqfn238","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer School, University of South China, Hengyang, China","Hunan Provincial Base for Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer School, University of South China, Hengyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91935597"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Provincial Base for Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048048449","display_name":"Gaobo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2734-659X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaobo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2734-659X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101745760","display_name":"Yun Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6962-8475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039718270","display_name":"Hanling Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8242-9139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanling Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009164568","display_name":"Xiangling Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-4633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121296143","display_name":"Hunan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02m9vrb24","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121296143"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangling Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-4633","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121296143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085673014","display_name":"Dengyong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2789-2980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56934997","display_name":"Changsha University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dengyong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56934997"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3802,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98041988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"3","first_page":"710","last_page":"720"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-tree-unit","display_name":"Coding tree unit","score":0.7657037377357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.6032652854919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5849717259407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.571319580078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.5499967932701111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5342086553573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-adaptive-binary-arithmetic-coding","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","score":0.5048540234565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.46987468004226685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4292711913585663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.4239708185195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3412516117095947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.33252185583114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.30338865518569946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.276441752910614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.203882098197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17074266076087952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1220613420009613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11983135342597961}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190750250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13533439","display_name":"Coding tree unit","level":3,"score":0.7657037377357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.6032652854919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5849717259407043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.571319580078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5499967932701111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5342086553573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175732694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128713","display_name":"Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding","level":3,"score":0.5048540234565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.46987468004226685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4292711913585663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.4239708185195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3412516117095947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33252185583114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.30338865518569946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.276441752910614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.203882098197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17074266076087952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1220613420009613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11983135342597961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2021.3073556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2021.3073556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2075042287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001209","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020391871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020JJ5496","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7605164512","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020JJ4029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8344111412","display_name":"\u4eba\u8138\u56fe\u50cf\u5408\u6210\u4e0e\u8868\u60c5\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u53d6\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61972143","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1581543338","https://openalex.org/W1973962379","https://openalex.org/W2001706548","https://openalex.org/W2013875322","https://openalex.org/W2021636361","https://openalex.org/W2037763347","https://openalex.org/W2101700394","https://openalex.org/W2109024809","https://openalex.org/W2109519887","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2294584607","https://openalex.org/W2518546937","https://openalex.org/W2555231364","https://openalex.org/W2613939767","https://openalex.org/W2622494525","https://openalex.org/W2761287863","https://openalex.org/W2767288174","https://openalex.org/W2768957286","https://openalex.org/W2894017587","https://openalex.org/W2921369765","https://openalex.org/W2943677652","https://openalex.org/W2955705340","https://openalex.org/W2964808424","https://openalex.org/W2966267490","https://openalex.org/W2972169352","https://openalex.org/W2978621718","https://openalex.org/W2978969444","https://openalex.org/W2979876251","https://openalex.org/W2981731685","https://openalex.org/W2984445090","https://openalex.org/W2987291011","https://openalex.org/W2990674010","https://openalex.org/W2990751688","https://openalex.org/W3005203756","https://openalex.org/W3013917658","https://openalex.org/W3035631597","https://openalex.org/W3037841842","https://openalex.org/W3046740278","https://openalex.org/W3101531460","https://openalex.org/W3115406179","https://openalex.org/W4241938708","https://openalex.org/W6675207249","https://openalex.org/W6775031005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101620528","https://openalex.org/W2083809258","https://openalex.org/W2182606236","https://openalex.org/W2085196000","https://openalex.org/W2308854072","https://openalex.org/W2891963226","https://openalex.org/W2886476932","https://openalex.org/W2007687771","https://openalex.org/W1995849175","https://openalex.org/W1968317508"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Versatile":[0],"video":[1,6],"coding":[2,7,41,51,58],"(VVC)":[3],"further":[4],"improves":[5],"gain":[8,42],"by":[9,80,164],"introducing":[10],"a":[11,68,115],"new":[12],"Quad-tree":[13],"(QT)":[14],"with":[15,148,177],"nested":[16],"multi-type":[17],"tree":[18],"(QTMT)":[19],"partition":[20,62,109],"structure,":[21],"which":[22],"includes":[23],"QT":[24],"partition,":[25,31],"horizontal":[26,33],"and":[27,32,34,88,107,128],"vertical":[28,35],"binary-tree":[29],"(BT)":[30],"ternary-tree":[36],"(TT)":[37],"partition.":[38],"However,":[39],"the":[40,46,75,81,84,89,94,102,136,140,149,166,170],"is":[43,77,119,158],"achieved":[44],"at":[45],"cost":[47],"of":[48,74,105,169],"drastically":[49],"increased":[50],"complexity.":[52],"We":[53],"propose":[54],"an":[55],"early":[56,103],"intra":[57],"unit":[59],"(CU)":[60],"size":[61],"method":[63],"for":[64,101,110,161],"VVC":[65,171],"based":[66],"on":[67],"tunable":[69,116],"decision":[70,97,117],"model.":[71],"The":[72],"distortion":[73],"CU":[76,179],"firstly":[78],"obtained":[79],"difference":[82],"between":[83,125],"original":[85],"luminance":[86],"pixel":[87],"predicted":[90],"one.":[91],"By":[92],"exploiting":[93,165],"distortion,":[95],"two":[96],"models":[98],"are":[99],"established":[100],"skipping":[104],"BT":[106],"TT":[108],"each":[111],"CU,":[112],"respectively.":[113],"Then,":[114],"model":[118],"presented":[120],"to":[121,146,155,174],"achieve":[122],"different":[123],"trade-off":[124],"encoding":[126,141],"loss":[127],"complexity":[129],"reduction.":[130],"Extensive":[131],"experimental":[132],"results":[133],"show":[134],"that":[135],"proposed":[137],"approach":[138],"reduces":[139],"time":[142],"ranging":[143,152],"from":[144,153],"22.6%":[145],"67.6%":[147],"BD-Rate":[150],"increase":[151],"0.56%":[154],"2.61%.":[156],"It":[157],"also":[159],"suitable":[160],"parallel":[162],"implementation":[163],"pipeline":[167],"structure":[168],"encoder":[172],"due":[173],"its":[175],"independency":[176],"neighboring":[178],"blocks.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
