{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3022123711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2020.2986922","title":"Cellular Terrestrial Broadcast\u2014Physical Layer Evolution From 3GPP Release 9 to Release 16","display_name":"Cellular Terrestrial Broadcast\u2014Physical Layer Evolution From 3GPP Release 9 to Release 16","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3022123711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2020.2986922","mag":"3022123711"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2020.2986922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2020.2986922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038858404","display_name":"Ayan Sengupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-6046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayan Sengupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Standards and Industry Organization, Qualcomm Technologies Inc., San Diego, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-6046","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Standards and Industry Organization, Qualcomm Technologies Inc., San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040312988","display_name":"Alberto Rico Alvarino","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Rico Alvarino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Standards and Industry Organization, Qualcomm Technologies Inc., San Diego, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Standards and Industry Organization, Qualcomm Technologies Inc., San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082481227","display_name":"Amer Catovic","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amer Catovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Standards and Industry Organization, Qualcomm Technologies Inc., San Diego, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Standards and Industry Organization, Qualcomm Technologies Inc., San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066525450","display_name":"Lorenzo Casaccia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Casaccia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Standards and Industry Organization Spain, Qualcomm Europe, Inc., Spain Branch Office, Alcobendas, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Standards and Industry Organization Spain, Qualcomm Europe, Inc., Spain Branch Office, Alcobendas, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97409802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"2","first_page":"459","last_page":"470"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9629999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia-broadcast-multicast-service","display_name":"Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service","score":0.9625611305236816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-frequency-network","display_name":"Single-frequency network","score":0.772733211517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.7644271850585938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7563341856002808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6847706437110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.6381590366363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3rd-generation-partnership-project-2","display_name":"3rd Generation Partnership Project 2","score":0.6122743487358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.559863269329071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicast","display_name":"Multicast","score":0.5552425980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadcasting","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","score":0.5143807530403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclic-prefix","display_name":"Cyclic prefix","score":0.4834173917770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handshake","display_name":"Handshake","score":0.44051697850227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3451158404350281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.19467264413833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.18022668361663818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.10214439034461975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.09844496846199036}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77757571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501483","display_name":"Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service","level":3,"score":0.9625611305236816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776847985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530404","display_name":"Single-frequency network","level":3,"score":0.772733211517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.7644271850585938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7563341856002808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6847706437110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.6381590366363525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177782964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229785","display_name":"3rd Generation Partnership Project 2","level":3,"score":0.6122743487358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.559863269329071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32295351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899288","display_name":"Multicast","level":2,"score":0.5552425980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110157686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922122","display_name":"Broadcasting (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5143807530403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778775284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5198224","display_name":"Cyclic prefix","level":4,"score":0.4834173917770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778000800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830043","display_name":"Handshake","level":3,"score":0.44051697850227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3451158404350281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.19467264413833618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.18022668361663818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.10214439034461975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.09844496846199036}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2020.2986922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2020.2986922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967449502","https://openalex.org/W2069996320","https://openalex.org/W2118854927","https://openalex.org/W2296131367","https://openalex.org/W2520927769","https://openalex.org/W2567242272","https://openalex.org/W2792040165","https://openalex.org/W2797864350","https://openalex.org/W2885610416","https://openalex.org/W2887587824","https://openalex.org/W2943121866","https://openalex.org/W3014605918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998108410","https://openalex.org/W2099829534","https://openalex.org/W2129347914","https://openalex.org/W2520927769","https://openalex.org/W2768284951","https://openalex.org/W2063807890","https://openalex.org/W1603259736","https://openalex.org/W173103260","https://openalex.org/W2103271067","https://openalex.org/W1991397693"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,25,68],"present":[1],"the":[2,6,11,32,39,43,117,122,131,136,144,173,209,248,254,259,266,273,283,286],"latest":[3],"developments":[4,57],"in":[5,130],"physical":[7,34,124,145],"layer":[8,35,146],"evolution":[9],"for":[10,55,76,148,153,175,199,265,285],"transmission":[12,85,102],"of":[13,30,42,72,135,261,275],"Multimedia":[14,77],"Broadcast":[15,78,277],"Multicast":[16],"Service":[17],"(MBMS)":[18],"over":[19,103,187],"fifth":[20],"generation":[21],"(5G)":[22],"cellular":[23],"networks.":[24],"first":[26],"provide":[27,51,69],"an":[28,70,176,213],"overview":[29,71],"how":[31,197],"MBMS":[33,62,74,123,151,293],"has":[36],"evolved":[37],"during":[38],"initial":[40],"releases":[41],"Third":[44],"Generation":[45],"Partnership":[46],"Project":[47],"(3GPP)":[48],"specifications":[49,138],"and":[50,53,227,272,288],"motivations":[52],"insights":[54],"key":[56],"that":[58,216,250,294],"have":[59],"helped":[60],"mature":[61],"into":[63],"a":[64,180],"competitive":[65],"broadcasting":[66],"solution.":[67],"dedicated":[73],"carriers":[75],"multicast":[79],"service":[80],"Single":[81],"Frequency":[82,90],"Network":[83],"(MBSFN)":[84],"as":[86,88,163,165],"well":[87],"Orthogonal":[89],"Division":[91],"Multiplexing":[92],"(OFDM)":[93],"numerologies":[94,241],"with":[95,107,156,179,189,292],"longer":[96],"cyclic":[97,182],"prefixes":[98],"to":[99,121,184,203,208,223,231,235,253],"support":[100,198,274],"MBSFN":[101],"large":[104,108,164,191,224,232],"geographical":[105],"areas":[106],"distances":[109,158],"between":[110,159],"cooperating":[111,160],"cell":[112,161],"sites.":[113],"Next,":[114,194],"we":[115,142,171,195,246],"describe":[116,143,247],"most":[118],"recent":[119],"enhancements":[120,249],"layer,":[125],"addressing":[126],"advanced":[127],"use":[128],"cases":[129],"recently":[132],"completed":[133],"release":[134],"3GPP":[137],"(Release":[139],"16).":[140],"First,":[141],"design":[147],"enabling":[149],"MBSFN-based":[150],"services":[152],"rooftop":[154],"receivers":[155],"inter-site":[157],"sites":[162],"125":[166],"km.":[167],"In":[168],"this":[169],"realm,":[170],"demonstrate":[172],"need":[174],"OFDM":[177,214],"numerology":[178,215],"300-microsecond":[181],"prefix":[183],"communicate":[185],"effectively":[186],"channels":[188],"very":[190],"delay":[192,225],"spreads.":[193],"explain":[196],"high":[200,243],"mobility":[201],"up":[202],"250":[204],"kmph":[205],"was":[206],"added":[207],"standards":[210],"by":[211,297],"using":[212],"gracefully":[217],"trades":[218],"off":[219],"inter-symbol":[220],"interference":[221,229],"due":[222,230],"spreads":[226,234],"inter-carrier":[228],"doppler":[233],"achieve":[236],"better":[237],"performance":[238],"than":[239],"existing":[240],"at":[242],"speeds.":[244],"Finally,":[245],"were":[251],"made":[252],"Cell":[255],"Acquisition":[256],"Subframe":[257],"(CAS)-specifically,":[258],"introduction":[260],"larger":[262],"aggregation":[263],"levels":[264],"Physical":[267,276],"Downlink":[268],"Control":[269],"Channel":[270,278],"(PDCCH)":[271],"(PBCH)":[279],"repetitions-that":[280],"significantly":[281],"increase":[282],"coverage":[284],"control":[287],"system":[289],"information":[290],"associated":[291],"are":[295],"carried":[296],"these":[298],"subframes.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}