{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2947628250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2019.2917402","title":"Inter-Block Dependency-Based CTU Level Rate Control for HEVC","display_name":"Inter-Block Dependency-Based CTU Level Rate Control for HEVC","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2947628250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2019.2917402","mag":"2947628250"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2019.2917402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2019.2917402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100639567","display_name":"Hongwei Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3599-1572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121919","display_name":"Honghe University","ror":"https://ror.org/036prgm77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Honghe University, Mengzi, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3599-1572","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Honghe University, Mengzi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034427070","display_name":"Ce Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-707X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ce Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-707X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079385534","display_name":"Mai Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0277-3301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0277-3301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100702796","display_name":"Shuai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9938-0917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9938-0917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2537,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95167869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"1","first_page":"113","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.6847223043441772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-tree-unit","display_name":"Coding tree unit","score":0.677641749382019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6527110934257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lagrange-multiplier","display_name":"Lagrange multiplier","score":0.6158087253570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.561946451663971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5588924884796143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroblock","display_name":"Macroblock","score":0.5530277490615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate\u2013distortion-optimization","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion optimization","score":0.5354013442993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate\u2013distortion-theory","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion theory","score":0.4456444978713989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4435519576072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.3758438229560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.30036449432373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2814999222755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2625788450241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiview-video-coding","display_name":"Multiview Video Coding","score":0.20982396602630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1535249948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.1458643078804016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.6847223043441772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190750250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13533439","display_name":"Coding tree unit","level":3,"score":0.677641749382019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6527110934257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73684929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598870","display_name":"Lagrange multiplier","level":2,"score":0.6158087253570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.561946451663971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5588924884796143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124828224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632668","display_name":"Macroblock","level":3,"score":0.5530277490615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50056821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774502","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion optimization","level":5,"score":0.5354013442993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64185310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843483","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion theory","level":3,"score":0.4456444978713989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4435519576072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.3758438229560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.30036449432373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2814999222755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2625788450241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23431618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1404672","display_name":"Multiview Video Coding","level":4,"score":0.20982396602630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1535249948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.1458643078804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbc.2019.2917402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbc.2019.2917402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100142436","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","issn_l":"0018-9316","issn":["0018-9316","1557-9611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2430933232","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61571102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W333541595","https://openalex.org/W413003264","https://openalex.org/W1563751608","https://openalex.org/W1964204065","https://openalex.org/W1964743554","https://openalex.org/W1972915598","https://openalex.org/W2011426177","https://openalex.org/W2052718775","https://openalex.org/W2095803164","https://openalex.org/W2107589995","https://openalex.org/W2123729354","https://openalex.org/W2131070359","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2146662980","https://openalex.org/W2156416207","https://openalex.org/W2162096028","https://openalex.org/W2166951587","https://openalex.org/W2169161136","https://openalex.org/W2169735804","https://openalex.org/W2240965729","https://openalex.org/W2249544981","https://openalex.org/W2318588725","https://openalex.org/W2337462403","https://openalex.org/W2407574721","https://openalex.org/W2474131947","https://openalex.org/W2507355644","https://openalex.org/W2511584835","https://openalex.org/W2558205878","https://openalex.org/W2623587439","https://openalex.org/W2750318222","https://openalex.org/W2755841480","https://openalex.org/W2779040961","https://openalex.org/W2809714054","https://openalex.org/W2890000486","https://openalex.org/W2895574347","https://openalex.org/W2979990382","https://openalex.org/W6643421439"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161079235","https://openalex.org/W2593019805","https://openalex.org/W2157242187","https://openalex.org/W2166920268","https://openalex.org/W2072858181","https://openalex.org/W2161217864","https://openalex.org/W2123361586","https://openalex.org/W2104442861","https://openalex.org/W2137206944","https://openalex.org/W3168232551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"high":[1,8],"efficiency":[2],"video":[3,72],"coding":[4,9,25,47,73,99],"(HEVC)":[5],"has":[6,12],"achieved":[7],"performance,":[10],"it":[11],"been":[13],"shown":[14],"that":[15,227],"dependent":[16],"rate-distortion":[17,56],"optimization":[18,68],"(RDO)":[19],"can":[20,237],"still":[21,238],"further":[22],"improve":[23],"the":[24,28,66,87,93,111,133,155,159,180,190,199,220,235],"performance":[26,58,213],"at":[27,46,154],"encoder":[29],"side.":[30],"Inspired":[31],"by":[32],"our":[33,204],"previous":[34],"work":[35],"on":[36,81,198,246],"temporal-dependent":[37],"RDO,":[38],"this":[39],"paper":[40],"proposes":[41],"a":[42,76,82,102,140,163,165,171],"rate":[43,233],"control":[44],"method":[45,117],"tree":[48],"unit":[49],"(CTU)":[50],"level":[51,120,137],"to":[52,92,125,178],"obtain":[53],"both":[54],"higher":[55],"(R-D)":[57],"and":[59,74,101,145,170,186,208,244,254],"lower":[60,216],"bitrate":[61,217,240],"errors.":[62],"We":[63],"first":[64],"formulate":[65],"global":[67],"problem":[69],"in":[70],"hybrid":[71],"present":[75],"general":[77],"solution":[78],"framework":[79],"based":[80],"weighted":[83,88],"Lagrange":[84],"multiplier,":[85],"where":[86],"coefficient":[89],"is":[90,105,123,148,224],"related":[91],"strength":[94],"of":[95,110,118,135,161,184,242,250],"temporal":[96,112],"dependency":[97,144],"among":[98],"units,":[100],"propagation":[103],"factor":[104],"introduced":[106],"for":[107,150,189],"quantitative":[108],"measurement":[109],"dependency.":[113],"Second,":[114],"an":[115],"estimation":[116],"CTU":[119,156],"R-D":[121,127,146,212],"model":[122,202],"proposed":[124],"characterize":[126],"relationship":[128],"more":[129],"accurately.":[130],"Finally,":[131],"under":[132,248],"constraint":[134,167,173],"frame":[136],"bit":[138,152],"budget,":[139],"formulation":[141],"combining":[142],"inter-block":[143],"characteristic":[147],"developed":[149],"optimal":[151],"allocation":[153],"level.":[157],"In":[158],"process":[160],"encoding":[162],"frame,":[164,192],"relaxed":[166],"algorithm":[168,174],"(RCA)":[169],"strict":[172],"(SCA)":[175],"are":[176],"employed":[177],"reduce":[179],"difference":[181],"between":[182],"numbers":[183],"actual":[185],"target":[187],"bits":[188],"current":[191],"respectively.":[193,257],"Experimental":[194],"results":[195],"demonstrate":[196],"that,":[197],"HEVC":[200,231],"test":[201],"(HM-16.7),":[203],"methods":[205],"including":[206],"RCA":[207,236],"SCA":[209],"achieve":[210,239],"considerable":[211],"improvement":[214],"with":[215,230],"errors,":[218],"outperforming":[219],"state-of-the-art":[221],"schemes.":[222],"It":[223],"worth":[225],"mentioning":[226],"even":[228],"compared":[229],"without":[232],"control,":[234],"savings":[241],"5.4%":[243],"5.1%":[245],"average":[247],"configurations":[249],"low":[251],"delay":[252],"P":[253],"B":[255],"frames,":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}