{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1981949092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tassp.1985.1164689","title":"Spectral filtering using the fast Walsh transform","display_name":"Spectral filtering using the fast Walsh transform","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1981949092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tassp.1985.1164689","mag":"1981949092"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tassp.1985.1164689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tassp.1985.1164689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98930721","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","issn_l":"0096-3518","issn":["0096-3518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034397659","display_name":"C.J. Zarowski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Zarowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MAN, Canada","University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MAN, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027342333","display_name":"M. Yunik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Yunik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MAN, Canada","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MAN, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034397659"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7183,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81358885,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"5","first_page":"1246","last_page":"1252"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11210","display_name":"Mathematical Analysis and Transform Methods","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walsh-function","display_name":"Walsh function","score":0.710242748260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagonal","display_name":"Diagonal","score":0.6194085478782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5126461386680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.46924474835395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.4684840440750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4562583565711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4426732063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3722306489944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26932257413864136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.14064118266105652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.07738301157951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.0654834508895874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164319782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934233","display_name":"Walsh function","level":2,"score":0.710242748260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130367717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189791","display_name":"Diagonal","level":2,"score":0.6194085478782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5126461386680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.46924474835395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4684840440750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4562583565711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4426732063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3722306489944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26932257413864136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.14064118266105652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.07738301157951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0654834508895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tassp.1985.1164689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tassp.1985.1164689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98930721","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","issn_l":"0096-3518","issn":["0096-3518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967575124","https://openalex.org/W1968346125","https://openalex.org/W1969810666","https://openalex.org/W2005380378","https://openalex.org/W2061171222","https://openalex.org/W2079449831","https://openalex.org/W2091803822","https://openalex.org/W2109597786","https://openalex.org/W2146281512","https://openalex.org/W4236799535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065812748","https://openalex.org/W131231088","https://openalex.org/W2135584473","https://openalex.org/W2157754252","https://openalex.org/W2015906653","https://openalex.org/W2041069813","https://openalex.org/W2964223869","https://openalex.org/W2626141450","https://openalex.org/W2053369283","https://openalex.org/W2162241373"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,74],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,47,53,114,190,203],"method":[4,129],"of":[5,108,147,179,182,184,192,218],"doing":[6],"spectral":[7,156,164,210,221],"filtering":[8,59,157,165,211,222],"using":[9,24],"the":[10,17,25,57,62,66,71,79,93,144,177,180,185],"fast":[11,18],"Walsh":[12,26,63,80],"transform":[13,20,27],"(FWT)":[14],"rather":[15],"than":[16,23,163,220],"Fourier":[19,30,72,94],"(FFT).":[21],"Rather":[22],"to":[28,122],"find":[29,46],"coefficients":[31],"which":[32],"can":[33],"then":[34],"be":[35,123],"filtered":[36],"by":[37],"ordinary":[38],"means,":[39],"as":[40,52,65],"was":[41],"done":[42],"in":[43,61,70,216],"[2],":[44],"we":[45],"new":[48,75],"filter":[49,67,76],"function,":[50],"expressed":[51],"matrix,":[54,77],"that":[55,116,155,209],"does":[56],"same":[58],"operation":[60],"domain":[64],"function":[68],"matrix":[69,82,96],"domain.":[73],"called":[78],"gain":[81,95],"(G":[83,97],"<inf":[84,98,110,119,133,138,149,199,205],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[85,99,111,120,134,139,150,170,200,206,227],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">w</inf>":[86,112,121,135,151,207],"),":[87],"is":[88,102,141,153,176,189],"block-diagonal":[89,106,145],"and":[90,113],"real":[91,124],"while":[92],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">f</inf>":[100,140,201],")":[101],"complex":[103],"diagonal.":[104],"The":[105],"structure":[107,146],"G":[109,118,132,137,148,198,204],"condition":[115,196],"causes":[117],"are":[125],"proven.":[126],"An":[127],"off-line":[128],"for":[130,168,225],"finding":[131],"given":[136],"presented.":[142],"Using":[143],"it":[152],"proven":[154],"via":[158,166,212,223],"FWT":[159,213],"requires":[160],"fewer":[161],"multiplications":[162],"FFT":[167,224],"<tex":[169,226],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">N":[171,228],"\\leq":[172,229],"64</tex>":[173],"where":[174],"N":[175],"length":[178],"sequence":[181],"samples":[183],"input":[186],"signal":[187],"(N":[188],"power":[191],"2).":[193],"A":[194],"special":[195],"on":[197],"gives":[202],"such":[208],"becomes":[214],"better,":[215],"terms":[217],"multiplications,":[219],"128</tex>":[230],".":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}