{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2557471754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2016.2633812","title":"Weakly Supervised Learning of Hidden Markov Models for Spoken Language Acquisition","display_name":"Weakly Supervised Learning of Hidden Markov Models for Spoken Language Acquisition","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2557471754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2016.2633812","mag":"2557471754"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taslp.2016.2633812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2016.2633812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169297","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"2329-9290","issn":["2329-9290","2329-9304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074886271","display_name":"Vincent Renkens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2419-4642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Renkens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (ESAT), Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (ESAT), Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087514947","display_name":"Hugo Van hamme","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1331-5186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugo Van hamme","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (ESAT), Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (ESAT), Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8833,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85027712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2","first_page":"285","last_page":"295"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8356008529663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.7131479978561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.7029563784599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6113638281822205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6071851253509521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6029310822486877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4922906458377838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoken-language","display_name":"Spoken language","score":0.4804236888885498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.4793208837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.46239954233169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.42593586444854736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.14222848415374756}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8356008529663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.7131479978561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.7029563784599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6113638281822205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6071851253509521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6029310822486877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4922906458377838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776230583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1322198","display_name":"Spoken language","level":2,"score":0.4804236888885498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.4793208837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.46239954233169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42593586444854736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.14222848415374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taslp.2016.2633812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2016.2633812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169297","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"2329-9290","issn":["2329-9290","2329-9304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/565894","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/565894/1/4156_final.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE-acm Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing, vol. 25 (2), Art.No. 2, (285-295)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W189630165","https://openalex.org/W1246381107","https://openalex.org/W1540882196","https://openalex.org/W1570013475","https://openalex.org/W1684361744","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W1966134282","https://openalex.org/W1969696536","https://openalex.org/W1989271290","https://openalex.org/W1990005915","https://openalex.org/W2000362917","https://openalex.org/W2022058071","https://openalex.org/W2029825515","https://openalex.org/W2031696998","https://openalex.org/W2032943813","https://openalex.org/W2059745395","https://openalex.org/W2066792529","https://openalex.org/W2092881279","https://openalex.org/W2095935433","https://openalex.org/W2100249433","https://openalex.org/W2108837778","https://openalex.org/W2117092977","https://openalex.org/W2135029798","https://openalex.org/W2141354973","https://openalex.org/W2144359569","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2295297373","https://openalex.org/W2401277329","https://openalex.org/W2403489760","https://openalex.org/W2403712216","https://openalex.org/W2519992588","https://openalex.org/W2523385651","https://openalex.org/W3143596294","https://openalex.org/W4211008118","https://openalex.org/W6632513598","https://openalex.org/W6680012447","https://openalex.org/W6713009045","https://openalex.org/W6713294640","https://openalex.org/W6713380196","https://openalex.org/W6727236174","https://openalex.org/W7009262615"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053269318","https://openalex.org/W2364370872","https://openalex.org/W2097963413","https://openalex.org/W2294335174","https://openalex.org/W2025614924","https://openalex.org/W3145575561","https://openalex.org/W2001275470","https://openalex.org/W2073996508","https://openalex.org/W1591475660","https://openalex.org/W2559776840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,61,93,126],"this":[1,94,127],"paper,":[2,128],"a":[3,28,43,68,85,141,157],"spoken":[4,11],"command":[5,29,200],"and":[6,30,175,191,201,204],"control":[7,202],"interface":[8],"that":[9,49,208],"acquires":[10],"language":[12],"through":[13,36],"demonstrations":[14],"from":[15],"the":[16,24,33,41,57,62,78,91,96,100,109,113,123,129,151,168,173,176,180,212,216],"user":[17,21],"is":[18,59,103,116,137,183,196,206],"discussed.":[19],"The":[20,193],"can":[22,165],"train":[23],"system":[25,195,214,217],"by":[26,76],"uttering":[27],"subsequently":[31],"demonstrating":[32],"required":[34],"action":[35],"an":[37],"alternative":[38],"interface.":[39],"From":[40],"demonstration,":[42],"bag":[44,79,86,152],"of":[45,80,87,90,153],"semantic":[46,52,81],"concepts":[47,53,75,82,154],"representation":[48,83,89,155],"represents":[50],"which":[51,99,112,179],"are":[54],"present":[55],"in":[56,98,106,111,178],"demonstration":[58],"extracted.":[60],"previous":[63],"work,":[64],"we":[65],"have":[66],"proposed":[67,194],"method":[69],"for":[70,73,160,209],"learning":[71],"words":[72,101,114,181],"these":[74],"linking":[77],"to":[84,118,121,149,171,188],"features":[88],"acoustics.":[92],"method,":[95],"order":[97,110,177],"occur":[102,115,182],"lost.":[104],"However,":[105],"many":[107],"cases,":[108],"important":[117],"be":[119],"able":[120],"determine":[122],"correct":[124],"action.":[125],"vocabulary":[130,190,221],"acquisition":[131],"based":[132,219],"on":[133,198,220],"nonnegative":[134],"matrix":[135],"factorization":[136],"jointly":[138],"trained":[139],"with":[140],"hidden":[142],"Markov":[143],"model":[144,164],"(HMM),":[145],"making":[146,185],"it":[147,186,205],"possible":[148,187],"use":[150],"as":[156],"weak":[158],"supervision":[159],"HMM":[161],"learning.":[162],"This":[163],"better":[166],"utilize":[167],"timing":[169],"information":[170],"improve":[172],"results":[174],"retained":[184],"learn":[189],"grammar.":[192],"tested":[197],"several":[199],"tasks":[203],"shown":[207],"unimpaired":[210],"speech":[211],"resulting":[213],"outperforms":[215],"solely":[218],"acquisition.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
