{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1971758513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2014.2341914","title":"Large-Scale Training of Pairwise Support Vector Machines for Speaker Recognition","display_name":"Large-Scale Training of Pairwise Support Vector Machines for Speaker Recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1971758513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2014.2341914","mag":"1971758513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taslp.2014.2341914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2014.2341914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169297","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"2329-9290","issn":["2329-9290","2329-9304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2555345/1/manuscript_R1_open_.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015516603","display_name":"Sandro Cumani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6036-0065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandro Cumani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino,Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino,Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023812879","display_name":"Pietro Laface","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2841-7695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pietro Laface","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino,Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica, Politecnico di Torino, Torino,Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1418,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94071977,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"11","first_page":"1590","last_page":"1600"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7506369948387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.6926715970039368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.618299126625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5917248129844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-recognition","display_name":"Speaker recognition","score":0.5888223648071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5868345499038696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5640417337417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5065792798995972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.503872811794281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4644169211387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4318881332874298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-diarisation","display_name":"Speaker diarisation","score":0.4112270176410675}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7506369948387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.6926715970039368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.618299126625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5917248129844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133892786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145189","display_name":"Speaker recognition","level":2,"score":0.5888223648071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5868345499038696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5640417337417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5065792798995972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.503872811794281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4644169211387634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4318881332874298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149838564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574248","display_name":"Speaker diarisation","level":3,"score":0.4112270176410675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taslp.2014.2341914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2014.2341914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169297","display_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"2329-9290","issn":["2329-9290","2329-9304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:porto.polito.it:2555345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2555345/1/manuscript_R1_open_.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402038","display_name":"PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino (Politecnico di Torino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","host_organization_name":"Politecnico di Torino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:2329-9290","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:porto.polito.it:2555345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2555345/1/manuscript_R1_open_.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402038","display_name":"PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino (Politecnico di Torino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","host_organization_name":"Politecnico di Torino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:2329-9290","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494575750","https://openalex.org/W1503196035","https://openalex.org/W1530699444","https://openalex.org/W1574862351","https://openalex.org/W1581558595","https://openalex.org/W1604611203","https://openalex.org/W1605479404","https://openalex.org/W1916834241","https://openalex.org/W1964357740","https://openalex.org/W1965968825","https://openalex.org/W1990942610","https://openalex.org/W1994410331","https://openalex.org/W1996125420","https://openalex.org/W2010258340","https://openalex.org/W2035720976","https://openalex.org/W2041823554","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2088127636","https://openalex.org/W2105867876","https://openalex.org/W2106491399","https://openalex.org/W2112530506","https://openalex.org/W2115364117","https://openalex.org/W2116952064","https://openalex.org/W2117990954","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2121812409","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2150769028","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2155319834","https://openalex.org/W2156135142","https://openalex.org/W2156860509","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2260354623","https://openalex.org/W2406312423","https://openalex.org/W3120421331","https://openalex.org/W3141593045","https://openalex.org/W3193477162","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4301621763","https://openalex.org/W6634328381","https://openalex.org/W6634840103","https://openalex.org/W6636033586","https://openalex.org/W6677054210","https://openalex.org/W6677732001","https://openalex.org/W6683152347","https://openalex.org/W6683400854","https://openalex.org/W6692459426","https://openalex.org/W6713727690","https://openalex.org/W6989746565"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384929466","https://openalex.org/W2118039276","https://openalex.org/W2206035908","https://openalex.org/W3148366653","https://openalex.org/W2162158162","https://openalex.org/W4247736853","https://openalex.org/W1493012537","https://openalex.org/W2175373321","https://openalex.org/W2125642021","https://openalex.org/W4310979479"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"State\u2013of\u2013the\u2013art":[0],"systems":[1],"for":[2,26,38,41,168,246,256],"text\u2013independent":[3],"speaker":[4,15,45,83],"recognition":[5,46],"use":[6],"as":[7,18,76],"their":[8],"features":[9],"a":[10,14,28,35,42,68,72,86,95,119,207,221],"compact":[11],"representation":[12],"of":[13,71,74,91,104,112,123,143,155,189,202,210,249],"utterance,":[16],"known":[17],"\u201ci\u2013vector.\u201d":[19],"We":[20,179],"recently":[21],"presented":[22],"an":[23,51],"efficient":[24],"approach":[25,66],"training":[27,105,113,125,145,236,241,257],"Pairwise":[29],"Support":[30],"Vector":[31],"Machine":[32],"(PSVM)":[33],"with":[34,88,109,173,206,234],"suitable":[36],"kernel":[37],"i\u2013vector":[39],"pairs":[40,106,126,146],"quite":[43],"large":[44,89,174,247],"task.":[47],"Rather":[48],"than":[49],"estimating":[50],"SVM":[52],"model":[53],"per":[54],"speaker,":[55],"according":[56],"to":[57,80,129,216],"the":[58,64,81,102,110,124,131,144,153,156,162,185,190,200,203,217,226,230,235],"\u201cone":[59],"versus":[60],"all\u201d":[61],"discriminative":[62,259],"paradigm,":[63],"PSVM":[65,87,133,204,231,240],"classifies":[67],"trial,":[69],"consisting":[70],"pair":[73],"i\u2013vectors,":[75],"belonging":[77],"or":[78],"not":[79,149,243],"same":[82],"class.":[84],"Training":[85],"amount":[90],"data,":[92],"however,":[93],"is":[94,127,212],"memory":[96,163],"and":[97,135,164],"computational":[98,165],"expensive":[99],"task,":[100],"because":[101],"number":[103,111,209],"grows":[107],"quadratically":[108],"i\u2013vectors.":[114],"This":[115,158],"paper":[116],"demonstrates":[117],"that":[118,139,147,199],"very":[120],"small":[121],"subset":[122],"necessary":[128],"train":[130],"original":[132],"model,":[134,223],"proposes":[136],"two":[137],"approaches":[138,183],"allow":[140],"discarding":[141],"most":[142],"are":[148],"essential,":[150],"without":[151],"harming":[152],"accuracy":[154,201,232],"model.":[157],"allows":[159],"dramatically":[160],"reducing":[161],"resources":[166],"needed":[167],"training,":[169],"which":[170],"becomes":[171],"feasible":[172],"datasets":[175],"including":[176],"many":[177],"speakers.":[178],"have":[180],"assessed":[181],"these":[182],"on":[184,225],"extended":[186],"core":[187],"conditions":[188],"NIST":[191],"2012":[192],"Speaker":[193],"Recognition":[194],"Evaluation.":[195],"Our":[196],"results":[197],"show":[198],"trained":[205],"sufficient":[208],"speakers":[211],"10%-30%":[213],"better":[214],"compared":[215],"one":[218],"obtained":[219],"by":[220],"PLDA":[222],"depending":[224],"testing":[227],"conditions.":[228],"Since":[229],"increases":[233],"set":[237],"size,":[238],"but":[239],"does":[242],"scale":[244],"well":[245],"numbers":[248],"speakers,":[250],"our":[251],"selection":[252],"techniques":[253],"become":[254],"relevant":[255],"accurate":[258],"classifiers.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
