{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075944153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2012.2209418","title":"A Mixture Model Approach for Formant Tracking and the Robustness of Student's-t Distribution","display_name":"A Mixture Model Approach for Formant Tracking and the Robustness of Student's-t Distribution","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075944153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2012.2209418","mag":"2075944153"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2012.2209418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2012.2209418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041146903","display_name":"Harshavardhan Sundar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8305-7701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harshavardhan Sundar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","Dept. of Electrical Communication Eng., Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Communication Eng., Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005652970","display_name":"Chandra Sekhar Seelamantula","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9049-1912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chandra Sekhar Seelamantula","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science,  Bangalore, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science,  Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069425803","display_name":"T.V. Sreenivas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thippur V. Sreenivas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","Dept. of Electrical Communication Eng., Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Communication Eng., Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041146903"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67780656,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"10","first_page":"2626","last_page":"2636"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formant","display_name":"Formant","score":0.8285278677940369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.7946642637252808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.7592030763626099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6744239330291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5646991729736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5005769729614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.49055689573287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.479539155960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothness","display_name":"Smoothness","score":0.43830499053001404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4342002868652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/students-t-distribution","display_name":"Student's t-distribution","score":0.42677342891693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-enhancement","display_name":"Speech enhancement","score":0.41244348883628845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3066128194332123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3019677996635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.13367119431495667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11622035503387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volatility","display_name":"Volatility (finance)","score":0.09925812482833862}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158215666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414685","display_name":"Formant","level":3,"score":0.8285278677940369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.7946642637252808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.7592030763626099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6744239330291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5646991729736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5005769729614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.49055689573287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.479539155960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102634674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868473","display_name":"Smoothness","level":2,"score":0.43830499053001404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4342002868652344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49232408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576072","display_name":"Student's t-distribution","level":4,"score":0.42677342891693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776182073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575395","display_name":"Speech enhancement","level":3,"score":0.41244348883628845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3066128194332123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3019677996635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.13367119431495667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11622035503387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91602232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756115","display_name":"Volatility (finance)","level":2,"score":0.09925812482833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23922673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180752","display_name":"Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2012.2209418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2012.2209418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.iisc.ac.in:45366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196309","display_name":"NOT FOUND REPOSITORY (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","host_organization_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310071","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311040","display_name":"Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200317293","https://openalex.org/W1506806321","https://openalex.org/W1594223010","https://openalex.org/W1667165204","https://openalex.org/W1933073527","https://openalex.org/W1970862740","https://openalex.org/W1979012374","https://openalex.org/W1989211522","https://openalex.org/W1999680748","https://openalex.org/W2005671413","https://openalex.org/W2014893602","https://openalex.org/W2016563783","https://openalex.org/W2049573392","https://openalex.org/W2066718061","https://openalex.org/W2094952625","https://openalex.org/W2095913425","https://openalex.org/W2109252613","https://openalex.org/W2112538708","https://openalex.org/W2113763853","https://openalex.org/W2114537326","https://openalex.org/W2116137666","https://openalex.org/W2117200810","https://openalex.org/W2120122557","https://openalex.org/W2128104012","https://openalex.org/W2137373259","https://openalex.org/W2137971377","https://openalex.org/W2139301061","https://openalex.org/W2140170007","https://openalex.org/W2140828385","https://openalex.org/W2145592239","https://openalex.org/W2152595235","https://openalex.org/W2157000920","https://openalex.org/W2161925948","https://openalex.org/W2164666331","https://openalex.org/W2165544306","https://openalex.org/W2166764349","https://openalex.org/W6678121551","https://openalex.org/W6682708161","https://openalex.org/W6684010711"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046217390","https://openalex.org/W4365503437","https://openalex.org/W2362995206","https://openalex.org/W2004825552","https://openalex.org/W1987091338","https://openalex.org/W2043517840","https://openalex.org/W1588485116","https://openalex.org/W2804389401","https://openalex.org/W2030109968","https://openalex.org/W1969050958"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,17,62,124],"address":[1],"the":[2,12,27,49,57,78,88,97,114,137,140,149],"problem":[3],"of":[4,14,26,33,39,48,56,96],"robust":[5,81,120,154],"formant":[6,28,99],"tracking":[7],"in":[8,11,87,136],"continuous":[9],"speech":[10,110],"presence":[13],"additive":[15,122],"noise.":[16,123,156],"propose":[18],"a":[19,40,129],"new":[20],"approach":[21,31,117],"based":[22,42],"on":[23,43,103],"mixture":[24,60,67,72],"modeling":[25,55],"contours.":[29,100],"Our":[30],"consists":[32],"two":[34],"main":[35],"steps:":[36],"(i)":[37],"Computation":[38],"pyknogram":[41,58,89],"multiband":[44],"amplitude-modulation/frequency-modulation":[45],"(AM/FM)":[46],"decomposition":[47],"input":[50],"speech;":[51],"and":[52,70,75,94,139],"(ii)":[53],"Statistical":[54],"using":[59],"models.":[61],"experiment":[63],"with":[64,82,128],"both":[65],"Gaussian":[66],"model":[68,73],"(GMM)":[69],"Student's-t":[71],"(tMM)":[74],"show":[76,112,147],"that":[77,113,148],"latter":[79],"is":[80,118,152],"respect":[83],"to":[84,121,155],"handling":[85],"outliers":[86],"data,":[90],"parameter":[91],"selection,":[92],"accuracy,":[93],"smoothness":[95],"estimated":[98],"Experimental":[101],"results":[102],"simulated":[104],"data":[105,111],"as":[106,108],"well":[107],"noisy":[109],"proposed":[115,135,150],"tMM-based":[116],"also":[119],"present":[125],"performance":[126],"comparisons":[127],"recently":[130],"developed":[131],"adaptive":[132],"filterbank":[133],"technique":[134,151],"literature":[138],"classical":[141],"Burg's":[142],"spectral":[143],"estimator":[144],"technique,":[145],"which":[146],"more":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
