{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107886506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2076394","title":"Robust Performance Evaluation of POMDP-Based Dialogue Systems","display_name":"Robust Performance Evaluation of POMDP-Based Dialogue Systems","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107886506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2076394","mag":"2107886506"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2010.2076394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2076394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114246723","display_name":"Dongho Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3911-8746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongho Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","Department of Computer Science; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100444279","display_name":"Jin Hee Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1204-7079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin H. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","Department of Computer Science; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074569524","display_name":"Kee-Eung Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kee-Eung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","Department of Computer Science; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1953,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94159594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"1029","last_page":"1040"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partially-observable-markov-decision-process","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","score":0.9506642818450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8251075744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7168192863464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5400766134262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.5020837783813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.4989197254180908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observable","display_name":"Observable","score":0.4505109488964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.450314998626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.41719239950180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.2734103202819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.27004051208496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.24322810769081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.07664644718170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06925606727600098}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17098449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176814","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","level":4,"score":0.9506642818450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8251075744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7168192863464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5400766134262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.5020837783813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.4989197254180908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.4505109488964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.450314998626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.41719239950180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.2734103202819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.27004051208496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.24322810769081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.07664644718170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06925606727600098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2010.2076394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2076394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5099999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W62710299","https://openalex.org/W147552783","https://openalex.org/W160067033","https://openalex.org/W1487408605","https://openalex.org/W1530444831","https://openalex.org/W1550220533","https://openalex.org/W1595187495","https://openalex.org/W1650504995","https://openalex.org/W2007221309","https://openalex.org/W2020294948","https://openalex.org/W2032100464","https://openalex.org/W2077098962","https://openalex.org/W2096145771","https://openalex.org/W2101892490","https://openalex.org/W2106547558","https://openalex.org/W2107282196","https://openalex.org/W2108519123","https://openalex.org/W2108692343","https://openalex.org/W2110962519","https://openalex.org/W2117488952","https://openalex.org/W2119015791","https://openalex.org/W2128965063","https://openalex.org/W2132997613","https://openalex.org/W2134051188","https://openalex.org/W2134802714","https://openalex.org/W2142831953","https://openalex.org/W2144794447","https://openalex.org/W2167435507","https://openalex.org/W2168359464","https://openalex.org/W2172042293","https://openalex.org/W2400971108","https://openalex.org/W2438667436","https://openalex.org/W2603612888","https://openalex.org/W2963889160","https://openalex.org/W4211048027","https://openalex.org/W4246239274","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602539159","https://openalex.org/W6629192425","https://openalex.org/W6631910770","https://openalex.org/W6632874537","https://openalex.org/W6636732284","https://openalex.org/W6636774213","https://openalex.org/W6668329250","https://openalex.org/W6675453078","https://openalex.org/W6675993619","https://openalex.org/W6679977494","https://openalex.org/W6681472862","https://openalex.org/W6685294647"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2999848267","https://openalex.org/W2096013579","https://openalex.org/W1760611253","https://openalex.org/W52153049","https://openalex.org/W1589140671","https://openalex.org/W2951545791","https://openalex.org/W1515117609","https://openalex.org/W2294884454","https://openalex.org/W4323315247","https://openalex.org/W131709709"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Partially":[0],"observable":[1],"Markov":[2],"decision":[3],"processes":[4],"(POMDPs)":[5],"have":[6],"received":[7],"significant":[8],"interest":[9],"in":[10],"research":[11],"on":[12,83,117,136],"spoken":[13],"dialogue":[14,27,48,85,129,144],"systems,":[15],"due":[16],"to":[17,23,56,74],"among":[18],"many":[19],"benefits":[20],"its":[21],"ability":[22],"naturally":[24],"model":[25],"the":[26,37,47,57,60,69,78,84,94,106,125,137,143],"strategy":[28,49,86],"selection":[29],"problem":[30],"under":[31],"unreliable":[32],"automated":[33],"speech":[34],"recognition.":[35],"However,":[36],"POMDP":[38,52],"approaches":[39],"are":[40],"essentially":[41],"model-based,":[42],"and":[43,76,105,131],"as":[44],"a":[45,133],"result,":[46],"computed":[50,87,96,108],"from":[51,88,97,103,109],"is":[53],"still":[54],"subject":[55],"correctness":[58],"of":[59,68,80],"model.":[61],"In":[62],"this":[63],"paper,":[64],"we":[65],"extend":[66],"some":[67],"previous":[70],"MDP":[71],"user":[72,81,111,119],"models":[73,82,112],"POMDPs,":[75],"evaluate":[77],"effects":[79],"POMDPs.":[89],"We":[90],"experimentally":[91],"show":[92],"that":[93],"strategies":[95,107],"POMDPs":[98],"perform":[99],"better":[100],"than":[101],"those":[102],"MDPs,":[104],"poor":[110],"fail":[113],"severely":[114],"when":[115],"tested":[116],"different":[118],"models.":[120],"This":[121],"paper":[122],"further":[123],"investigates":[124],"evaluation":[126],"methods":[127],"for":[128,140],"strategies,":[130],"proposes":[132],"method":[134],"based":[135],"bias-variance":[138],"analysis":[139],"reliably":[141],"estimating":[142],"performance.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
