{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001458616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2050513","title":"Data Balancing for Efficient Training of Hybrid ANN/HMM Automatic Speech Recognition Systems","display_name":"Data Balancing for Efficient Training of Hybrid ANN/HMM Automatic Speech Recognition Systems","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001458616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2050513","mag":"2001458616"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2010.2050513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2050513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10016/13074","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004131125","display_name":"Ana I. Garc\u00eda-Moral","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ana Isabel Garcia-Moral","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","Signal Process. & Commun. Dept., Univ. Carlos III of Madrid, Legane\u0301s, Spain#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Process. & Commun. Dept., Univ. Carlos III of Madrid, Legane\u0301s, Spain#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072707927","display_name":"Rub\u00e9n Solera-Ure\u00f1a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-9000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rub\u00e9n Solera-Urena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","Signal Process. & Commun. Dept., Univ. Carlos III of Madrid, Legane\u0301s, Spain#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Process. & Commun. Dept., Univ. Carlos III of Madrid, Legane\u0301s, Spain#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090068120","display_name":"Carmen Pel\u00e1ez-Moreno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-6763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmen Pelaez-Moreno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","Signal Process. & Commun. Dept., Univ. Carlos III of Madrid, Legane\u0301s, Spain#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Process. & Commun. Dept., Univ. Carlos III of Madrid, Legane\u0301s, Spain#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077061691","display_name":"Fernando D\u00edaz-de-Mar\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6437-914X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Diaz-de-Maria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","Signal Process. & Commun. Dept., Univ. Carlos III of Madrid, Legane\u0301s, Spain#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing and Communications Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Process. & Commun. Dept., Univ. Carlos III of Madrid, Legane\u0301s, Spain#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004131125"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.787,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90834117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"3","first_page":"468","last_page":"481"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.7519599199295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.7145864367485046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6513963937759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.528135359287262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43007487058639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3534436821937561}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.7519599199295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.7145864367485046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6513963937759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.528135359287262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43007487058639526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3534436821937561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2010.2050513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2010.2050513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:earchivo____::520f2baf03696c9d4c9bedaa94562883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10016/13074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dnet:earchivo____::520f2baf03696c9d4c9bedaa94562883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10016/13074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323770","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56593604","https://openalex.org/W85350352","https://openalex.org/W169052826","https://openalex.org/W177307080","https://openalex.org/W811578723","https://openalex.org/W1482797586","https://openalex.org/W1486143877","https://openalex.org/W1494610871","https://openalex.org/W1495019370","https://openalex.org/W1506588750","https://openalex.org/W1510384139","https://openalex.org/W1520984722","https://openalex.org/W1553004968","https://openalex.org/W1561613409","https://openalex.org/W1563938718","https://openalex.org/W1575220558","https://openalex.org/W1594921063","https://openalex.org/W1706091990","https://openalex.org/W1841961279","https://openalex.org/W1857406894","https://openalex.org/W1872566306","https://openalex.org/W1973715014","https://openalex.org/W1976524151","https://openalex.org/W1993220166","https://openalex.org/W2005717082","https://openalex.org/W2011376672","https://openalex.org/W2023639956","https://openalex.org/W2032020816","https://openalex.org/W2040118574","https://openalex.org/W2045563462","https://openalex.org/W2053724458","https://openalex.org/W2071489795","https://openalex.org/W2073830264","https://openalex.org/W2080005694","https://openalex.org/W2095629250","https://openalex.org/W2096945460","https://openalex.org/W2097965598","https://openalex.org/W2098893911","https://openalex.org/W2104167780","https://openalex.org/W2107632788","https://openalex.org/W2111702745","https://openalex.org/W2116282824","https://openalex.org/W2119191234","https://openalex.org/W2123458540","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2125038697","https://openalex.org/W2131385129","https://openalex.org/W2137644731","https://openalex.org/W2146197305","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2148712804","https://openalex.org/W2151231072","https://openalex.org/W2155059851","https://openalex.org/W2161391345","https://openalex.org/W2166259874","https://openalex.org/W2169189000","https://openalex.org/W2279516409","https://openalex.org/W2492928155","https://openalex.org/W2496400288","https://openalex.org/W2500385585","https://openalex.org/W2505188246","https://openalex.org/W2793863914","https://openalex.org/W2979832949","https://openalex.org/W4234016251","https://openalex.org/W6603460400","https://openalex.org/W6607143959","https://openalex.org/W6629058820","https://openalex.org/W6629384995","https://openalex.org/W6630208708","https://openalex.org/W6631222439","https://openalex.org/W6634158883","https://openalex.org/W6639074029","https://openalex.org/W6676694105","https://openalex.org/W6681769219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3128571556","https://openalex.org/W2100982643","https://openalex.org/W2066106687","https://openalex.org/W2539985974","https://openalex.org/W2374918184","https://openalex.org/W2023185280","https://openalex.org/W4301681594","https://openalex.org/W2160799648","https://openalex.org/W1548481688","https://openalex.org/W2963474932"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"speech":[1,68],"recognizers,":[2],"where":[3],"the":[4,7,11,37,45,53,57,61,64,75,80,89,108,116,127,136,139,142,149,158],"estimation":[5],"of":[6,10,13,52,63,67,82,118,138,141,148,157],"emission":[8],"pdf":[9],"states":[12],"hidden":[14],"Markov":[15],"models":[16,24],"(HMMs),":[17],"usually":[18],"carried":[19],"out":[20,74],"using":[21],"Gaussian":[22],"mixture":[23],"(GMMs),":[25],"is":[26,122],"substituted":[27],"by":[28,135],"artificial":[29],"neural":[30],"networks":[31],"(ANNs)":[32],"have":[33],"several":[34],"advantages":[35],"over":[36],"classical":[38],"systems.":[39],"However,":[40,115],"to":[41,55,101,162],"obtain":[42],"performance":[43],"improvements,":[44],"computational":[46],"requirements":[47],"are":[48],"heavily":[49],"increased":[50],"because":[51],"need":[54,161],"train":[56],"ANN.":[58],"Departing":[59],"from":[60],"observation":[62],"remarkable":[65],"skewness":[66],"data,":[69,144],"this":[70,87,168],"paper":[71],"proposes":[72],"sifting":[73],"training":[76,90,130,143],"set":[77],"and":[78,131,154],"balancing":[79],"amount":[81],"samples":[83],"per":[84],"class.":[85],"With":[86],"method,":[88],"time":[91],"has":[92],"been":[93],"reduced":[94,120],"18":[95],"times":[96],"while":[97],"obtaining":[98],"performances":[99],"similar":[100],"or":[102],"even":[103],"better":[104],"than":[105],"those":[106],"with":[107],"whole":[109],"database,":[110],"especially":[111],"in":[112,167],"noisy":[113],"environments.":[114],"application":[117],"these":[119],"sets":[121],"not":[123],"straightforward.":[124],"To":[125],"avoid":[126],"mismatch":[128],"between":[129],"testing":[132],"conditions":[133],"created":[134],"modification":[137],"distribution":[140],"a":[145,150,155],"proper":[146],"scaling":[147],"posteriori":[151],"probabilities":[152],"obtained":[153],"resizing":[156],"context":[159],"window":[160],"be":[163],"performed":[164],"as":[165],"demonstrated":[166],"paper.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
