{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2155004026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2032618","title":"Maximum Entropy-Based Reinforcement Learning Using a Confidence Measure in Speech Recognition for Telephone Speech","display_name":"Maximum Entropy-Based Reinforcement Learning Using a Confidence Measure in Speech Recognition for Telephone Speech","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2155004026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2032618","mag":"2155004026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2009.2032618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2032618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3228907","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052421248","display_name":"Carlos Molina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7281-3065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Molina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029824436","display_name":"N\u00e9stor Becerra Yoma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3052-4687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nestor Becerra Yoma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067731652","display_name":"Fernando Huenup\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8145-0251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Huenup\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027419576","display_name":"Claudio Garret\u00f3n","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Garret\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055118748","display_name":"Jorge Wuth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69737025","display_name":"University of Chile","ror":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Wuth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69737025"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0792,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79472649,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"5","first_page":"1041","last_page":"1052"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6770316362380981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5591449737548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5532054901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viterbi-algorithm","display_name":"Viterbi algorithm","score":0.48750659823417664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viterbi-decoder","display_name":"Viterbi decoder","score":0.48059698939323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4768418073654175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.41612082719802856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4007498323917389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.2985195517539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2632175087928772}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6770316362380981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5591449737548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5532054901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60582962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83886","display_name":"Viterbi algorithm","level":3,"score":0.48750659823417664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117379686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6996459","display_name":"Viterbi decoder","level":3,"score":0.48059698939323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4768418073654175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.41612082719802856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4007498323917389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.2985195517539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2632175087928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2009.2032618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2032618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:americanae.aecid.es:3228907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3228907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400786","display_name":"Americanae (AECID Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH, AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:americanae.aecid.es:3229642","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3229642","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400786","display_name":"Americanae (AECID Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH, AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:localhost:10533/144282","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10533/144282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH, AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:localhost:10533/197895","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10533/197895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH, AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:americanae.aecid.es:3228907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3228907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400786","display_name":"Americanae (AECID Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH, AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1367335","https://openalex.org/W102832445","https://openalex.org/W130324013","https://openalex.org/W134081589","https://openalex.org/W137495668","https://openalex.org/W147396088","https://openalex.org/W254166623","https://openalex.org/W1520311463","https://openalex.org/W1549300081","https://openalex.org/W1566056932","https://openalex.org/W1579838312","https://openalex.org/W1596940414","https://openalex.org/W1599610710","https://openalex.org/W1630138364","https://openalex.org/W1823291590","https://openalex.org/W1825623823","https://openalex.org/W1837278204","https://openalex.org/W1932968309","https://openalex.org/W1967708238","https://openalex.org/W1990005421","https://openalex.org/W2038128936","https://openalex.org/W2056933203","https://openalex.org/W2096175520","https://openalex.org/W2110882171","https://openalex.org/W2111612810","https://openalex.org/W2114863652","https://openalex.org/W2115568091","https://openalex.org/W2124707525","https://openalex.org/W2129334286","https://openalex.org/W2130799511","https://openalex.org/W2133941891","https://openalex.org/W2134659216","https://openalex.org/W2138047681","https://openalex.org/W2138534187","https://openalex.org/W2139246688","https://openalex.org/W2141782353","https://openalex.org/W2146871184","https://openalex.org/W2148017020","https://openalex.org/W2149175990","https://openalex.org/W2151321137","https://openalex.org/W2158275940","https://openalex.org/W2164931619","https://openalex.org/W2169014310","https://openalex.org/W2169159119","https://openalex.org/W2544977163","https://openalex.org/W2594610113","https://openalex.org/W2898916015","https://openalex.org/W4206316875","https://openalex.org/W4237033331","https://openalex.org/W6604150610","https://openalex.org/W6605298800","https://openalex.org/W6605612388","https://openalex.org/W6631301149","https://openalex.org/W6633181511","https://openalex.org/W6633644585","https://openalex.org/W6674650171","https://openalex.org/W6679446661","https://openalex.org/W6679825567","https://openalex.org/W6681717362","https://openalex.org/W6682263787","https://openalex.org/W7043849673"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321142006","https://openalex.org/W2119732941","https://openalex.org/W2374292458","https://openalex.org/W3012243213","https://openalex.org/W2286748642","https://openalex.org/W2036605862","https://openalex.org/W583516322","https://openalex.org/W1517386993","https://openalex.org/W164170074","https://openalex.org/W2355553190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,85,200],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,36,56,134,147],"novel":[4],"confidence-based":[5,212],"reinforcement":[6],"learning":[7],"(RL)":[8],"scheme":[9],"to":[10,15,78,100,145,173,194,202,233,237],"correct":[11],"observation":[12,41],"log-likelihoods":[13,42],"and":[14,47,130,170,183,191,206,236],"address":[16],"the":[17,40,45,62,66,72,80,94,102,107,117,126,131,187,196,211,218,226],"problem":[18],"of":[19,120,133,150],"unsupervised":[20],"compensation":[21,205,235],"with":[22],"limited":[23],"estimation":[24],"data":[25],"is":[26,32,114,156,231],"proposed.":[27],"A":[28,137],"two-step":[29],"Viterbi":[30,74,96],"decoding":[31,75,97],"presented":[33,228],"which":[34],"estimates":[35],"correction":[37],"factor":[38],"for":[39],"that":[43],"makes":[44],"recognized":[46,88],"neighboring":[48,83],"HMMs":[49],"more":[50],"or":[51,123,152],"less":[52],"likely":[53],"by":[54,65],"using":[55],"confidence":[57,70,92,135],"score.":[58],"If":[59],"regions":[60,89],"in":[61,176,217,225],"output":[63,104],"delivered":[64],"recognizer":[67],"exhibit":[68,90],"low":[69],"scores,":[71,93],"second":[73,95],"will":[76,98],"tend":[77,99],"focus":[79],"search":[81],"on":[82,140,186],"models.":[84],"contrast,":[86],"if":[87],"high":[91],"retain":[101],"recognition":[103],"obtained":[105],"at":[106],"first":[108],"step.":[109],"The":[110,159],"proposed":[111,197],"RL":[112,198,213],"mechanism":[113],"modeled":[115],"as":[116,165,167,223],"linear":[118,148],"combination":[119,149],"two":[121],"metrics":[122,151],"information":[124,153],"sources:":[125],"acoustic":[127],"model":[128,207,238],"log-likelihood":[129,220],"logarithm":[132],"metric.":[136],"criterion":[138],"based":[139],"incremental":[141],"conditional":[142],"entropy":[143],"maximization":[144],"optimize":[146,195],"sources":[154],"online":[155],"also":[157],"presented.":[158],"method":[160,192,214],"requires":[161],"only":[162],"one":[163],"utterance,":[164],"short":[166],"0.7":[168],"s,":[169],"can":[171],"lead":[172],"significant":[174],"reductions":[175],"word":[177],"error":[178],"rate":[179],"(WER)":[180],"between":[181],"3%":[182],"18%,":[184],"depending":[185],"task,":[188],"training-testing":[189],"conditions,":[190],"used":[193],"scheme.":[199],"contrast":[201],"ordinary":[203],"feature":[204,234],"parameter":[208],"adaptation":[209,239],"methods,":[210],"takes":[215],"place":[216],"frame":[219],"domain.":[221],"Consequently,":[222],"shown":[224],"results":[227],"here,":[229],"it":[230],"complementary":[232],"techniques.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
