{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130841166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2023165","title":"Music Tempo Estimation With $k$-NN Regression","display_name":"Music Tempo Estimation With $k$-NN Regression","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130841166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2023165","mag":"2130841166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2009.2023165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2023165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076376566","display_name":"Antti Eronen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738502077","display_name":"Nokia (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pkc8m17","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A.J. Eronen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Research Center, Tampere, Finland","Nokia Res. Center, Tampere, Finland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Research Center, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Res. Center, Tampere, Finland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035987859","display_name":"Anssi Klapuri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150589677","display_name":"Tampere University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00bwtjf83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150589677"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.P. Klapuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland","Dept. of Signal Process., Tampere Univ. of Technol., Tampere, , Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Signal Process., Tampere Univ. of Technol., Tampere, , Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150589677"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076376566"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3565,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95954907,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"50","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11349","display_name":"Music Technology and Sound Studies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autocorrelation","display_name":"Autocorrelation","score":0.6404237151145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","score":0.6332076191902161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5932829976081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resampling","display_name":"Resampling","score":0.5681610107421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.5405752658843994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.5352981686592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.52496737241745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48470473289489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.470379501581192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4519290328025818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4488707184791565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4426953196525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.43639686703681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.43171238899230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.33170443773269653}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5297727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970","display_name":"Autocorrelation","level":2,"score":0.6404237151145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776756274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6332076191902161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5932829976081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150921843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1170431","display_name":"Resampling","level":2,"score":0.5681610107421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.5405752658843994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5352981686592102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.52496737241745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48470473289489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.470379501581192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4519290328025818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4488707184791565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4426953196525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.43639686703681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.43171238899230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.33170443773269653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tasl.2009.2023165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2009.2023165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199497470","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing","issn_l":"1558-7916","issn":["1558-7916","1558-7924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.338.1803","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.338.1803","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W178418312","https://openalex.org/W190062919","https://openalex.org/W1008595504","https://openalex.org/W1487141014","https://openalex.org/W1604263501","https://openalex.org/W1606453754","https://openalex.org/W1689445748","https://openalex.org/W1932968309","https://openalex.org/W1980674027","https://openalex.org/W1999528110","https://openalex.org/W1999949665","https://openalex.org/W2023723978","https://openalex.org/W2031396843","https://openalex.org/W2052872069","https://openalex.org/W2061457313","https://openalex.org/W2067063915","https://openalex.org/W2101248405","https://openalex.org/W2110403391","https://openalex.org/W2110644015","https://openalex.org/W2112630930","https://openalex.org/W2117330939","https://openalex.org/W2141628940","https://openalex.org/W2143925436","https://openalex.org/W2149095746","https://openalex.org/W2155764689","https://openalex.org/W2161219475","https://openalex.org/W2167455298","https://openalex.org/W2171429625","https://openalex.org/W2401553213","https://openalex.org/W3134246028","https://openalex.org/W6607212386","https://openalex.org/W6629173491","https://openalex.org/W6676437873","https://openalex.org/W6676956424","https://openalex.org/W6712988456","https://openalex.org/W7020647064"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2146076056","https://openalex.org/W1966462232","https://openalex.org/W2883887418","https://openalex.org/W3021364800","https://openalex.org/W2371691720","https://openalex.org/W4253950112","https://openalex.org/W2042649591","https://openalex.org/W2126100045","https://openalex.org/W2111363136","https://openalex.org/W1971883561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"approach":[1],"for":[2],"tempo":[3,10,34,61,96,119],"estimation":[4,62,120],"from":[5],"musical":[6,24],"pieces":[7],"with":[8],"near-constant":[9],"is":[11,52,98],"proposed.":[12,45],"The":[13,46,95],"method":[14,93,115],"consists":[15],"of":[16,23,29,48,91,104],"three":[17,123],"main":[18],"steps:":[19],"measuring":[20],"the":[21,41,49,55,83,89,92,105,113],"degree":[22],"accent":[25,37,50],"as":[26,100],"a":[27,72,101],"function":[28],"time,":[30],"periodicity":[31,47,79],"analysis,":[32],"and":[33],"estimation.":[35],"Novel":[36],"features":[38],"based":[39],"on":[40],"chroma":[42],"representation":[43],"are":[44],"signal":[51],"measured":[53],"using":[54,63],"generalized":[56],"autocorrelation":[57],"function,":[58],"followed":[59],"by":[60],"<i":[64],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[65],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">k</i>":[66],"-Nearest":[67],"Neighbor":[68],"regression.":[69],"We":[70],"propose":[71],"resampling":[73],"step":[74,87],"applied":[75],"to":[76],"an":[77],"unknown":[78],"vector":[80],"before":[81],"finding":[82],"nearest":[84,106],"neighbors.":[85],"This":[86],"improves":[88],"performance":[90],"significantly.":[94],"estimate":[97],"computed":[99],"distance-weighted":[102],"median":[103],"neighbor":[107],"tempi.":[108],"Experimental":[109],"results":[110],"show":[111],"that":[112],"proposed":[114],"provides":[116],"significantly":[117],"better":[118],"accuracies":[121],"than":[122],"reference":[124],"methods.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}