{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410949483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2025.3575171","title":"Two-Echelon Arc Routing Problem With Drones in Traffic Patrol","display_name":"Two-Echelon Arc Routing Problem With Drones in Traffic Patrol","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410949483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2025.3575171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2025.3575171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2025.3575171","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074394751","display_name":"Jiaqi Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082910181","display_name":"Tianjun Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-8781"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianjun Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030897972","display_name":"Guohua Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1552-9620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guohua Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083031104","display_name":"Zhongqiang Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0901-392X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongqiang Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","School of Management, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087661689","display_name":"Jianmai Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2017-4019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianmai Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of System Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of System Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074394751"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4625,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82884851,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"17170","last_page":"17188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arc-routing","display_name":"Arc routing","score":0.7700551748275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.6896902322769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.640440821647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4719209671020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arc","display_name":"Arc (geometry)","score":0.4427068531513214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3808388113975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.368763267993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.35883674025535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3511987328529358}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778536092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785038","display_name":"Arc routing","level":3,"score":0.7700551748275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.6896902322769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.640440821647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4719209671020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83415579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161973","display_name":"Arc (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4427068531513214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3808388113975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.368763267993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.35883674025535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3511987328529358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2025.3575171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2025.3575171","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4746972936","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62373380","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8750629431","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022ZZTS0658","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335880","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335880","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90049316","https://openalex.org/W1977319619","https://openalex.org/W1987797310","https://openalex.org/W2006140965","https://openalex.org/W2039011874","https://openalex.org/W2082593294","https://openalex.org/W2141119792","https://openalex.org/W2471190594","https://openalex.org/W2516530272","https://openalex.org/W2614710425","https://openalex.org/W2796596851","https://openalex.org/W2805028331","https://openalex.org/W2897098291","https://openalex.org/W2898315333","https://openalex.org/W2907229754","https://openalex.org/W2915338839","https://openalex.org/W2927378423","https://openalex.org/W2967986802","https://openalex.org/W2974075905","https://openalex.org/W2980631912","https://openalex.org/W2989768175","https://openalex.org/W2998391831","https://openalex.org/W3010476620","https://openalex.org/W3040363661","https://openalex.org/W3096364569","https://openalex.org/W3113075130","https://openalex.org/W3125377832","https://openalex.org/W3135134143","https://openalex.org/W3161165561","https://openalex.org/W3162944771","https://openalex.org/W3179807675","https://openalex.org/W3216846761","https://openalex.org/W4210344377","https://openalex.org/W4211174428","https://openalex.org/W4249170171","https://openalex.org/W4280545495","https://openalex.org/W4285296730","https://openalex.org/W4293499165","https://openalex.org/W4296935095","https://openalex.org/W4308175318","https://openalex.org/W4315489741","https://openalex.org/W4366132000","https://openalex.org/W4378419157","https://openalex.org/W4385189343","https://openalex.org/W4396915631","https://openalex.org/W4396919365","https://openalex.org/W4399842762","https://openalex.org/W4401327244","https://openalex.org/W4401548012","https://openalex.org/W4401644320","https://openalex.org/W4403863377","https://openalex.org/W6862755149","https://openalex.org/W6866207760"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W2059768187","https://openalex.org/W4312858960","https://openalex.org/W3089258357","https://openalex.org/W4243384718","https://openalex.org/W1644076281","https://openalex.org/W2075582476","https://openalex.org/W3084598562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"patrolling":[1,65],"methods":[2],"relying":[3],"on":[4,200,230],"ground":[5],"vehicles":[6],"or":[7],"fixed":[8,26],"cameras":[9],"are":[10,209,216,262,307],"insufficient":[11],"in":[12,17,54,312],"adapting":[13],"to":[14,21,58,91,115,148,157,186,250,264,284,287,309],"dynamic":[15],"changes":[16],"traffic":[18,32,64],"flow":[19],"due":[20],"their":[22],"limited":[23],"mobility":[24],"and":[25,51,72,89,110,145,163,171,194,296,299],"positions,":[27],"especially":[28],"during":[29],"emergencies":[30],"like":[31],"accidents":[33],"occur.":[34],"In":[35,218],"this":[36],"paper,":[37],"we":[38,159],"investigate":[39],"a":[40,55,128,161,192,221,252,279],"new":[41],"Truck-Drone":[42,118],"collaborative":[43,56],"Traffic":[44],"Patrolling":[45],"(TDTP)":[46],"mode,":[47],"where":[48],"multiple":[49,108,195],"trucks":[50,75,88,109,144],"drones":[52,90],"work":[53],"manner":[57],"enhance":[59],"the":[60,80,102,117,125,134,138,149,182,204,213,231,266,269,288,294],"efficiency":[61],"of":[62,99,107,136,142,151,155,184,256,268,282],"performing":[63],"tasks.":[66],"The":[67,272],"drone":[68],"can":[69],"be":[70],"launched":[71],"recovered":[73],"by":[74],"at":[76],"certain":[77],"points":[78],"along":[79],"truck":[81,193],"route,":[82],"making":[83,313],"it":[84],"possible":[85],"for":[86,178,203],"both":[87],"perform":[92],"patrol":[93,140],"tasks":[94,185],"simultaneously.":[95],"A":[96],"crucial":[97],"aspect":[98],"TDTP":[100],"is":[101,113,227,245],"coordinated":[103],"arc":[104],"routing":[105],"scheduling":[106,254],"drones,":[111,196],"which":[112,291],"referred":[114],"as":[116,127],"Arc":[119,175],"Routing":[120,176],"Problem":[121],"(TD-ARP).":[122],"We":[123],"formulate":[124],"TD-ARP":[126,156],"mixed-integer":[129],"linear":[130],"programming":[131],"model":[132],"with":[133,241],"objective":[135],"minimizing":[137],"total":[139],"time":[141],"all":[143],"drones.":[146],"Due":[147],"difficulty":[150],"solving":[152],"large":[153],"instances":[154],"optimality,":[158],"construct":[160],"divide":[162,295],"conquer":[164,297],"based":[165],"framework":[166,298],"TA-TDAR":[167],"(Task":[168],"Allocation":[169,223],"phase":[170,249],"Truck":[172],"Drone":[173],"fleet":[174],"phase)":[177],"TD-ARP.":[179],"TA":[180,219],"involves":[181],"assignment":[183],"different":[187],"truck-drone":[188,205,258],"fleets,":[189],"each":[190,257],"comprising":[191],"while":[197],"TDAR":[198,248],"focuses":[199],"path":[201],"planning":[202],"fleets.":[206],"Two":[207],"phases":[208],"iteratively":[210],"performed":[211],"until":[212],"stopping":[214],"criteria":[215],"met.":[217],"phase,":[220],"Task":[222],"Heuristic":[224],"method":[225,277],"(TAH)":[226],"designed.":[228],"Based":[229],"task":[232],"allocation":[233],"results,":[234],"an":[235],"Adaptive":[236],"Large":[237],"Neighborhood":[238],"Search":[239,243],"algorithm":[240],"Local":[242],"(ALNSLS)":[244],"embedded":[246],"into":[247],"achieve":[251],"satisfactory":[253],"scheme":[255],"fleet.":[259],"Extensive":[260],"experiments":[261],"conducted":[263],"validate":[265],"superiority":[267],"proposed":[270],"TAH-ALNSLS.":[271],"results":[273],"show":[274],"that":[275],"our":[276],"has":[278],"potential":[280],"improvement":[281],"up":[283],"40%":[285],"compared":[286],"comparison":[289],"methods,":[290],"stems":[292],"from":[293],"problem":[300],"specific":[301],"operators.":[302],"Furthermore,":[303],"several":[304],"management":[305],"implications":[306],"provided":[308],"assist":[310],"practitioners":[311],"efficient":[314],"decisions.":[315]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
