{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405178908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3497952","title":"The Impact of Two Scheduling Windows on Outpatient Management for a Clinic Charging Optional Appointment Fees With Patient No-Shows","display_name":"The Impact of Two Scheduling Windows on Outpatient Management for a Clinic Charging Optional Appointment Fees With Patient No-Shows","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405178908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3497952"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2024.3497952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3497952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ying Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7969-3740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37574244","display_name":"Sichuan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0388c3403","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7969-3740","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101212808","display_name":"Li Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8859-8272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048198280","display_name":"Bernard T. Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5218-2318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard T. Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Haworth College of Business, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5218-2318","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haworth College of Business, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101359541","display_name":"Xiaoli He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoli He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Outpatient Department, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Outpatient Department, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040732722","display_name":"Zhi Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3124-0125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Outpatient Department, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Outpatient Department, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036903024","display_name":"Lu Gan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9062-5204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37574244","display_name":"Sichuan Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0388c3403","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Gan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37574244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6451,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74276611,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"9104","last_page":"9116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11773","display_name":"Healthcare Operations and Scheduling Optimization","score":0.9617999792098999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11773","display_name":"Healthcare Operations and Scheduling Optimization","score":0.9617999792098999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5728732943534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processor-scheduling","display_name":"Processor scheduling","score":0.4723972976207733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-shop-scheduling","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","score":0.4266775846481323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.3924523591995239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3810632526874542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.35895147919654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25541436672210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.24891218543052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.11903780698776245}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5728732943534851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984822820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123036","display_name":"Processor scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4723972976207733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4266775846481323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3924523591995239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3810632526874542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.35895147919654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25541436672210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.24891218543052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.11903780698776245}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2024.3497952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3497952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2324475954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72371176","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7734820179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFS0317","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","funder_display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8796229889","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72342014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8851033732","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72104165","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333335","display_name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550553906","https://openalex.org/W1579385792","https://openalex.org/W1979654803","https://openalex.org/W1990838262","https://openalex.org/W2007261666","https://openalex.org/W2014484497","https://openalex.org/W2020300476","https://openalex.org/W2023159070","https://openalex.org/W2028205314","https://openalex.org/W2053389159","https://openalex.org/W2057389873","https://openalex.org/W2060362468","https://openalex.org/W2062897468","https://openalex.org/W2075548855","https://openalex.org/W2078724364","https://openalex.org/W2088250540","https://openalex.org/W2108197659","https://openalex.org/W2126521023","https://openalex.org/W2136045407","https://openalex.org/W2154693442","https://openalex.org/W2154785234","https://openalex.org/W2472113677","https://openalex.org/W2606661381","https://openalex.org/W2763188998","https://openalex.org/W2770831930","https://openalex.org/W2789459036","https://openalex.org/W2791071944","https://openalex.org/W2801319970","https://openalex.org/W2883487250","https://openalex.org/W2890182194","https://openalex.org/W2904285679","https://openalex.org/W2918304189","https://openalex.org/W2918928237","https://openalex.org/W2944018182","https://openalex.org/W3022635711","https://openalex.org/W3047266537","https://openalex.org/W3107384165","https://openalex.org/W3126064780","https://openalex.org/W3134260809","https://openalex.org/W3158484449","https://openalex.org/W3177021290","https://openalex.org/W4200408198","https://openalex.org/W4280516887","https://openalex.org/W4362554402","https://openalex.org/W4386432074","https://openalex.org/W4391030999","https://openalex.org/W4392007387","https://openalex.org/W6789911610","https://openalex.org/W6873234493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204654320","https://openalex.org/W2128410848","https://openalex.org/W2118368532","https://openalex.org/W2102390841","https://openalex.org/W3047653192","https://openalex.org/W2096289371","https://openalex.org/W2126232624","https://openalex.org/W2434525066","https://openalex.org/W3140149227","https://openalex.org/W2946406471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,190],"efficiency":[1],"of":[2,59,158,179,260,370],"outpatient":[3,183,247,261,381],"care":[4],"deeply":[5],"affects":[6],"patient":[7,34,116,197,215,229,235,255,324],"services":[8],"in":[9,25,181],"all":[10],"downstream":[11],"departments":[12],"within":[13],"a":[14,294,301],"hospital.":[15],"West":[16,186],"China":[17,187],"Hospital":[18,188],"(WCH)":[19],"is":[20],"the":[21,39,57,64,73,94,111,177,182,233,258,289,297,319,359,364],"largest":[22],"public":[23],"hospital":[24],"Southwest":[26],"China.":[27],"Nevertheless,":[28],"WCH":[29,36,77,126,147,237,249,263,334],"still":[30,251],"experienced":[31,252],"relatively":[32,253],"high":[33,234,254],"no-shows.":[35,230,256],"offered":[37],"patients":[38,84,269],"option":[40,267,299],"to":[41,45,48,55,69,109,171,195,210,227,232,270,277,283,317],"prepay":[42,89,271],"appointment":[43,95,135,240,272,344],"fees":[44,62,273],"motivate":[46,275],"them":[47,144,276,352],"keep":[49],"scheduled":[50],"appointments.":[51,279],"This":[52,218,280],"study":[53,123,331],"aims":[54,282],"investigate":[56],"impacts":[58],"optional":[60,134,343],"application":[61],"on":[63,86],"scheduling":[65,74,80,202],"system":[66,295,302,365],"and,":[67],"specifically,":[68],"gain":[70],"insights":[71],"into":[72],"policy:":[75],"Should":[76],"use":[78,128],"different":[79,130,222,339],"windows":[81],"(SWs)":[82],"for":[83,114,168,246,268,322,380],"depending":[85],"whether":[87],"they":[88],"or":[90,120,328],"do":[91],"not":[92],"pay":[93],"fee?":[96],"We":[97,305,346],"developed":[98,306],"an":[99,156,266,307,368],"<inline-formula":[100,308],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[101,309],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[102,310],"<tex-math":[103,311],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$M/M":[104,312],"/1/N$":[105,313],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[106,314],"queueing":[107,315],"model":[108,316],"determine":[110,318],"optimal":[112,164,320,376],"SWs":[113,131,165,223,321,340,377],"two":[115,129,163,191,323,338,375],"types":[117,325],"-":[118,326],"prepaid":[119,298,327],"unpaid.":[121,329],"Our":[122,330],"shows":[124,332,362],"that":[125,152,333,363],"should":[127,224,335],"when":[132,341],"adopting":[133],"fees.":[136,345],"Furthermore,":[137],"we":[138],"derived":[139,347],"theoretical":[140,348],"findings":[141,349],"and":[142,201,213,300,350],"validated":[143,351],"using":[145,242,337,353],"actual":[146,354],"data.":[148],"Empirical":[149],"results":[150],"show":[151],"there":[153],"could":[154,274,366],"be":[155,225],"average":[157,369],"20%":[159,371],"cost":[160,291,372],"savings":[161,373],"if":[162,221,265,374],"are":[166,199,378],"used":[167,226,379],"scheduling.":[169,248,382],"Note":[170],"Practitioners\u2014This":[172],"paper":[173,219,281],"was":[174],"motivated":[175],"by":[176,287],"problem":[178],"no-shows":[180,198],"department":[184],"at":[185],"(WCH).":[189],"most":[192],"common":[193,244],"approaches":[194],"mitigating":[196],"overbooking":[200,207],"window":[203],"(SW).":[204],"However,":[205],"excessive":[206],"may":[208],"lead":[209],"physician":[211],"overtime":[212],"long":[214],"wait":[216],"time.":[217],"examined":[220],"reduce":[228],"Due":[231],"demand,":[236],"provided":[238],"multiple":[239],"channels,":[241],"one":[243],"SW,":[245],"yet":[250],"For":[257],"curiosity":[259],"management,":[262],"considered":[264],"attend":[278],"answer":[284],"WCH\u2019s":[285],"questions":[286],"examining":[288],"overall":[290],"differences":[292],"between":[293],"with":[296],"without":[303],"it.":[304],"consider":[336],"charging":[342],"data":[355],"from":[356],"WCH.":[357],"Moreover,":[358],"empirical":[360],"analysis":[361],"achieve":[367]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
