{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402891860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3460173","title":"Control-Oriented Modeling, Simulation, and Predictive Control of District Heating Networks","display_name":"Control-Oriented Modeling, Simulation, and Predictive Control of District Heating Networks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402891860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3460173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2024.3460173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3460173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3460173","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114231545","display_name":"Lorenzo Nigro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Nigro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041819485","display_name":"Alessio La Bella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6359-1694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessio La Bella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024203262","display_name":"Francesco Casella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4509-0711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Casella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010643637","display_name":"Riccardo Scattolini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1804-9921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo Scattolini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114231545"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6499,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6954663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"7064","last_page":"7079"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9587000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9587000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.7435871958732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5894239544868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.460128515958786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4353374242782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.40377897024154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3460710942745209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10691359639167786}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.7435871958732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5894239544868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.460128515958786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4353374242782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.40377897024154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3460710942745209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10691359639167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2024.3460173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3460173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1275346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1275346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2024.3460173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2024.3460173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489201815","https://openalex.org/W1574988766","https://openalex.org/W1972270549","https://openalex.org/W1977985274","https://openalex.org/W1979276453","https://openalex.org/W1996058353","https://openalex.org/W2020955378","https://openalex.org/W2115459410","https://openalex.org/W2123871098","https://openalex.org/W2401646463","https://openalex.org/W2465334899","https://openalex.org/W2528152247","https://openalex.org/W2568658545","https://openalex.org/W2576916577","https://openalex.org/W2602130111","https://openalex.org/W2842089854","https://openalex.org/W2899764318","https://openalex.org/W2903269512","https://openalex.org/W2921368841","https://openalex.org/W2971343580","https://openalex.org/W3008104091","https://openalex.org/W3021996329","https://openalex.org/W3081242207","https://openalex.org/W3086535235","https://openalex.org/W3105860145","https://openalex.org/W3118987800","https://openalex.org/W3119239736","https://openalex.org/W3132323265","https://openalex.org/W3166644430","https://openalex.org/W3168259896","https://openalex.org/W3209522611","https://openalex.org/W4200189961","https://openalex.org/W4236076921","https://openalex.org/W4280638960","https://openalex.org/W4281641358","https://openalex.org/W4285135435","https://openalex.org/W4311597871","https://openalex.org/W4315471922","https://openalex.org/W4315641414","https://openalex.org/W4362469353","https://openalex.org/W4367042864","https://openalex.org/W4386766866","https://openalex.org/W4388903936","https://openalex.org/W4390848096","https://openalex.org/W4391454582","https://openalex.org/W4400946459","https://openalex.org/W6611693355","https://openalex.org/W6980640411"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2556120871","https://openalex.org/W48160925","https://openalex.org/W2615607975","https://openalex.org/W2355865573","https://openalex.org/W2155981143","https://openalex.org/W2155245395","https://openalex.org/W2378193534","https://openalex.org/W2192101006","https://openalex.org/W2116800748","https://openalex.org/W2638730922"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"District":[0],"heating":[1,16,158,194,213,263],"networks":[2,195,214],"(DHNs)":[3],"are":[4,45,147],"recognized":[5],"as":[6,152],"pivotal":[7],"infrastructures":[8],"to":[9,28,88,186,276,282],"reduce":[10],"the":[11,15,23,59,68,97,225,229,292,326,335,341,352,359],"carbon":[12],"footprint":[13],"of":[14,61,177,191,224,231,330,354,361],"sector.":[17],"However,":[18],"their":[19,32,198],"large-scale":[20],"dimension":[21,188],"and":[22,34,51,76,134,144,182,189,201,217,228,280,350],"involved":[24],"nonlinear":[25,125],"dynamics":[26,71],"lead":[27],"significant":[29],"issues":[30],"regarding":[31],"modeling":[33,43,143],"optimal":[35,218,272,331,355],"control.":[36],"Tackling":[37],"these":[38],"challenges,":[39],"two":[40],"dynamic":[41,63],"DHN":[42,64,94,117,284,306,368],"frameworks":[44],"presented:":[46],"a":[47,52,90,111,115,124,154,209,245,304],"detailed":[48,222],"simulation":[49,56,91,150,216,247,302,323,348],"model":[50,57,85,118,126,242,256],"control-oriented":[53,116,255],"one.":[54],"The":[55,141,221,240,254,271,296,322],"allows":[58],"development":[60,360],"lightweight":[62,246],"simulators,":[65],"accurately":[66],"represents":[67],"main":[69],"system":[70],"in":[72,96,107,149,169,175,301,319],"reduced":[73],"computational":[74,180],"time,":[75],"is":[77,86,119,257,274,299],"well-suited":[78],"for":[79,93,113,122,211,238,265,358,366],"testing":[80],"online":[81,202],"control":[82,128,145,219,269,273,356,364],"algorithms.":[83],"This":[84,206],"leveraged":[87],"develop":[89],"library":[92],"systems":[95],"Modelica":[98],"environment,":[99],"named":[100],"DHN4Control,":[101],"freely":[102],"distributed":[103],"with":[104,244,334],"this":[105],"article":[106],"Nigro":[108,252],"(2023).":[109,253],"Then,":[110],"methodology":[112],"deriving":[114],"presented,":[120],"suitable":[121],"designing":[123],"predictive":[127],"(NMPC)":[129],"regulator,":[130],"ensuring":[131],"computationally":[132,266],"efficient":[133,215,267],"cost-effective":[135,367],"regulation":[136],"while":[137,287],"respecting":[138,288],"operative":[139],"constraints.":[140],"developed":[142,333],"methods":[146],"tested":[148,300],"considering":[151,303],"benchmark":[153],"Test":[155],"Facility":[156],"district":[157,193,212,262],"plant":[159,307],"located":[160],"at":[161,251,311],"Ricerca":[162,312],"sul":[163,313],"Sistema":[164,314],"Energetico":[165,315],"-":[166,316],"RSE":[167,317],"S.p.A.":[168],"Milan":[170,320],"(Italy),":[171],"showing":[172],"promising":[173],"results":[174,236,324],"terms":[176],"modelling":[178,226,357],"accuracy,":[179],"efficiency":[181],"energy":[183],"savings.":[184],"Note":[185],"Practitioners\u2014The":[187],"complexity":[190],"multi-producer":[192,261],"(DHN)":[196],"make":[197],"modeling,":[199],"simulation,":[200],"optimization":[203],"challenging":[204],"tasks.":[205],"work":[207],"proposes":[208],"solution":[210,298],"design.":[220,270],"explanations":[223],"equations":[227],"use":[230],"open":[232],"source":[233],"software":[234],"increase":[235],"replicability":[237],"practitioners.":[239],"simulation-oriented":[241],"comes":[243],"library,":[248],"readily":[249],"available":[250],"reusable":[258],"on":[259],"generic":[260],"networks,":[264],"optimization-based":[268],"able":[275],"manage":[277],"thermal":[278,294],"generators":[279],"storages":[281],"minimize":[283],"operational":[285,289],"costs":[286],"constraints":[290],"over":[291],"whole":[293],"network.":[295],"proposed":[297,336,342],"real-world":[305],"currently":[308],"under":[309],"construction":[310],"S.p.A":[318],"(Italy).":[321],"show":[325],"cost":[327],"saving":[328],"performances":[329],"controllers":[332],"model.":[337],"Overall,":[338],"by":[339],"using":[340],"solution,":[343],"one":[344],"can":[345],"achieve":[346],"faster":[347],"times":[349],"ease":[351],"burden":[353],"an":[362],"optimal-based":[363],"strategy":[365],"operation.":[369]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}