{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134870308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2010.2070065","title":"Least-Cost Transition Firing Sequence Estimation in Labeled Petri Nets With Unobservable Transitions","display_name":"Least-Cost Transition Firing Sequence Estimation in Labeled Petri Nets With Unobservable Transitions","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134870308","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2010.2070065","mag":"2134870308"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2010.2070065","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2010.2070065","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101586017","display_name":"Lingxi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-492X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lingxi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030551100","display_name":"Christoforos N. Hadjicostis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-708X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34771391","display_name":"University of Cyprus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qjrjx09","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}],"countries":["CY","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoforos N. Hadjicostis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coordinated Science Laboratory and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coordinated Science Laboratory and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101586017"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0501,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87198077,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"394","last_page":"403"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unobservable","display_name":"Unobservable","score":0.9603973031044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petri-net","display_name":"Petri net","score":0.8120615482330322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.7983038425445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subnet","display_name":"Subnet","score":0.6846610903739929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","score":0.5331401824951172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.43644940853118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41510167717933655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3629211485385895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.0802922248840332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.07962805032730103}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3799040","display_name":"Unobservable","level":2,"score":0.9603973031044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38677869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q724168","display_name":"Petri net","level":2,"score":0.8120615482330322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7983038425445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21099817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631721","display_name":"Subnet","level":2,"score":0.6846610903739929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606712","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5331401824951172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43644940853118896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41510167717933655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3629211485385895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.0802922248840332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.07962805032730103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tase.2010.2070065","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tase.2010.2070065","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S34881539","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1545-5955","issn":["1545-5955","1558-3783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.722.5024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.722.5024","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eng.ucy.ac.cy/hadjicostis/JournalPapers/j46.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W205362740","https://openalex.org/W634312912","https://openalex.org/W1527974694","https://openalex.org/W1531605720","https://openalex.org/W1553057651","https://openalex.org/W1587663028","https://openalex.org/W1990841058","https://openalex.org/W1995368368","https://openalex.org/W1996109622","https://openalex.org/W1997786913","https://openalex.org/W2022717959","https://openalex.org/W2041795078","https://openalex.org/W2044892885","https://openalex.org/W2044981168","https://openalex.org/W2063143284","https://openalex.org/W2099584921","https://openalex.org/W2103597368","https://openalex.org/W2111126894","https://openalex.org/W2111934067","https://openalex.org/W2113542088","https://openalex.org/W2114356561","https://openalex.org/W2124296044","https://openalex.org/W2129769374","https://openalex.org/W2131880594","https://openalex.org/W2140153029","https://openalex.org/W2140872435","https://openalex.org/W2145493994","https://openalex.org/W2146738006","https://openalex.org/W2151008975","https://openalex.org/W2154113970","https://openalex.org/W2155372793","https://openalex.org/W2155447404","https://openalex.org/W2158753091","https://openalex.org/W2159966246","https://openalex.org/W2160517485","https://openalex.org/W2160792115","https://openalex.org/W2162049703","https://openalex.org/W2164002382","https://openalex.org/W2341171179","https://openalex.org/W4241747843","https://openalex.org/W4246075700","https://openalex.org/W4256153162","https://openalex.org/W4297744580","https://openalex.org/W6683518987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765138172","https://openalex.org/W1671817583","https://openalex.org/W2295291212","https://openalex.org/W2151008975","https://openalex.org/W2377891237","https://openalex.org/W2014292684","https://openalex.org/W2377615010","https://openalex.org/W4238125051","https://openalex.org/W2046360368","https://openalex.org/W2792638268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"an":[3,162],"approach":[4],"for":[5],"estimating":[6],"the":[7,15,35,59,68,74,77,82,93,103,108,115,120,138,152,155,159,180,196,200,204,209,220,223],"least-cost":[8,181,210],"transition":[9,24,33,94,125,211],"firing":[10,95,141,182,191,212],"sequence(s)":[11,96,183],"that":[12,97,143,154,175,216],"matches":[13],"(match)":[14],"observation":[16,83],"of":[17,20,58,61,73,76,84,87,123,129,140,190,222,226],"a":[18,27,41,48,85,172,187],"sequence":[19,86,106,225],"labels":[21],"produced":[22],"by":[23,184],"activity":[25],"in":[26,34,56,158,199,219],"given":[28],"labeled":[29,36,78],"Petri":[30,79,109],"net.":[31],"Each":[32],"net":[37,80,160,201],"is":[38,98,176,217],"associated":[39],"with":[40,47,101,214],"(possibly":[42],"empty)":[43],"label":[44,105],"and":[45,81,107,111,165],"also":[46,112],"nonnegative":[49],"cost":[50,118],"which":[51],"captures":[52],"its":[53],"likelihood":[54],"(e.g.,":[55],"terms":[57],"amount":[60],"workload":[62],"or":[63],"power":[64],"required":[65],"to":[66,178],"execute":[67],"transition).":[69],"Given":[70],"full":[71],"knowledge":[72],"structure":[75],"labels,":[88],"we":[89,170],"aim":[90],"at":[91],"finding":[92],"(are)":[99],"consistent":[100,146],"both":[102],"observed":[104,224],"net,":[110],"has":[113],"(have)":[114],"least":[116,121],"total":[117],"(i.e.,":[119],"sum":[122],"individual":[124],"costs).":[126],"The":[127],"existence":[128],"unobservable":[130,156,197],"transitions":[131,157,198],"makes":[132],"this":[133],"task":[134],"extremely":[135],"challenging":[136],"since":[137],"number":[139,189],"sequences":[142,213],"might":[144],"be":[145,149],"can":[147],"potentially":[148],"infinite.":[150],"Under":[151],"assumption":[153],"form":[161],"acyclic":[163],"subnet":[164],"have":[166],"strictly":[167],"positive":[168],"costs,":[169],"develop":[171],"recursive":[173,206],"algorithm":[174,207],"able":[177],"find":[179],"reconstructing":[185],"only":[186],"finite":[188],"sequences.":[192],"In":[193],"particular,":[194],"if":[195],"are":[202],"contact-free,":[203],"proposed":[205],"finds":[208],"complexity":[215],"polynomial":[218],"length":[221],"labels.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
