{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2090478024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tamd.2009.2037731","title":"What is Needed for a Robot to Acquire Grammar? Some Underlying Primitive Mechanisms for the Synthesis of Linguistic Ability","display_name":"What is Needed for a Robot to Acquire Grammar? Some Underlying Primitive Mechanisms for the Synthesis of Linguistic Ability","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2090478024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tamd.2009.2037731","mag":"2090478024"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tamd.2009.2037731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tamd.2009.2037731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108448409","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development","issn_l":"1943-0604","issn":["1943-0604","1943-0612"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109813474","display_name":"C. Lyon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Lyon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, Hatfield, UK","Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, Hatfield, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010052730","display_name":"Yo Sato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Sato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, Hatfield, UK","Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, Hatfield, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006875352","display_name":"J. Saunders","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8698-3471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Saunders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, Hatfield, UK","Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, Hatfield, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048759955","display_name":"Chrystopher L. Nehaniv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-1875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.L. Nehaniv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, Hatfield, UK","Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Herfordshire, Hatfield, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109813474"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.1082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9896256,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"3","first_page":"187","last_page":"195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7707366943359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principle-of-compositionality","display_name":"Principle of compositionality","score":0.7641596794128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.6138464212417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5414324998855591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.5119975209236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.48311471939086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.47039708495140076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammatical-evolution","display_name":"Grammatical evolution","score":0.4338008761405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.42158693075180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.23364967107772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.07898399233818054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7707366943359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121375916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936559","display_name":"Principle of compositionality","level":2,"score":0.7641596794128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.6138464212417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5414324998855591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.5119975209236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.48311471939086914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.47039708495140076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10906938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5593687","display_name":"Grammatical evolution","level":3,"score":0.4338008761405945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.42158693075180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.23364967107772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.07898399233818054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tamd.2009.2037731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tamd.2009.2037731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108448409","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development","issn_l":"1943-0604","issn":["1943-0604","1943-0612"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.154.7131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.154.7131","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://homepages.feis.herts.ac.uk/~comrcml/Lyon-tamd.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.211.9128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.211.9128","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://homepages.feis.herts.ac.uk/~comrcml/TAMD.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.605.1660","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.605.1660","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ece.uvic.ca/~bctill/papers/ememcog/Lyon_etal_2009.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.720.1412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.720.1412","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.tech.plym.ac.uk/SoCCE/ITALK/publications/LyonSatoSaundersNehaniv-IEEE-TAMD2009.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27281439","https://openalex.org/W75943607","https://openalex.org/W148334237","https://openalex.org/W309802689","https://openalex.org/W1549710044","https://openalex.org/W1564969107","https://openalex.org/W1570457945","https://openalex.org/W1577283356","https://openalex.org/W1605629418","https://openalex.org/W1630833108","https://openalex.org/W1980862600","https://openalex.org/W2002103405","https://openalex.org/W2003726438","https://openalex.org/W2008779926","https://openalex.org/W2009465624","https://openalex.org/W2021216662","https://openalex.org/W2036447011","https://openalex.org/W2060399063","https://openalex.org/W2062897663","https://openalex.org/W2067765887","https://openalex.org/W2079903760","https://openalex.org/W2081552668","https://openalex.org/W2101509422","https://openalex.org/W2102709979","https://openalex.org/W2104045365","https://openalex.org/W2105438133","https://openalex.org/W2109011672","https://openalex.org/W2112064920","https://openalex.org/W2130175310","https://openalex.org/W2132344070","https://openalex.org/W2134415008","https://openalex.org/W2156256694","https://openalex.org/W2160874166","https://openalex.org/W2161979157","https://openalex.org/W2163870713","https://openalex.org/W2165545766","https://openalex.org/W2171403760","https://openalex.org/W2299479192","https://openalex.org/W2480491816","https://openalex.org/W2482276090","https://openalex.org/W2492452032","https://openalex.org/W2953196668","https://openalex.org/W4205897400","https://openalex.org/W4206592572","https://openalex.org/W4211174381","https://openalex.org/W6634172642"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3095531775","https://openalex.org/W1526190050","https://openalex.org/W4251923961","https://openalex.org/W2477397717","https://openalex.org/W2500457737","https://openalex.org/W2010490241","https://openalex.org/W4317425742","https://openalex.org/W4287025733","https://openalex.org/W4224330500","https://openalex.org/W2148276612"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"robot":[1,138],"that":[2,24],"can":[3,91,122],"communicate":[4],"with":[5,71,146],"humans":[6],"using":[7],"natural":[8],"language":[9,39,51,70],"will":[10],"have":[11],"to":[12,78,86,94,115],"acquire":[13],"a":[14,32,117,137,147],"grammatical":[15],"framework.":[16,33],"This":[17],"paper":[18],"analyses":[19],"some":[20,140],"crucial":[21],"underlying":[22,96],"mechanisms":[23,110],"are":[25,111],"needed":[26],"in":[27,41,52,56,76,135],"the":[28,48,66],"construction":[29],"of":[30,50,68,130],"such":[31],"The":[34],"work":[35],"is":[36,128],"inspired":[37],"by":[38],"acquisition":[40],"infants,":[42],"but":[43],"it":[44],"also":[45],"draws":[46],"on":[47,62],"emergence":[49],"evolutionary":[53,74],"time":[54],"and":[55,83,105],"ontogenic":[57],"(developmental)":[58],"time.":[59],"It":[60],"focuses":[61],"issues":[63],"arising":[64],"from":[65],"use":[67],"real":[69,124],"all":[72],"its":[73],"baggage,":[75],"contrast":[77],"an":[79],"artificial":[80],"communication":[81],"system,":[82],"describes":[84],"approaches":[85],"addressing":[87],"these":[88,109],"issues.":[89],"We":[90],"deconstruct":[92],"grammar":[93],"derive":[95],"primitive":[97],"mechanisms,":[98],"including":[99],"serial":[100],"processing,":[101],"segmentation,":[102],"categorization,":[103],"compositionality,":[104],"forward":[106],"planning.":[107],"Implementing":[108],"necessary":[112],"preparatory":[113],"steps":[114],"reconstruct":[116],"working":[118],"syntactic/semantic/pragmatic":[119],"processor":[120],"which":[121,136],"handle":[123],"language.":[125],"An":[126],"overview":[127],"given":[129],"our":[131],"own":[132],"initial":[133],"experiments":[134],"acquires":[139],"basic":[141],"linguistic":[142],"capacity":[143],"via":[144],"interacting":[145],"human.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}