{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093972632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tale48000.2019.9225872","title":"A Low Cost Self-Driving Cars Project Based Course for Undergraduate Students in Developing Countries","display_name":"A Low Cost Self-Driving Cars Project Based Course for Undergraduate Students in Developing Countries","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093972632","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tale48000.2019.9225872","mag":"3093972632"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tale48000.2019.9225872","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tale48000.2019.9225872","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025408066","display_name":"Diego Arce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7350-1709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65285256","display_name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa","ror":"https://ror.org/00013q465","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65285256"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Arce","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa, Lima, Per\u00fa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa, Lima, Per\u00fa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65285256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078702256","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Balbuena","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65285256","display_name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa","ror":"https://ror.org/00013q465","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65285256"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Balbuena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa, Lima, Per\u00fa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa, Lima, Per\u00fa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65285256"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045714230","display_name":"Francisco Cu\u00e9llar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-5118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65285256","display_name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa","ror":"https://ror.org/00013q465","country_code":"PE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65285256"]}],"countries":["PE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Cuellar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa, Lima, Per\u00fa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa, Lima, Per\u00fa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65285256"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1686,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5497953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13827","display_name":"Mechatronics Education and Applications","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.7850797176361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-driving","display_name":"Self driving","score":0.6777796149253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechatronics","display_name":"Mechatronics","score":0.6626497507095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.6625935435295105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obstacle","display_name":"Obstacle","score":0.6159887909889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/course","display_name":"Course (navigation)","score":0.5996076464653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5656225681304932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presentation","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","score":0.5618239045143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-based-learning","display_name":"Project-based learning","score":0.48667436838150024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.4578366279602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obstacle-avoidance","display_name":"Obstacle avoidance","score":0.4281519055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3364223837852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.32341599464416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2757595181465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2670436501502991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.22475773096084595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.14463332295417786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.12944301962852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.10748574137687683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.7850797176361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018391801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741490","display_name":"Self driving","level":2,"score":0.6777796149253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28704281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180165","display_name":"Mechatronics","level":2,"score":0.6626497507095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.6625935435295105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776650193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264661","display_name":"Obstacle","level":2,"score":0.6159887909889221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777552389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1962728","display_name":"Course (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.5996076464653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5656225681304932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.5618239045143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779825147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753447","display_name":"Project-based learning","level":2,"score":0.48667436838150024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.4578366279602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6683253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075535","display_name":"Obstacle avoidance","level":4,"score":0.4281519055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3364223837852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.32341599464416504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2757595181465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2670436501502991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.22475773096084595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.14463332295417786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.12944301962852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.10748574137687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tale48000.2019.9225872","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tale48000.2019.9225872","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W388371152","https://openalex.org/W1986864914","https://openalex.org/W2017280801","https://openalex.org/W2082141076","https://openalex.org/W2088163118","https://openalex.org/W2559368811","https://openalex.org/W2609212174","https://openalex.org/W2766061110","https://openalex.org/W2791310449","https://openalex.org/W2792996397","https://openalex.org/W2900740541","https://openalex.org/W2905452140","https://openalex.org/W2955716797","https://openalex.org/W6748471115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2930076404","https://openalex.org/W4253519380","https://openalex.org/W2071957557","https://openalex.org/W2596413128","https://openalex.org/W4391249562","https://openalex.org/W2356867392","https://openalex.org/W2782776446","https://openalex.org/W3043170174","https://openalex.org/W2155948905","https://openalex.org/W2357323510"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,37],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,42,56,64,71,76,83,90,94,104,162,166,169,205],"design":[4,25],"and":[5,28,33,52,88,117,149,154,188,201,209],"preliminary":[6,158],"results":[7,159],"of":[8,41,60,70,79,85,96,111,180],"a":[9,108,137,174,184,196],"low":[10,175],"cost":[11,176],"self-driving":[12,97,177],"cars":[13,62,87],"project":[14],"based":[15],"course":[16,38,72,109,130,167],"for":[17,93,204],"undergraduate":[18,132],"students,":[19],"which":[20],"aims":[21],"to":[22,74,101,134,172],"integrate":[23],"automotive":[24,65],"concepts,":[26],"localization":[27],"navigation":[29],"algorithms,":[30],"computer":[31],"vision,":[32],"deep":[34],"learning":[35],"techniques.":[36],"is":[39,73],"part":[40],"Mechatronics":[43],"program":[44],"at":[45,127],"Pontificia":[46],"Universidad":[47],"Catolica":[48],"del":[49],"Peru":[50],"(PUCP),":[51],"was":[53],"inspired":[54],"by":[55,191],"growth":[57],"in":[58,63,82,146,165],"demand":[59],"intelligent/autonomous":[61],"industry.":[66],"The":[67,129,157],"main":[68],"objective":[69],"provide":[75,89],"basic":[77,151],"concepts":[78,171],"automation":[80],"technologies":[81],"area":[84],"autonomous":[86],"fundamental":[91],"tools":[92],"development":[95],"cars.":[98],"In":[99],"order":[100],"achieve":[102],"this,":[103],"students":[105,133,163],"must":[106],"complete":[107],"compose":[110],"five":[112,118],"theoretical":[113],"modules":[114,120],"(39":[115],"hours),":[116,122],"practical":[119],"(10":[121],"during":[123],"an":[124,198],"entire":[125],"semester":[126],"PUCP.":[128],"promotes":[131],"work":[135],"as":[136],"team,":[138],"learn":[139,150],"from":[140],"hands-on":[141],"experience,":[142],"validate":[143],"their":[144],"prototypes":[145],"real":[147],"scenarios,":[148],"scientific":[152],"writing":[153],"presentation":[155],"skills.":[156],"show":[160],"that":[161],"enrolled":[164],"learned":[168],"necessary":[170],"implement":[173],"car":[178],"capable":[179],"driving":[181],"autonomously":[182],"inside":[183],"two":[185],"lanes":[186,193],"racetrack":[187],"avoid":[189],"obstacles":[190],"changing":[192],"only":[194],"using":[195],"camera,":[197],"embedded":[199],"system":[200],"ultrasonic":[202],"sensors":[203],"mapping,":[206],"path":[207],"planning":[208],"obstacle":[210],"detection":[211],"algorithms.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
