{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415353528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2025.3623093","title":"Co-AttenDWG: Coattentive Dimension-Wise Gating and Expert Fusion for Multimodal Offensive Content Detection","display_name":"Co-AttenDWG: Coattentive Dimension-Wise Gating and Expert Fusion for Multimodal Offensive Content Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415353528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2025.3623093"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2025.3623093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2025.3623093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169448","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2691-4581","issn":["2691-4581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111285702","display_name":"Md. Mithun Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4883-1802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147955","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Business and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0400am365","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147955"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Mithun Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4883-1802","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147955"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113119657","display_name":"M. Jahangir Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1584-3282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147955","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Business and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0400am365","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147955"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Shakil Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1584-3282","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147955"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046748734","display_name":"Sudipto Chaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7286-6722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147955","display_name":"Bangladesh University of Business and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0400am365","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147955"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudipto Chaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7286-6722","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147955"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071208302","display_name":"M. F. Mridha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5738-1631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103434671","display_name":"American International University-Bangladesh","ror":"https://ror.org/02j8ga255","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103434671"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. F. Mridha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, American International University-Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5738-1631","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, American International University-Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103434671"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.128,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89198201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"5","first_page":"2726","last_page":"2738"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9409999847412109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9035000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gating","display_name":"Gating","score":0.6704999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.5884000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-mechanism","display_name":"Fusion mechanism","score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offensive","display_name":"Offensive","score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.3598000109195709}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8001999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194544171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21105679","display_name":"Gating","level":2,"score":0.6704999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6385999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.5884000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173414695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5510276","display_name":"Fusion mechanism","level":4,"score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176856949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001676","display_name":"Offensive","level":2,"score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.3598000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.34540000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2025.3623093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2025.3623093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169448","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2691-4581","issn":["2691-4581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2619383789","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2910191085","https://openalex.org/W2964051877","https://openalex.org/W2964583233","https://openalex.org/W2970231061","https://openalex.org/W3001434439","https://openalex.org/W3004349648","https://openalex.org/W3035390927","https://openalex.org/W4297499129","https://openalex.org/W4311463220","https://openalex.org/W4312720180","https://openalex.org/W4321793515","https://openalex.org/W4381233115","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385978594","https://openalex.org/W4387613977","https://openalex.org/W4389365482","https://openalex.org/W4393034208","https://openalex.org/W4393146386","https://openalex.org/W4393934416","https://openalex.org/W4396844062","https://openalex.org/W4399055245","https://openalex.org/W4402727764","https://openalex.org/W4403534233","https://openalex.org/W4403536408","https://openalex.org/W4405638128","https://openalex.org/W4406686519","https://openalex.org/W4408223245","https://openalex.org/W4410636740"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-modal":[0],"learning":[1],"has":[2],"emerged":[3],"as":[4,9,22],"a":[5,79,84,99,150],"crucial":[6],"research":[7],"direction,":[8],"integrating":[10],"textual":[11,74],"and":[12,25,42,67,75,147,159,170],"visual":[13,76],"information":[14],"can":[15],"substantially":[16],"enhance":[17],"performance":[18,169],"in":[19],"tasks":[20],"such":[21],"classification,":[23],"retrieval,":[24],"scene":[26],"understanding.":[27],"Despite":[28],"advances":[29],"with":[30,64],"large":[31],"pre-trained":[32],"models,":[33],"existing":[34],"approaches":[35],"often":[36],"suffer":[37],"from":[38],"insufficient":[39],"cross-modal":[40,172],"interactions":[41,91],"rigid":[43],"fusion":[44,141],"strategies,":[45],"failing":[46],"to":[47,112],"fully":[48],"harness":[49],"the":[50,109,130,157],"complementary":[51],"strengths":[52],"of":[53],"different":[54],"modalities.":[55,93],"To":[56],"address":[57],"these":[58],"limitations,":[59],"we":[60],"propose":[61],"Co-AttenDWG,":[62],"co-attention":[63,86],"dimension-wise":[65,100],"gating,":[66],"expert":[68,140],"fusion.":[69],"Our":[70],"approach":[71],"first":[72],"projects":[73],"features":[77,135],"into":[78],"shared":[80],"embedding":[81],"space,":[82],"where":[83],"dedicated":[85],"mechanism":[87],"enables":[88],"simultaneous,":[89],"fine-grained":[90],"between":[92],"This":[94],"is":[95],"further":[96],"strengthened":[97],"by":[98],"gating":[101,146],"network,":[102],"which":[103],"adaptively":[104],"modulates":[105],"feature":[106],"contributions":[107],"at":[108],"channel":[110],"level":[111],"emphasize":[113],"salient":[114],"information.":[115],"In":[116],"parallel,":[117],"dual-path":[118],"encoders":[119],"independently":[120],"refine":[121],"modality-specific":[122],"representations,":[123],"while":[124],"an":[125,139],"additional":[126],"cross-attention":[127],"layer":[128],"aligns":[129],"modalities":[131],"further.":[132],"The":[133],"resulting":[134],"are":[136],"aggregated":[137],"via":[138],"module":[142],"that":[143,165],"integrates":[144],"learned":[145],"self-attention,":[148],"yielding":[149],"robust":[151],"unified":[152],"representation.":[153],"Experimental":[154],"results":[155],"on":[156],"MIMIC":[158],"SemEval":[160],"Memotion":[161],"1.0":[162],"datasets":[163],"show":[164],"Co-AttenDWG":[166],"achieves":[167],"state-of-the-art":[168],"superior":[171],"alignment,":[173],"highlighting":[174],"its":[175],"effectiveness":[176],"for":[177],"diverse":[178],"multi-modal":[179],"applications.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00"}