{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404840066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3508667","title":"Unformer: A Transformer-Based Approach for Adaptive Multiscale Feature Aggregation in Underwater Image Enhancement","display_name":"Unformer: A Transformer-Based Approach for Adaptive Multiscale Feature Aggregation in Underwater Image Enhancement","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404840066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3508667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2024.3508667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3508667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169448","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2691-4581","issn":["2691-4581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054740535","display_name":"Yuhao Qing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5921-5774"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Qing","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5921-5774","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100661700","display_name":"Yueying Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9737-6765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9737-6765","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079742998","display_name":"Huaicheng Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5496-1809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaicheng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5496-1809","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066409796","display_name":"Xiangpeng Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4822-3134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangpeng Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Advanced Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4822-3134","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Advanced Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061204419","display_name":"Zheng\u2010Guang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-9785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengguang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-9785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054740535"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.222,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89512492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"4","first_page":"1024","last_page":"1037"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.7574511170387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5186468958854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5092495679855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.47137200832366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4250068664550781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38799214363098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.355716347694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.21900129318237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1694890558719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12403976917266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.08436614274978638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.07781055569648743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.7574511170387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5186468958854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5092495679855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47137200832366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4250068664550781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38799214363098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.355716347694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21900129318237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1694890558719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12403976917266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.08436614274978638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.07781055569648743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2024.3508667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3508667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169448","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2691-4581","issn":["2691-4581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2604268065","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62122046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3118128888","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62473243","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3650962981","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFB4707000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G62426012","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24A20279","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055447163","https://openalex.org/W2058748989","https://openalex.org/W2064076387","https://openalex.org/W2081140338","https://openalex.org/W2145885328","https://openalex.org/W2293581118","https://openalex.org/W2523532944","https://openalex.org/W2758376227","https://openalex.org/W2763503841","https://openalex.org/W2783488367","https://openalex.org/W2794405642","https://openalex.org/W2895598217","https://openalex.org/W2950055287","https://openalex.org/W2963716449","https://openalex.org/W2964088115","https://openalex.org/W2971483169","https://openalex.org/W2990176100","https://openalex.org/W2999811308","https://openalex.org/W3006777311","https://openalex.org/W3040189317","https://openalex.org/W3103227769","https://openalex.org/W3120675193","https://openalex.org/W3127326842","https://openalex.org/W3131500599","https://openalex.org/W3135038612","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3157502174","https://openalex.org/W3160694286","https://openalex.org/W3165924482","https://openalex.org/W3168649818","https://openalex.org/W3183430956","https://openalex.org/W3200204385","https://openalex.org/W3202566931","https://openalex.org/W3204251553","https://openalex.org/W4206557398","https://openalex.org/W4210805297","https://openalex.org/W4214709605","https://openalex.org/W4226197550","https://openalex.org/W4226232129","https://openalex.org/W4282914989","https://openalex.org/W4283808395","https://openalex.org/W4285228564","https://openalex.org/W4285821234","https://openalex.org/W4287020683","https://openalex.org/W4294871818","https://openalex.org/W4294982738","https://openalex.org/W4296473479","https://openalex.org/W4312109322","https://openalex.org/W4312453657","https://openalex.org/W4312869969","https://openalex.org/W4312926817","https://openalex.org/W4312950730","https://openalex.org/W4312977443","https://openalex.org/W4313138720","https://openalex.org/W4313886708","https://openalex.org/W4365801712","https://openalex.org/W4377079715","https://openalex.org/W4381198963","https://openalex.org/W4385446764","https://openalex.org/W4386766981","https://openalex.org/W4387245240","https://openalex.org/W4389076322","https://openalex.org/W4389317916","https://openalex.org/W4390872670","https://openalex.org/W4398757447","https://openalex.org/W4401879339","https://openalex.org/W6638444622","https://openalex.org/W6753322352","https://openalex.org/W6763381028","https://openalex.org/W6764816812","https://openalex.org/W6784333009","https://openalex.org/W6838697126","https://openalex.org/W6840156360","https://openalex.org/W6840201390","https://openalex.org/W6861752224","https://openalex.org/W6868927258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388412763","https://openalex.org/W1999583034","https://openalex.org/W3168963531","https://openalex.org/W2591930867","https://openalex.org/W2953138830","https://openalex.org/W2773822314","https://openalex.org/W3176162126","https://openalex.org/W2891537746","https://openalex.org/W3201231642","https://openalex.org/W3217214504"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Underwater":[0],"imaging":[1],"is":[2,173],"often":[3],"compromised":[4],"by":[5,160],"light":[6],"scattering":[7],"and":[8,14,23,26,70,79,93,99,102,118,144,162,168],"absorption,":[9],"resulting":[10],"in":[11,31,141],"image":[12,44],"degradation":[13],"distortion.":[15],"This":[16,87],"manifests":[17],"as":[18],"blurred":[19],"details,":[20],"color":[21],"shifts,":[22],"diminished":[24],"illumination":[25,69],"contrast,":[27],"thereby":[28],"hindering":[29],"advancements":[30],"underwater":[32,43],"research.":[33],"To":[34],"mitigate":[35],"these":[36],"issues,":[37],"we":[38,109],"propose":[39,110],"Unformer,":[40],"an":[41],"innovative":[42],"enhancement":[45],"(UIE)":[46],"technique":[47],"that":[48,66,116,134],"leverages":[49],"a":[50,61,83,104,111],"transformer-based":[51],"architecture":[52,115],"for":[53],"multiscale":[54,62],"adaptive":[55],"feature":[56,63],"aggregation.":[57],"Our":[58],"approach":[59],"employs":[60],"fusion":[64],"strategy":[65],"adaptively":[67],"restores":[68],"detail":[71],"features.":[72],"We":[73],"reevaluate":[74],"the":[75,125,149,155,166],"relationship":[76],"between":[77],"convolution":[78],"transformer":[80,126],"to":[81],"develop":[82],"novel":[84],"encoder":[85],"structure.":[86],"structure":[88],"effectively":[89],"integrates":[90],"both":[91,142],"long-range":[92],"short-range":[94],"dependencies,":[95],"dynamically":[96],"combines":[97],"local":[98],"global":[100,106],"features,":[101],"constructs":[103],"comprehensive":[105],"context.":[107],"Furthermore,":[108],"unique":[112],"multibranch":[113],"decoder":[114],"enhances":[117],"efficiently":[119],"extracts":[120],"spatial":[121],"context":[122],"information":[123],"through":[124],"module.":[127],"Extensive":[128],"experiments":[129],"on":[130,165],"three":[131],"datasets":[132],"demonstrate":[133],"our":[135],"proposed":[136],"method":[137],"outperforms":[138],"other":[139],"techniques":[140],"subjective":[143],"objective":[145],"evaluations.":[146],"Compared":[147],"with":[148],"latest":[150],"methods,":[151],"Unformer":[152],"has":[153],"improved":[154],"peak":[156],"signal-to-noise":[157],"ratio":[158],"(PSNR)":[159],"19.5%":[161],"14.8%":[163],"respectively":[164],"LSUI":[167],"EUVP":[169],"datasets.":[170],"The":[171],"code":[172],"available":[174],"at:":[175],"<uri":[176],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[177],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">https://github.com/yhflq/Unformer</uri>.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-30T09:04:40.226872","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}