{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399039280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3405405","title":"ClassLIE: Structure- and Illumination-Adaptive Classification for Low-Light Image Enhancement","display_name":"ClassLIE: Structure- and Illumination-Adaptive Classification for Low-Light Image Enhancement","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399039280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3405405"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2024.3405405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3405405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169448","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2691-4581","issn":["2691-4581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107519323","display_name":"Zixiang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0844-8797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zixiang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Automotive Innovation Centre, IV sensor group, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Automotive Innovation Centre, IV sensor group, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107520559","display_name":"Yiting Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1268-0168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiting Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Automotive Innovation Centre, IV sensor group, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Automotive Innovation Centre, IV sensor group, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015105117","display_name":"Lichao Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-7939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lichao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074022699","display_name":"Athanasios V. Vasilakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-9877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200650556","display_name":"University of Agder","ror":"https://ror.org/03x297z98","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athanasios V. Vasilakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for AI Research (CAIR), University of Agder (UiA), Grimstad, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for AI Research (CAIR), University of Agder (UiA), Grimstad, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403195","display_name":"Lin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visual Learning and Intelligent Systems (VLIS) Lab of Artificial Intelligence Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China","Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, HKUST, Hong Kong SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visual Learning and Intelligent Systems (VLIS) Lab of Artificial Intelligence Thrust, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, HKUST, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107519323"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7509,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91435386,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"9","first_page":"4765","last_page":"4775"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7602976560592651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7145696878433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5713039636611938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5061439871788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4992492198944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4880868196487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.48547104001045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.45465588569641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4526016116142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17245852947235107}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7602976560592651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7145696878433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5713039636611938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5061439871788025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4992492198944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4880868196487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.48547104001045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.45465588569641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4526016116142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17245852947235107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2024.3405405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3405405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169448","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2691-4581","issn":["2691-4581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-146212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-146212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580436348","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1987444808","https://openalex.org/W2054814429","https://openalex.org/W2064076387","https://openalex.org/W2076205488","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2117497518","https://openalex.org/W2120018830","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2154549868","https://openalex.org/W2154879133","https://openalex.org/W2254039850","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2566376500","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2936349151","https://openalex.org/W2949187370","https://openalex.org/W2981718299","https://openalex.org/W2998131124","https://openalex.org/W3035022492","https://openalex.org/W3035731588","https://openalex.org/W3120540810","https://openalex.org/W3121661546","https://openalex.org/W3134649899","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3171125843","https://openalex.org/W3174792937","https://openalex.org/W3176997885","https://openalex.org/W3199334903","https://openalex.org/W3203313153","https://openalex.org/W3207918547","https://openalex.org/W3208833844","https://openalex.org/W3214264009","https://openalex.org/W4225559324","https://openalex.org/W4226157755","https://openalex.org/W4226185636","https://openalex.org/W4281727859","https://openalex.org/W4312560884","https://openalex.org/W4312725970","https://openalex.org/W4312812783","https://openalex.org/W4313059954","https://openalex.org/W4313134080","https://openalex.org/W4316805166","https://openalex.org/W4318476511","https://openalex.org/W4320717451","https://openalex.org/W4366957365","https://openalex.org/W4382240242","https://openalex.org/W4383100448","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386066507","https://openalex.org/W4390871898","https://openalex.org/W4390872095","https://openalex.org/W4390872154","https://openalex.org/W4394597326","https://openalex.org/W6754146604","https://openalex.org/W6766978945","https://openalex.org/W6794345597","https://openalex.org/W6838859074"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W972276598","https://openalex.org/W2087343574","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W2951187577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low-light":[0],"images":[1,28,101],"often":[2],"suffer":[3],"from":[4,98],"limited":[5],"visibility":[6],"and":[7,44,69,86,90,95,105,119,141,167,194,241],"multiple":[8],"types":[9],"of":[10,52,84],"degradation,":[11],"rendering":[12],"low-light":[13,27,100],"image":[14,136,179],"enhancement":[15,111,187,210],"(LIE)":[16],"a":[17,75,103,117,142,191,222],"non-trivial":[18],"task.":[19],"Some":[20],"endeavors":[21],"have":[22,36],"been":[23],"made":[24],"to":[25,124,152,200],"enhance":[26],"using":[29],"convolutional":[30],"neural":[31],"networks":[32],"(CNNs).":[33],"However,":[34],"they":[35],"low":[37],"efficiency":[38],"in":[39,102,221],"learning":[40,193,214],"the":[41,49,56,82,93,99,126,154,159,164,172,203,215,219,245],"structural":[42,94],"information":[43,97,128,156,205],"diverse":[45],"illumination":[46,96,120,139,173],"levels":[47,212],"at":[48],"local":[50],"regions":[51],"an":[53,134,138],"image.":[54],"Consequently,":[55],"enhanced":[57],"results":[58],"are":[59],"affected":[60],"by":[61,157],"unexpected":[62],"artifacts,":[63],"such":[64],"as":[65],"unbalanced":[66],"exposure,":[67],"blur,":[68],"color":[70],"bias.":[71],"This":[72],"paper":[73],"proposes":[74],"novel":[76],"framework,":[77],"called":[78],"ClassLIE,":[79],"that":[80],"combines":[81],"potential":[83],"CNNs":[85,207],"transformers.":[87],"It":[88],"classifies":[89],"adaptively":[91,201],"learns":[92],"holistic":[104,223],"regional":[106],"manner,":[107],"thus":[108],"showing":[109],"better":[110],"performance.":[112],"Our":[113],"framework":[114],"first":[115],"employs":[116],"structure":[118,160],"classification":[121],"(SIC)":[122],"module":[123,197],"learn":[125,202],"degradation":[127,155],"adaptively.":[129],"In":[130],"SIC,":[131],"we":[132],"decompose":[133],"input":[135,178],"into":[137,183],"map":[140,166],"reflectance":[143,165],"map.":[144,174],"A":[145],"class":[146],"prediction":[147],"block":[148],"is":[149,198],"then":[150],"designed":[151],"classify":[153],"calculating":[158],"similarity":[161],"scores":[162],"on":[163,171,226,244],"mean":[168],"square":[169],"error":[170],"As":[175],"such,":[176],"each":[177],"can":[180],"be":[181],"divided":[182],"patches":[184,220],"with":[185,206,238],"three":[186],"difficulty":[188,211],"levels.":[189],"Then,":[190],"feature":[192,204],"fusion":[195],"(FLF)":[196],"proposed":[199],"for":[208,218],"different":[209],"while":[213],"long-range":[216],"dependencies":[217],"manner.":[224],"Experiments":[225],"five":[227],"benchmark":[228],"datasets":[229],"consistently":[230],"show":[231],"our":[232],"ClassLIE":[233],"achieves":[234],"new":[235],"state-of-the-art":[236],"performance,":[237],"25.74":[239],"PSNR":[240],"0.92":[242],"SSIM":[243],"LOL":[246],"dataset.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}