{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396215031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3394797","title":"Redefining Real-Time Road Quality Analysis With Vision Transformers on Edge Devices","display_name":"Redefining Real-Time Road Quality Analysis With Vision Transformers on Edge Devices","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396215031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3394797"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2024.3394797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3394797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169448","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2691-4581","issn":["2691-4581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083897671","display_name":"Tasnim Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-1180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tasnim Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen&#x2019;s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0799-1180","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen&#x2019;s University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022582952","display_name":"Naveed Ejaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1295-4787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naveed Ejaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen&#x2019;s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1295-4787","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen&#x2019;s University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032858073","display_name":"Salimur Choudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3187-112X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salimur Choudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen&#x2019;s University, Kingston, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3187-112X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen&#x2019;s University, Kingston, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8014,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93506023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"10","first_page":"4972","last_page":"4983"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6703984141349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6453661322593689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5333048701286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.5185495018959045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.49033570289611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.45046138763427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.44299909472465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.4352126717567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4164997339248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3471391201019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.34148406982421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.19911417365074158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18750274181365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.10769680142402649}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6703984141349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6453661322593689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5333048701286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.5185495018959045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.49033570289611816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.45046138763427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.44299909472465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.4352126717567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4164997339248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3471391201019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.34148406982421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.19911417365074158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18750274181365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.10769680142402649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tai.2024.3394797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tai.2024.3394797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169448","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2691-4581","issn":["2691-4581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974123443","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2125996565","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2338908902","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2806229851","https://openalex.org/W2902266469","https://openalex.org/W2948301729","https://openalex.org/W3000984398","https://openalex.org/W3089893234","https://openalex.org/W3093781798","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3126103404","https://openalex.org/W3146798188","https://openalex.org/W3157788795","https://openalex.org/W3166225737","https://openalex.org/W3193768753","https://openalex.org/W4225137532","https://openalex.org/W4225742096","https://openalex.org/W4226321768","https://openalex.org/W4280620123","https://openalex.org/W4286776321","https://openalex.org/W4286910290","https://openalex.org/W4293457170","https://openalex.org/W4301596289","https://openalex.org/W4309758191","https://openalex.org/W4312671791","https://openalex.org/W4313419099","https://openalex.org/W4321488205","https://openalex.org/W4327620107","https://openalex.org/W4365420262","https://openalex.org/W4378803027","https://openalex.org/W4379537881","https://openalex.org/W4384464422","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385402337","https://openalex.org/W4387123705","https://openalex.org/W4389076543","https://openalex.org/W4389749084","https://openalex.org/W6678815747","https://openalex.org/W6703652217","https://openalex.org/W6757817989","https://openalex.org/W6784333009","https://openalex.org/W6802648153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238897586","https://openalex.org/W435179959","https://openalex.org/W2619091065","https://openalex.org/W2059640416","https://openalex.org/W1490753184","https://openalex.org/W2284465472","https://openalex.org/W2291782699","https://openalex.org/W1993948687","https://openalex.org/W2000169967","https://openalex.org/W4399363378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Road":[0,118],"infrastructure":[1,154,186],"is":[2,57,83],"essential":[3],"for":[4,13,18,181],"transportation":[5],"safety":[6],"and":[7,21,32,78,144,177],"efficiency.":[8,145],"However,":[9],"the":[10,55,92,117,124,139,149],"current":[11],"methods":[12],"assessing":[14],"road":[15,45,99,153,168],"conditions,":[16],"crucial":[17],"effective":[19],"planning":[20],"maintenance,":[22],"suffer":[23],"from":[24,47],"high":[25],"costs,":[26],"time-intensive":[27],"procedures,":[28],"infrequent":[29],"data":[30],"collection,":[31],"limited":[33],"real-time":[34,98],"capabilities.":[35],"This":[36],"paper":[37],"presents":[38],"an":[39,67,89,111],"efficient":[40,162],"lightweight":[41,76],"system":[42,56],"to":[43],"analyze":[44],"quality":[46],"video":[48],"feeds":[49],"in":[50,152,158,185],"real-time.":[51],"The":[52,72,171],"backbone":[53],"of":[54,114,130,138],"EdgeFusionViT,":[58],"a":[59,127,174],"novel":[60],"vision":[61],"transformer":[62],"(ViT)-based":[63],"architecture":[64,74],"that":[65],"uses":[66],"attention-based":[68],"late":[69],"fusion":[70],"mechanism.":[71],"proposed":[73],"outperforms":[75,107],"CNN-based":[77],"ViT-based":[79],"models.":[80],"Its":[81],"practicality":[82],"demonstrated":[84],"by":[85],"its":[86,142],"deployment":[87],"on":[88,116],"edge":[90],"device,":[91],"Nvidia":[93],"Jetson":[94],"Orin":[95],"Nano,":[96],"enabling":[97],"analysis":[100],"at":[101],"12":[102],"frames":[103],"per":[104],"second.":[105],"EdgeFusionViT":[106],"existing":[108],"benchmarks,":[109],"achieving":[110],"impressive":[112],"accuracy":[113,129],"89.76%":[115],"Surface":[119],"Condition":[120],"Dataset":[121],"(RSCD).":[122],"Notably,":[123],"model":[125],"maintains":[126],"commendable":[128],"76.89%":[131],"even":[132],"when":[133],"trained":[134],"with":[135],"only":[136],"2%":[137],"dataset,":[140],"demonstrating":[141],"robustness":[143],"These":[146],"findings":[147],"highlight":[148],"system\u2019s":[150],"potential":[151],"management.":[155,187],"It":[156],"aids":[157],"creating":[159],"safer,":[160],"more":[161],"transport":[163],"systems":[164],"through":[165],"timely,":[166],"accurate":[167],"condition":[169],"assessments.":[170],"study":[172],"sets":[173],"new":[175],"benchmark":[176],"opens":[178],"up":[179],"possibilities":[180],"advanced":[182],"machine":[183],"learning":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
