{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385221275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2023.3298062","title":"The Deep Method: Towards Computational Modeling of the Social Emotion Shame Driven by Theory, Introspection, and Social Signals","display_name":"The Deep Method: Towards Computational Modeling of the Social Emotion Shame Driven by Theory, Introspection, and Social Signals","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385221275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2023.3298062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taffc.2023.3298062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2023.3298062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104780363","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","issn_l":"1949-3045","issn":["1949-3045","2371-9850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084540329","display_name":"Tanja Schneeberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-6978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tanja Schneeberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affective Computing Group, Department of Cognitive Assistants, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saarbr&#x00FC;cken, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7247-6978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affective Computing Group, Department of Cognitive Assistants, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saarbr&#x00FC;cken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087559189","display_name":"Mirella Hladk\u00fd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5565-3998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mirella Hladk\u00fd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affective Computing Group, Department of Cognitive Assistants, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saarbr&#x00FC;cken, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5565-3998","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affective Computing Group, Department of Cognitive Assistants, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saarbr&#x00FC;cken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046281075","display_name":"Ann-Kristin Thurner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2732-5183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ann-Kristin Thurner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affective Computing Group, Department of Cognitive Assistants, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saarbr&#x00FC;cken, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2732-5183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affective Computing Group, Department of Cognitive Assistants, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saarbr&#x00FC;cken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007265762","display_name":"Jana Volkert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1555-2599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091434","display_name":"MSB Medical School Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/001vjqx13","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091434"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jana Volkert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, MSB Medical School Berlin GmbH, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1555-2599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, MSB Medical School Berlin GmbH, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091434"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021690848","display_name":"Alexander Heimerl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2074-4280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179225836","display_name":"University of Augsburg","ror":"https://ror.org/03p14d497","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Heimerl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lab for Human-Centered AI, Augsburg University, Augsburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2074-4280","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab for Human-Centered AI, Augsburg University, Augsburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013717782","display_name":"Tobias Baur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-605X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179225836","display_name":"University of Augsburg","ror":"https://ror.org/03p14d497","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Baur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lab for Human-Centered AI, Augsburg University, Augsburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-605X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab for Human-Centered AI, Augsburg University, Augsburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056684559","display_name":"Elisabeth Andr\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-162X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179225836","display_name":"University of Augsburg","ror":"https://ror.org/03p14d497","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisabeth Andr\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lab for Human-Centered AI, Augsburg University, Augsburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-162X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab for Human-Centered AI, Augsburg University, Augsburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179225836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068893550","display_name":"Patrick Gebhard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5566-4520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Gebhard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Affective Computing Group, Department of Cognitive Assistants, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saarbr&#x00FC;cken, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5566-4520","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Affective Computing Group, Department of Cognitive Assistants, German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Saarbr&#x00FC;cken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084540329"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2438,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79946778,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"417","last_page":"432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12313","display_name":"Emotions and Moral Behavior","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shame","display_name":"Shame","score":0.7529669404029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/introspection","display_name":"Introspection","score":0.739642858505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5288206934928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4873657822608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.45275378227233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45174527168273926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4370875358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.41644200682640076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4006657600402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.2868921756744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.24438905715942383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781283010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152282","display_name":"Shame","level":2,"score":0.7529669404029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129671850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210501","display_name":"Introspection","level":2,"score":0.739642858505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5288206934928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4873657822608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.45275378227233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45174527168273926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4370875358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.41644200682640076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4006657600402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.2868921756744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.24438905715942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taffc.2023.3298062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2023.3298062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104780363","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","issn_l":"1949-3045","issn":["1949-3045","2371-9850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5726086409","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"392401413","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":109,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14751938","https://openalex.org/W53437936","https://openalex.org/W100549440","https://openalex.org/W436832653","https://openalex.org/W1004779335","https://openalex.org/W1021544130","https://openalex.org/W1483524664","https://openalex.org/W1497798198","https://openalex.org/W1520861770","https://openalex.org/W1557191966","https://openalex.org/W1606483754","https://openalex.org/W1632851051","https://openalex.org/W1653541870","https://openalex.org/W1789721553","https://openalex.org/W1811740382","https://openalex.org/W1897139626","https://openalex.org/W1938517069","https://openalex.org/W1966797434","https://openalex.org/W1979132077","https://openalex.org/W1993651458","https://openalex.org/W2001199049","https://openalex.org/W2011709099","https://openalex.org/W2018742491","https://openalex.org/W2023670049","https://openalex.org/W2035270043","https://openalex.org/W2042003395","https://openalex.org/W2043181832","https://openalex.org/W2051419616","https://openalex.org/W2061319836","https://openalex.org/W2061647806","https://openalex.org/W2066538441","https://openalex.org/W2081228936","https://openalex.org/W2087653074","https://openalex.org/W2102998034","https://openalex.org/W2104674963","https://openalex.org/W2110364951","https://openalex.org/W2111855981","https://openalex.org/W2119983670","https://openalex.org/W2120233076","https://openalex.org/W2120945046","https://openalex.org/W2122736472","https://openalex.org/W2129598873","https://openalex.org/W2137409775","https://openalex.org/W2148905283","https://openalex.org/W2151849583","https://openalex.org/W2152078895","https://openalex.org/W2153796820","https://openalex.org/W2155144982","https://openalex.org/W2157402253","https://openalex.org/W2159165123","https://openalex.org/W2159190230","https://openalex.org/W2160517422","https://openalex.org/W2161498332","https://openalex.org/W2161813860","https://openalex.org/W2164699598","https://openalex.org/W2168059277","https://openalex.org/W2328406914","https://openalex.org/W2339721090","https://openalex.org/W2344495106","https://openalex.org/W2346454595","https://openalex.org/W2411112070","https://openalex.org/W2412647678","https://openalex.org/W2495287762","https://openalex.org/W2523289252","https://openalex.org/W2560150188","https://openalex.org/W2571455846","https://openalex.org/W2580960595","https://openalex.org/W2605660746","https://openalex.org/W2755460979","https://openalex.org/W2793597747","https://openalex.org/W2908473373","https://openalex.org/W2918110700","https://openalex.org/W2919782886","https://openalex.org/W2955920751","https://openalex.org/W2970485787","https://openalex.org/W2979811706","https://openalex.org/W2988376401","https://openalex.org/W2994999982","https://openalex.org/W2995603090","https://openalex.org/W2998994232","https://openalex.org/W3113335928","https://openalex.org/W3114478991","https://openalex.org/W3214569906","https://openalex.org/W4229652864","https://openalex.org/W4232079462","https://openalex.org/W4242893466","https://openalex.org/W4244748967","https://openalex.org/W4245520133","https://openalex.org/W4252178027","https://openalex.org/W4252406748","https://openalex.org/W4255814112","https://openalex.org/W4256571328","https://openalex.org/W4360836968","https://openalex.org/W4388282970","https://openalex.org/W6608787115","https://openalex.org/W6628968336","https://openalex.org/W6636916041","https://openalex.org/W6638035981","https://openalex.org/W6676218802","https://openalex.org/W6682400473","https://openalex.org/W6694993317","https://openalex.org/W6715283123","https://openalex.org/W6752234665","https://openalex.org/W6755348839","https://openalex.org/W6763197396","https://openalex.org/W6764665882","https://openalex.org/W6767051789","https://openalex.org/W6770527548","https://openalex.org/W6850936240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387404794","https://openalex.org/W2380479582","https://openalex.org/W2077662497","https://openalex.org/W2306458663","https://openalex.org/W2204267655","https://openalex.org/W1836195128","https://openalex.org/W4387405288","https://openalex.org/W2160442321","https://openalex.org/W4205821404","https://openalex.org/W4387404506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"emotions":[1,15],"is":[2,23],"key":[3],"to":[4,70,77,101,112],"Affective":[5],"Computing.":[6],"Emotion":[7],"recognition":[8,116],"focuses":[9],"on":[10],"the":[11,33,59,96,102,119],"communicative":[12],"component":[13,37,61],"of":[14,32,38,58,62,104],"encoded":[16],"in":[17],"social":[18,84],"signals.":[19],"This":[20,40],"view":[21],"alone":[22],"insufficient":[24],"for":[25,54],"a":[26,43,51,113],"deeper":[27,55],"understanding":[28],"and":[29,76,91,109,121],"computational":[30,56],"representation":[31],"internal,":[34],"subjectively":[35],"experienced":[36],"emotions.":[39,63],"paper":[41],"presents":[42],"cognition-based":[44],"method":[45,100],"called":[46],"<sc":[47,64,97],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[48,65,98],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Deep</small>":[49,66,99],"as":[50,106],"starting":[52],"point":[53],"modeling":[57],"internal":[60,73],"incorporates":[67],"an":[68,107],"approach":[69],"query":[71],"individual":[72],"emotional":[74],"experiences":[75],"represent":[78],"such":[79],"information":[80],"computationally.":[81],"It":[82],"combines":[83],"signals,":[85],"verbalized":[86],"introspection":[87],"information,":[88,90],"context":[89],"theory-driven":[92],"knowledge.":[93],"We":[94],"apply":[95],"emotion":[103,115],"shame":[105],"example":[108],"compare":[110],"it":[111],"typical":[114],"model,":[117],"highlighting":[118],"differences":[120],"advantages.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}