{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120802549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","title":"Silicon Copp\u00e9lia and the Formalization of the Affective Process","display_name":"Silicon Copp\u00e9lia and the Formalization of the Affective Process","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120802549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","mag":"3120802549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5165369/10056372/09318470.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104780363","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","issn_l":"1949-3045","issn":["1949-3045","2371-9850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5165369/10056372/09318470.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087594729","display_name":"Johan F. Hoorn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3427-5681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johan F. Hoorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3427-5681","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, School of Design, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078442674","display_name":"Thomas Baier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1260-3373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Baier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096905596","display_name":"Jeroen van Maanen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-3756"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeroen van Maanen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Future Group, R&#x00F6;ntgenlaan 27, DX Zoetermeer, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-3756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Group, R&#x00F6;ntgenlaan 27, DX Zoetermeer, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001743181","display_name":"Jeroen Wester","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098600","display_name":"Noldus Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00tzgse53","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098600"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeroen Wester","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wieswies-Information Technology and Services, Heirweg 34, Sleen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wieswies-Information Technology and Services, Heirweg 34, Sleen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098600"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"fwci":1.236,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78146397,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"255","last_page":"278"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9563000202178955,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copp","display_name":"COPP","score":0.7443395853042603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6002265810966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.486361563205719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.47845959663391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feeling","display_name":"Feeling","score":0.4717729091644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.47167596220970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scrutiny","display_name":"Scrutiny","score":0.4329962134361267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.336811900138855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.32011955976486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.1768011748790741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.15956801176071167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779543040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024110","display_name":"COPP","level":5,"score":0.7443395853042603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6002265810966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.486361563205719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47845959663391113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.4717729091644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.47167596220970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776050585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7439360","display_name":"Scrutiny","level":2,"score":0.4329962134361267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.336811900138855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32011955976486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1768011748790741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15956801176071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779219270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419972","display_name":"Heme oxygenase","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776217839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189621","display_name":"Heme","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5165369/10056372/09318470.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104780363","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","issn_l":"1949-3045","issn":["1949-3045","2371-9850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:openaire/d4ad6a63-c984-4f9b-a9e9-377278ff9ff2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/d4ad6a63-c984-4f9b-a9e9-377278ff9ff2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hoorn, J, Baier, T, Van Maanen, J A N & Wester, J 2023, 'Silicon Copp\u00e9lia and the Formalization of the Affective Process', IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 255-278. https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/105034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/105034","pdf_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/105034/1/Hoorn_Silicon_Coppelia_Formalization.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/d4ad6a63-c984-4f9b-a9e9-377278ff9ff2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/d4ad6a63-c984-4f9b-a9e9-377278ff9ff2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hoorn, J, Baier, T, Van Maanen, J A N & Wester, J 2023, 'Silicon Copp\u00e9lia and the Formalization of the Affective Process', IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 255-278. https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2020.3048587","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/5165369/10056372/09318470.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104780363","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","issn_l":"1949-3045","issn":["1949-3045","2371-9850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321014","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322598","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120802549.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120802549.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W638332007","https://openalex.org/W1487438185","https://openalex.org/W1526930468","https://openalex.org/W1535789137","https://openalex.org/W1548771684","https://openalex.org/W1550236353","https://openalex.org/W1559672525","https://openalex.org/W1561699096","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1867691547","https://openalex.org/W1977137834","https://openalex.org/W1999283108","https://openalex.org/W2005240945","https://openalex.org/W2013040441","https://openalex.org/W2027693172","https://openalex.org/W2059975159","https://openalex.org/W2064090456","https://openalex.org/W2072588083","https://openalex.org/W2078568639","https://openalex.org/W2088563966","https://openalex.org/W2096768134","https://openalex.org/W2099283244","https://openalex.org/W2101630796","https://openalex.org/W2104674963","https://openalex.org/W2120784621","https://openalex.org/W2122838209","https://openalex.org/W2126394825","https://openalex.org/W2126592587","https://openalex.org/W2157884135","https://openalex.org/W2163047798","https://openalex.org/W2168359206","https://openalex.org/W2169166781","https://openalex.org/W2296598215","https://openalex.org/W2336562112","https://openalex.org/W2339343773","https://openalex.org/W2584561145","https://openalex.org/W2587658929","https://openalex.org/W2748216364","https://openalex.org/W2757278639","https://openalex.org/W2776795977","https://openalex.org/W2899169903","https://openalex.org/W2962769166","https://openalex.org/W3027181565","https://openalex.org/W3099932909","https://openalex.org/W4205772790","https://openalex.org/W4214831569","https://openalex.org/W4214880468","https://openalex.org/W4230277160","https://openalex.org/W4231119075","https://openalex.org/W4253974119","https://openalex.org/W4254254617","https://openalex.org/W4388252364","https://openalex.org/W6678186654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2385716372","https://openalex.org/W2062621683","https://openalex.org/W2073688035","https://openalex.org/W3030240910","https://openalex.org/W138703821","https://openalex.org/W2386900844","https://openalex.org/W2379493587","https://openalex.org/W1978600398","https://openalex.org/W2371192862","https://openalex.org/W4285678604"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"After":[0],"20":[1],"years":[2],"of":[3,21,45,65,86,120,127,150,161,165,189],"testing":[4],"a":[5,18,71,84,142,159],"framework":[6],"for":[7],"affective":[8],"user":[9,80,122],"responses":[10],"to":[11,25,31,61,68,76,100,183],"artificial":[12],"agents":[13],"and":[14,56,63,123,145,185],"robots,":[15],"we":[16,37,140],"compiled":[17],"full":[19],"formalization":[20],"our":[22,39,151],"findings":[23],"so":[24],"make":[26],"the":[27,43,46,66,79,90,103,137,147],"agent":[28,174],"respond":[29],"affectively":[30],"its":[32,121,128,132],"user.":[33,91],"Silicon":[34,113,179],"Copp\u00e9lia":[35,114,180],"as":[36,81,83],"dubbed":[38],"system":[40,152],"works":[41],"from":[42],"features":[44],"observed":[47],"other,":[48],"appraises":[49],"these":[50],"in":[51,95,193],"various":[52],"domains":[53],"(e.g.,":[54],"ethics":[55],"affordances),":[57],"then":[58],"compares":[59],"them":[60],"goals":[62,175],"concerns":[64],"agent,":[67],"finally":[69],"reach":[70],"response":[72],"that":[73,98],"includes":[74],"intentions":[75],"work":[77],"with":[78,89,117],"well":[82],"level":[85],"being":[87],"engaged":[88],"This":[92],"ultimately":[93],"results":[94],"an":[96,154,190],"action":[97],"adds":[99],"or":[101],"changes":[102],"situation":[104],"both":[105],"agencies":[106],"are":[107],"in.":[108],"Unlike":[109],"many":[110],"other":[111],"systems,":[112],"can":[115],"deal":[116],"ambiguous":[118,125],"emotions":[119],"has":[124],"\u2018feelings\u2019":[126],"own,":[129],"which":[130,166],"makes":[131],"decisions":[133],"quite":[134],"human-like.":[135],"In":[136],"current":[138],"paper,":[139],"advance":[141],"fuzzy-sets":[143],"approach":[144],"show":[146],"inner":[148],"workings":[149],"through":[153],"elaborate":[155],"example.":[156],"We":[157],"present":[158],"number":[160],"simulation":[162],"experiments,":[163],"one":[164],"showed":[167],"decision":[168],"behaviors":[169],"based":[170],"on":[171],"biases":[172],"when":[173],"had":[176],"low":[177],"priorities.":[178],"is":[181],"open":[182],"scrutiny":[184],"experimentation":[186],"by":[187],"way":[188],"open-source":[191],"implementation":[192],"Ptolemy.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
