{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162336094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3695864","title":"Transceive Beamforming in FDA-MIMO-Based Dual-Function Radar-Communication Systems for Low Probability of Interception","display_name":"Transceive Beamforming in FDA-MIMO-Based Dual-Function Radar-Communication Systems for Low Probability of Interception","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162336094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3695864"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2026.3695864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3695864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086900583","display_name":"Haozheng Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haozheng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education,, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4522-6249","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education,, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136978124","display_name":"Chenguang Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenguang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education,, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2507-2954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education,, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026104904","display_name":"Jie Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3208-9073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjiang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education,, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-4215","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education,, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83840912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"11599","last_page":"11618"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9646999835968018,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9646999835968018,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.5077999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interception","display_name":"Interception","score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.4002000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.37770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.3391000032424927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5753999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.5077999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61270487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476843","display_name":"Interception","level":2,"score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.4002000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.37770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.3391000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.33809998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158457486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17104301","display_name":"Multidimensional systems","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2026.3695864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3695864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5605735182762146,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7041155266","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20220055052001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326181","funder_display_name":"National Aerospace Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7698470748","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20240181","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312071","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Libya","ror":"https://ror.org/02w030k33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322438","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326181","display_name":"National Aerospace Science Foundation of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Low":[0],"probability":[1],"of":[2,11,23,100,117,125,163],"interception":[3],"(LPI)":[4],"technology":[5],"is":[6,112,144],"critical":[7],"for":[8,39,55,146],"the":[9,20,24,52,56,62,71,104,115,123,133,185],"self-protection":[10],"dual-function":[12],"radar-communication":[13],"(DFRC)":[14],"systems":[15],"in":[16,96,179],"hostile":[17],"environments.":[18],"However,":[19],"range-dimensional":[21],"uncontrollability":[22],"beampattern":[25,74,105],"imposes":[26],"a":[27,36,140],"bottleneck":[28],"limitation":[29],"on":[30],"LPI":[31,109,186],"development.":[32],"This":[33],"paper":[34],"investigates":[35],"transceive":[37],"beamforming":[38,119],"frequency":[40,65],"diverse":[41],"array":[42],"(FDA)-multiple-input":[43],"multiple-output":[44],"(MIMO)-based":[45],"DFRC":[46,58],"systems.":[47],"Initially,":[48],"we":[49],"innovatively":[50],"construct":[51],"signal":[53],"model":[54],"FDA-MIMO":[57],"system,":[59],"which":[60],"surmounts":[61],"inseparability":[63],"between":[64],"offsets":[66],"and":[67,75,128,159,176],"transmitting":[68,118],"antennas.":[69],"Subsequently,":[70],"equivalent":[72],"transmitted":[73],"communication":[76,91,129,178],"channel":[77],"are":[78,93],"derived":[79],"into":[80],"two-dimensional":[81,180],"range-angle":[82,88,98,181],"expressions,":[83],"aiming":[84],"to":[85,122],"implement":[86],"joint":[87],"beamforming.":[89],"The":[90,108],"symbols":[92],"strategically":[94],"placed":[95],"predetermined":[97],"positions":[99],"each":[101],"user":[102],"through":[103],"modulation":[106],"technique.":[107],"optimization":[110],"problem":[111,135],"formulated":[113],"as":[114],"minimization":[116,157],"power,":[120],"subject":[121],"constraints":[124],"radar":[126],"SINR":[127],"sum-rate.":[130],"To":[131],"tackle":[132],"non-convex":[134],"with":[136],"high-dimensional":[137],"nonlinear":[138],"constraints,":[139],"distributed":[141],"alternating":[142,160],"algorithm":[143],"developed":[145],"fast":[147],"solving,":[148],"involving":[149],"sequence":[150],"convex":[151],"approximation":[152],"(SCA),":[153],"weighted":[154],"mean-square":[155],"error":[156],"(WMMSE),":[158],"direction":[161],"method":[162,171],"multipliers":[164],"(ADMM).":[165],"Simulation":[166],"results":[167],"demonstrate":[168],"that":[169],"our":[170],"achieves":[172],"punctate":[173],"multi-target":[174],"detection":[175],"multi-user":[177],"planes,":[182],"enormously":[183],"facilitating":[184],"capability.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2026-05-26T00:00:00"}
