{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161782407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3695497","title":"UDPE: Unsupervised Dual-Parameter Estimation for Radar Target Detection in HFSWR With Weibull Clutter","display_name":"UDPE: Unsupervised Dual-Parameter Estimation for Radar Target Detection in HFSWR With Weibull Clutter","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161782407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3695497"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2026.3695497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3695497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136509372","display_name":"Fanglin Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanglin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0153-6768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136566392","display_name":"Yang Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0680-761X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074178947","display_name":"Xinyu Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7772-9084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6028-3343","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136593913","display_name":"Xiao Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4997-6035","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004438657","display_name":"Wentong Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0047-1198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentong Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2673-3359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136505449","display_name":"Jiahui Niu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahui Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3505-0372","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136541614","display_name":"Bin Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3490-5080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Electronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80942594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"11619","last_page":"11635"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.819599986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.819599986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.0877000018954277,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.018200000748038292,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.7800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.569599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.5627999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moving-target-indication","display_name":"Moving target indication","score":0.5015000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-horizon","display_name":"Radar horizon","score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-signal-processing","display_name":"Radar signal processing","score":0.4713999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stationary-target-indication","display_name":"Stationary target indication","score":0.459199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.4577000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-detection","display_name":"Radar detection","score":0.44110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave-radar","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","score":0.399399995803833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6333000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.569599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.5627999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162416716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446180","display_name":"Moving target indication","level":5,"score":0.5015000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49889999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131493965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279983","display_name":"Radar horizon","level":5,"score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987759513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar signal processing","level":4,"score":0.4713999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51196962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16966352","display_name":"Stationary target indication","level":5,"score":0.459199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.4577000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989048297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930654","display_name":"Radar detection","level":3,"score":0.44110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.399399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71052889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16905219","display_name":"Early-warning radar","level":5,"score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139931591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029151","display_name":"Pulse-Doppler radar","level":4,"score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.38449999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147345108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693040","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","level":5,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173291955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732332","display_name":"Weibull distribution","level":2,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173028925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7831461","display_name":"Track-before-detect","level":4,"score":0.3596000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114445506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196868","display_name":"Secondary surveillance radar","level":3,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984296375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar systems","level":3,"score":0.32510000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185565061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878284","display_name":"Radar lock-on","level":5,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134406370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832005","display_name":"Radar engineering details","level":4,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.3156000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81076408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229387","display_name":"3D radar","level":5,"score":0.31150001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.3052999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50151734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759577","display_name":"Matched filter","level":3,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.29409998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778559676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334213","display_name":"Doppler radar","level":3,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2026.3695497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3695497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8301702770","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5c0f\u6837\u672c\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5730\u6ce2\u96f7\u8fbe\u7535\u79bb\u5c42\u6742\u6ce2\u667a\u80fd\u591a\u7b56\u7565\u6291\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071156","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"performance":[1,249],"of":[2,17,28,35,70,76,83,116,133,142,164,173,201],"existing":[3],"moment-based":[4],"constant":[5],"false":[6],"alarm":[7],"rate":[8],"(CFAR)":[9],"detectors":[10],"is":[11,100,125,128,186,216],"constrained":[12],"by":[13,130,145],"the":[14,21,25,44,48,68,74,80,114,131,139,147,150,162,171,199,242],"limited":[15],"availability":[16],"homogeneous":[18],"samples":[19,53,148],"and":[20,79,136,158,192,225,235,253],"difficulty":[22],"in":[23,32,60,105,205],"modeling":[24],"local":[26],"correlation":[27],"clutter,":[29],"which":[30,127,218],"result":[31],"inaccurate":[33],"estimation":[34,56,77,92,123,167,184,213,228],"clutter":[36,52,72,143],"distribution":[37],"parameters.":[38],"Although":[39],"neural":[40],"networks":[41],"(NNs)":[42],"have":[43],"potential":[45],"to":[46,54,67,112,188,197,222],"exploit":[47,189],"spatial":[49],"correlations":[50,191],"among":[51],"enhance":[55,226],"accuracy,":[57],"their":[58],"deployment":[59],"practical":[61],"radar":[62,109],"scenarios":[63],"remains":[64],"challenging":[65],"due":[66],"unavailability":[69],"true":[71],"parameters,":[73],"inconsistency":[75,163],"errors,":[78],"inherent":[81,204],"randomness":[82],"NNs.":[84],"To":[85,177],"overcome":[86,113],"these":[87],"challenges,":[88],"an":[89,96,120,209],"unsupervised":[90,121,211],"dual-parameter":[91],"(UDPE)":[93],"method":[94,244],"within":[95],"ensemble":[97,210],"learning":[98],"framework":[99],"proposed":[101,243],"for":[102],"target":[103,247],"detection":[104,248],"high-frequency":[106],"surface":[107],"wave":[108],"(HFSWR).":[110],"First,":[111],"problem":[115,200],"unavailable":[117],"ground":[118],"truth,":[119],"moment":[122,166,183,207,212],"network":[124,185,214],"developed,":[126],"inspired":[129],"concept":[132],"data":[134,144,239],"reconstruction":[135],"accurately":[137],"estimates":[138],"three":[140],"moments":[141],"utilizing":[146],"surrounding":[149],"cell":[151],"under":[152],"test":[153],"(CUT).":[154],"Second,":[155],"we":[156],"identify":[157],"theoretically":[159],"analyze":[160],"that":[161,241],"NN":[165],"errors":[168],"significantly":[169],"affects":[170],"accuracy":[172],"shape":[174],"parameter":[175,255],"estimation.":[176,256],"alleviate":[178],"this":[179],"issue,":[180],"a":[181],"multi-channel":[182],"constructed":[187],"inter-channel":[190],"improve":[193],"error":[194],"consistency.":[195],"Third,":[196],"mitigate":[198],"random":[202],"fluctuations":[203],"single-network":[206],"estimation,":[208],"(EUME-Net)":[215],"designed,":[217],"leverages":[219],"model":[220],"aggregation":[221],"reduce":[223],"variance":[224],"overall":[227],"accuracy.":[229],"Finally,":[230],"experiments":[231],"on":[232],"both":[233],"simulated":[234],"measured":[236],"shore-based":[237],"HFSWR":[238],"demonstrate":[240],"achieves":[245],"superior":[246],"through":[250],"more":[251],"accurate":[252],"efficient":[254]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-23T06:36:01.041984","created_date":"2026-05-21T00:00:00"}