{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127117343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3660234","title":"LPI-Based Power and Dwell Time Allocation for Target Tracking via Manifold Optimization","display_name":"LPI-Based Power and Dwell Time Allocation for Target Tracking via Manifold Optimization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127117343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3660234"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2026.3660234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3660234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050401028","display_name":"Yipeng Zhong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yipeng Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1444-5330","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015048243","display_name":"jinfeng Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123686","display_name":"Quzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/024nfx323","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123686"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinfeng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9480-5242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123686","https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080510974","display_name":"Kai Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-4665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-4665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059841634","display_name":"Kaizhi Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaizhi Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124751691","display_name":"Jing Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Complex Aviation System Simulation Laboratory, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Complex Aviation System Simulation Laboratory, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070206873","display_name":"Jie Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-7546"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069565805","display_name":"Jiacheng Gou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiacheng Gou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2483-3574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.6428,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97484451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"5672","last_page":"5686"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.32910001277923584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.32910001277923584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.16930000483989716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13371","display_name":"Military Defense Systems Analysis","score":0.11710000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dwell-time","display_name":"Dwell time","score":0.5767999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.42289999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-probability-of-intercept-radar","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","score":0.36550000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151637689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318064","display_name":"Dwell time","level":2,"score":0.5767999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5058000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.42289999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36820000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147345108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693040","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","level":5,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91765299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3424292","display_name":"Lagrangian relaxation","level":2,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.3140999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776848632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853463","display_name":"Clipping (morphology)","level":2,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6180225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3411771","display_name":"Penalty method","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2026.3660234","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3660234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1100709512","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62501112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3259167901","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025M773511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5602937271","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62231006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"modern":[1],"electronic":[2],"warfare":[3],"environments,":[4],"resource":[5],"allocation":[6],"can":[7],"improve":[8],"the":[9,24,32,50,54,89,94,99,107,130,137,147,165,174,178,189],"tracking":[10,179],"accuracy":[11,180],"and":[12,66,93,125,136,202],"anti-interception":[13],"capability":[14],"of":[15,27,53,197],"radar":[16,29],"networks.":[17],"The":[18,42],"main":[19],"challenge":[20],"is":[21,44,103,134,143,181,192],"to":[22,30,46,49,145,163,186,200,207],"coordinate":[23],"transmit":[25,90],"power":[26,91,124],"each":[28],"reduce":[31],"Posterior":[33],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[34],"lower":[35],"bound":[36],"(PCRLB)":[37],"while":[38,98],"ensuring":[39],"low":[40,55,108],"interception.":[41],"problem":[43,149],"difficult":[45],"solve":[47,164],"due":[48],"non-convex":[51],"nature":[52],"interception":[56],"constraint.":[57,110],"Existing":[58],"methods":[59,65,69],"are":[60,73],"mainly":[61],"divided":[62],"into":[63,150],"heuristic":[64],"convex":[67],"relaxation":[68,79],"(CRM),":[70],"but":[71],"they":[72],"computationally":[74],"expensive":[75],"or":[76],"have":[77],"large":[78],"losses.":[80],"We":[81],"note":[82],"that":[83],"real":[84,138],"sphere":[85,139],"manifolds":[86],"naturally":[87],"satisfy":[88],"constraint":[92],"dwell":[95,126],"time":[96,127,191],"constraint,":[97],"exact":[100,117,131],"penalty":[101,118,132],"term":[102,133],"suitable":[104],"for":[105,123],"handling":[106],"intercept":[109],"Using":[111],"these":[112],"properties,":[113],"we":[114,155],"propose":[115],"an":[116,151,195],"manifold":[119,141],"optimization":[120],"(EPMO)":[121],"framework":[122],"allocation.":[128],"First,":[129],"introduced":[135],"product":[140],"(RSPM)":[142],"constructed":[144],"transform":[146],"original":[148],"unconstrained":[152],"problem.":[153,166],"Then,":[154],"derive":[156],"a":[157],"parallel":[158],"limited":[159],"Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno":[160],"(PL-BFGS)":[161],"algorithm":[162],"Compared":[167],"with":[168],"existing":[169],"methods,":[170],"this":[171],"method":[172],"has":[173],"following":[175],"advantages:":[176],"i)":[177],"improved":[182],"by":[183,194,203],"6%":[184],"compared":[185,199,206],"SPG;":[187],"ii)":[188],"computation":[190],"reduced":[193],"order":[196],"magnitude":[198],"PSO":[201],"about":[204],"40%":[205],"SPG.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-08T06:01:36.053099","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}
