{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416582508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3636130","title":"Exploiting Target Location Distribution in MIMO Radar: PCRB Versus PSBP for Transmit Beampattern Design","display_name":"Exploiting Target Location Distribution in MIMO Radar: PCRB Versus PSBP for Transmit Beampattern Design","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416582508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3636130"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2025.3636130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3636130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046161363","display_name":"Lingyun Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9765-9962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingyun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9765-9962","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016456339","display_name":"Bowen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6366-1397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119896","display_name":"King's College School","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbqcn27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119896"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["King's College London, London, U.K","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6366-1397","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King's College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119896","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100785158","display_name":"Huiyong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3183-6161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiyong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3183-6161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017638299","display_name":"Ziyang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4498-2443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4498-2443","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41835902,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"2247","last_page":"2264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9445000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9445000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.038600001484155655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.7053999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.535099983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5242999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.4465000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.41019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.3968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-engineering-details","display_name":"Radar engineering details","score":0.39489999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-probability-of-intercept-radar","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.3499000072479248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.7053999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6611999869346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.535099983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5242999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5131999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4465000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.41019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.3968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134406370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832005","display_name":"Radar engineering details","level":4,"score":0.39489999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147345108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693040","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","level":5,"score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.351500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.322299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151120012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2143008","display_name":"Passive radar","level":5,"score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57830394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278079","display_name":"Posterior probability","level":3,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139931591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029151","display_name":"Pulse-Doppler radar","level":4,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984296375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar systems","level":3,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81076408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229387","display_name":"3D radar","level":5,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177769412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278090","display_name":"Prior probability","level":3,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2025.3636130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3636130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2407.19209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2407.19209","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3053264495","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5602937271","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62231006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65255600","https://openalex.org/W653761051","https://openalex.org/W1536252645","https://openalex.org/W1615912037","https://openalex.org/W1990958021","https://openalex.org/W2014258443","https://openalex.org/W2018744547","https://openalex.org/W2059210598","https://openalex.org/W2064606025","https://openalex.org/W2082508232","https://openalex.org/W2083606495","https://openalex.org/W2089701475","https://openalex.org/W2097767885","https://openalex.org/W2100060668","https://openalex.org/W2104130465","https://openalex.org/W2114694381","https://openalex.org/W2114809056","https://openalex.org/W2124233298","https://openalex.org/W2125399902","https://openalex.org/W2125883072","https://openalex.org/W2132679193","https://openalex.org/W2142067208","https://openalex.org/W2147708173","https://openalex.org/W2148681057","https://openalex.org/W2171576754","https://openalex.org/W2192698682","https://openalex.org/W2404122704","https://openalex.org/W2545508019","https://openalex.org/W2548996250","https://openalex.org/W2606615778","https://openalex.org/W2708665101","https://openalex.org/W2773094766","https://openalex.org/W2800132606","https://openalex.org/W2809430501","https://openalex.org/W2945517207","https://openalex.org/W3012445440","https://openalex.org/W3129761640","https://openalex.org/W4294982779","https://openalex.org/W4309622971","https://openalex.org/W4322627204","https://openalex.org/W4390480934"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,31,48,53,56,61,67,72,83,100,104,115,130,135,155,162,167,203],"issue":[4],"of":[5,36,55,75,94,103,108,117,138,157,202],"how":[6],"to":[7,29,113,184,195],"exploit":[8],"prior":[9,41,119],"target":[10,62,76,139],"location":[11,34,63,77,140],"distribution":[12,42,78,141],"for":[13],"multiple":[14,16],"input":[15],"output":[17],"(MIMO)":[18],"radar":[19,27,58,84,148,158,172,204],"transmit":[20,173],"beampattern":[21,152,174],"design.":[22],"We":[23],"consider":[24],"a":[25,37,91,146,197],"MIMO":[26,57],"aiming":[28],"estimate":[30],"random":[32],"angular":[33],"parameters":[35],"point":[38],"target,":[39],"whose":[40],"information":[43,120],"can":[44],"be":[45],"exploited":[46],"by":[47,81,144],"radar.":[49],"First,":[50],"we":[51,70,133,165],"establish":[52],"models":[54],"system":[59],"and":[60,89,169,177,181,200],"distribution.":[64],"Based":[65],"on":[66],"considered":[68],"models,":[69],"propose":[71,178],"first":[73],"category":[74,137],"exploitation":[79,142],"methods":[80,143],"analyzing":[82],"direction-of-angle":[85],"(DoA)":[86],"estimation":[87,131],"performance":[88],"deriving":[90],"general":[92],"form":[93],"posterior":[95],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[96],"bound":[97,102],"(PCRB)":[98],"as":[99],"lower":[101],"mean":[105],"square":[106],"error":[107],"DoA":[109],"estimation.":[110],"Following":[111],"this,":[112],"investigate":[114],"potential":[116],"leveraging":[118],"from":[121,154],"two":[122,163],"distinct":[123],"perspectives,":[124],"thereby":[125],"providing":[126],"deeper":[127],"insights":[128],"into":[129],"process,":[132],"proposed":[134],"second":[136],"introducing":[145],"novel":[147],"metric,":[149],"probability":[150],"scaled":[151],"(PSBP),":[153],"perspective":[156],"beampattern.":[159],"To":[160],"compare":[161],"methods,":[164],"formulate":[166],"PCRB":[168],"PSBP":[170],"oriented":[171],"design":[175],"problems":[176],"corresponding":[179],"low-complexity":[180],"convergence-guaranteed":[182],"algorithms":[183],"tackle":[185],"them.":[186],"Finally,":[187],"numerical":[188],"simulations":[189],"are":[190],"conducted":[191],"in":[192],"different":[193],"scenarios":[194],"provide":[196],"comprehensive":[198],"evaluation":[199],"comparison":[201],"performance.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}