{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415971234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3630167","title":"Self-Supervised Continual Learning for SAR-ATR: A Local Feature Adaptation Framework","display_name":"Self-Supervised Continual Learning for SAR-ATR: A Local Feature Adaptation Framework","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415971234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3630167"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2025.3630167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3630167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016613031","display_name":"Sihang Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4666-0090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sihang Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101937398","display_name":"Yifei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5346-5341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaoting Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2019-2874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoting Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology and the Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology and the Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, University of Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology and the Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology and the Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101410445","display_name":"Zhaoqiang Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0630-3339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoqiang Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101928834","display_name":"Xiaoyue Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6017-2486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyue Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067339415","display_name":"Shuliang Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-6017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuliang Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","school of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"school of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101536090","display_name":"Xiaoyi Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0428-6224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyi Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016613031"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17038127,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":null,"first_page":"1378","last_page":"1393"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.588699996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.588699996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.32269999384880066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.01489999983459711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6531999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5958999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5446000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-adaptation","display_name":"Domain adaptation","score":0.5331000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5202000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-target-recognition","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","score":0.477400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4749000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4505000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.771399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7174000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6531999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5958999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5446000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776434776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19246213","display_name":"Domain adaptation","level":3,"score":0.5331000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5202000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4837999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117623542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621974","display_name":"Automatic target recognition","level":3,"score":0.477400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4749000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4505000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.4018999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61272859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834031","display_name":"Transferability","level":3,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.3278000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28006648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934509","display_name":"Multi-task learning","level":3,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30673951","display_name":"Labeled data","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2025.3630167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3630167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1126404396","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201461","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2501565072","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G50510674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-ZDLGY-44","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7903904782","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023ZDLGY16","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8267311821","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-ZDLGY-12","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2010853190","https://openalex.org/W2119885577","https://openalex.org/W2473930607","https://openalex.org/W2560647685","https://openalex.org/W2914204846","https://openalex.org/W2922706279","https://openalex.org/W2945014618","https://openalex.org/W2954929116","https://openalex.org/W2963588172","https://openalex.org/W2964189064","https://openalex.org/W3004711070","https://openalex.org/W3030364939","https://openalex.org/W3094146654","https://openalex.org/W3137365474","https://openalex.org/W3160103175","https://openalex.org/W3162410350","https://openalex.org/W3163939464","https://openalex.org/W3164393065","https://openalex.org/W3174852108","https://openalex.org/W3181161034","https://openalex.org/W3207962952","https://openalex.org/W4221144447","https://openalex.org/W4221161784","https://openalex.org/W4292793894","https://openalex.org/W4293057377","https://openalex.org/W4293066019","https://openalex.org/W4295789386","https://openalex.org/W4295934960","https://openalex.org/W4307396019","https://openalex.org/W4310595712","https://openalex.org/W4361798745","https://openalex.org/W4364388218","https://openalex.org/W4378194802","https://openalex.org/W4379528793","https://openalex.org/W4383752760","https://openalex.org/W4385805188","https://openalex.org/W4386453448","https://openalex.org/W4386918742","https://openalex.org/W4387623784","https://openalex.org/W4388739267","https://openalex.org/W4389610326","https://openalex.org/W4390780017","https://openalex.org/W4391128424","https://openalex.org/W4391582449","https://openalex.org/W4392173735","https://openalex.org/W4396732961","https://openalex.org/W4400680576","https://openalex.org/W4402092710","https://openalex.org/W4402125737","https://openalex.org/W4402734376","https://openalex.org/W4404371571","https://openalex.org/W4404371698","https://openalex.org/W4405689566","https://openalex.org/W4406610410","https://openalex.org/W4406921704","https://openalex.org/W4408399440","https://openalex.org/W4412375661"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Label":[0],"issue":[1],"in":[2,55,148,153],"synthetic":[3],"aperture":[4],"radar":[5,15],"automatic":[6],"target":[7,28],"recognition":[8],"(SAR":[9],"ATR)":[10],"stems":[11],"from":[12,77,88],"two":[13],"sources:":[14],"imagery":[16],"requires":[17],"domain":[18],"experts":[19],"for":[20],"slow":[21],"annotation,":[22],"and":[23,38,44,51,129,151],"the":[24,42,52,89],"privacy-sensitive":[25],"nature":[26],"of":[27,46,104],"types":[29],"exists.":[30],"When":[31,100],"most":[32],"continually":[33,84],"acquired":[34],"data":[35],"remain":[36],"unlabeled":[37,90],"labels":[39,105],"are":[40],"delayed/scarce,":[41],"update":[43],"improvement":[45],"SAR":[47,154],"ATR":[48],"is":[49,70],"hindered,":[50],"system's":[53],"timeliness":[54],"dynamic":[56],"task":[57],"environments":[58],"decreases.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"paper,":[62],"a":[63,102,108],"Self-supervised":[64],"Continual":[65],"Feature":[66],"Adaptation":[67],"(SscFA)":[68],"framework":[69],"proposed":[71],"to":[72],"separate":[73],"continual":[74],"representation":[75],"learning":[76,140],"supervised":[78,109],"classifier":[79],"updating.":[80],"A":[81],"self-supervised":[82],"channel":[83],"refines":[85],"base":[86,113,121],"representations":[87,114],"stream":[91],"using":[92],"Barlow-Twins":[93],"contrastive":[94],"loss":[95],"regularized":[96],"by":[97],"Memory-Aware":[98],"Synapses.":[99],"only":[101],"handful":[103],"become":[106],"available,":[107],"adapter":[110],"rapidly":[111],"specializes":[112],"through":[115],"element-wise":[116],"multiplication":[117],"while":[118],"probabilistically":[119],"freezing":[120],"blocks,":[122],"which":[123],"could":[124],"mitigate":[125],"negative":[126],"feature":[127,149],"transfer":[128],"catastrophic":[130],"forgetting.":[131],"Experiments":[132],"on":[133],"three":[134],"popular":[135],"datasets":[136],"under":[137],"label-scarce":[138],"class-incremental":[139],"(SS-CIL)":[141],"settings":[142],"show":[143],"that":[144],"SscFA":[145],"outperforms":[146],"baselines":[147],"transferability":[150],"stability":[152],"ATR.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00"}