{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404132519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3488685","title":"Belief-Propagation-Based Resolvable Group Target Tracking With Unknown Detection Probability","display_name":"Belief-Propagation-Based Resolvable Group Target Tracking With Unknown Detection Probability","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404132519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3488685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2024.3488685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3488685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069239821","display_name":"Guchong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9182-1968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guchong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9182-1968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438655","display_name":"Gang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9755-2781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9755-2781","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016380250","display_name":"You He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-1699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"You He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-1699","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.124,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97527788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"2","first_page":"3683","last_page":"3700"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9445000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9445000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9088000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9004999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.5531651377677917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4767618775367737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.47522690892219543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.45918530225753784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.4569447934627533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-propagation","display_name":"Belief propagation","score":0.44018301367759705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.37995970249176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32509586215019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3243415951728821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3175703287124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26758360862731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.21004480123519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.20380809903144836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17424526810646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.13169404864311218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.5531651377677917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4767618775367737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.47522690892219543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.45918530225753784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.4569447934627533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152948882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4060686","display_name":"Belief propagation","level":3,"score":0.44018301367759705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.37995970249176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32509586215019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3243415951728821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3175703287124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26758360862731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.21004480123519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.20380809903144836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17424526810646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.13169404864311218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2024.3488685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3488685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2856687768","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7284107121","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G2024KY05105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8362816022","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61925106","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579369571","https://openalex.org/W1909771825","https://openalex.org/W1959279866","https://openalex.org/W1974801345","https://openalex.org/W1979348982","https://openalex.org/W2015083454","https://openalex.org/W2018275473","https://openalex.org/W2024779329","https://openalex.org/W2032325588","https://openalex.org/W2049244691","https://openalex.org/W2066705949","https://openalex.org/W2069769628","https://openalex.org/W2077969890","https://openalex.org/W2110012495","https://openalex.org/W2120378065","https://openalex.org/W2126885789","https://openalex.org/W2127923214","https://openalex.org/W2132673546","https://openalex.org/W2137813581","https://openalex.org/W2144617132","https://openalex.org/W2150440166","https://openalex.org/W2154353836","https://openalex.org/W2155680787","https://openalex.org/W2155789682","https://openalex.org/W2157316965","https://openalex.org/W2166368188","https://openalex.org/W2168736992","https://openalex.org/W2330362073","https://openalex.org/W2341459421","https://openalex.org/W2511568459","https://openalex.org/W2586975548","https://openalex.org/W2595600061","https://openalex.org/W2623681295","https://openalex.org/W2780032379","https://openalex.org/W2786070790","https://openalex.org/W2801422522","https://openalex.org/W2891416092","https://openalex.org/W2894226520","https://openalex.org/W2916338813","https://openalex.org/W2921843713","https://openalex.org/W2932520762","https://openalex.org/W2939535628","https://openalex.org/W2945747947","https://openalex.org/W2965621785","https://openalex.org/W2979480132","https://openalex.org/W2989789574","https://openalex.org/W2993465864","https://openalex.org/W3016162056","https://openalex.org/W3027388300","https://openalex.org/W3084747182","https://openalex.org/W3116621361","https://openalex.org/W3125509641","https://openalex.org/W3136401958","https://openalex.org/W3162363345","https://openalex.org/W3187867541","https://openalex.org/W3189502649","https://openalex.org/W3202884586","https://openalex.org/W3210977953","https://openalex.org/W3215632238","https://openalex.org/W4206798850","https://openalex.org/W4210726868","https://openalex.org/W4214918693","https://openalex.org/W4226229863","https://openalex.org/W4236703713","https://openalex.org/W4238187298","https://openalex.org/W4313418887","https://openalex.org/W4315606122","https://openalex.org/W4361029988","https://openalex.org/W4376851245","https://openalex.org/W4384916595","https://openalex.org/W4388461295","https://openalex.org/W4388754583","https://openalex.org/W4394627492","https://openalex.org/W6678267458","https://openalex.org/W6842560079"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963817320","https://openalex.org/W2105035414","https://openalex.org/W2553357593","https://openalex.org/W337130175","https://openalex.org/W2380612839","https://openalex.org/W1567854708","https://openalex.org/W2030126357","https://openalex.org/W2394397806","https://openalex.org/W2653893021","https://openalex.org/W4235384131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"problem":[1],"of":[2,62,84,97,113,151],"<italic":[3,73,108],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[4,74,109],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">resolvable":[5],"group":[6],"target":[7,46,129],"tracking</i>":[8],"(RGTT)":[9],"with":[10,30],"unknown":[11],"detection":[12,23,51,132],"probability":[13,24],"is":[14,78,88,117],"considered":[15],"in":[16,26,90,139],"this":[17],"article.":[18],"To":[19],"adaptively":[20],"match":[21],"the":[22,27,31,45,58,68,70,81,85,93,103,107,114,121,128,147,152],"used":[25,55],"filtering":[28],"process":[29,83],"practical":[32],"tracking":[33],"environment,":[34],"we":[35],"propose":[36],"a":[37],"belief-propagation-based":[38],"robust":[39],"RGTT":[40,143],"algorithm,":[41],"named":[42],"BP-R-RGTT.":[43,154],"Specifically,":[44],"state,":[47],"existence":[48],"variable,":[49],"and":[50,123,131,141,149],"variable":[52],"are":[53,99,137],"first":[54],"to":[56,126,145],"construct":[57],"joint":[59,71],"state":[60,130],"vector":[61],"all":[63],"potential":[64],"targets.":[65],"Then,":[66],"given":[67],"measurements,":[69],"posterior":[72,95],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">probability":[75],"density":[76],"function</i>":[77],"derived.":[79],"Next,":[80],"recursion":[82],"proposed":[86,115,118,153],"BP-R-RGTT":[87,116],"described":[89],"detail,":[91],"where":[92],"marginal":[94],"distributions":[96],"variables":[98],"effectively":[100],"obtained":[101],"via":[102],"BP":[104],"algorithm.":[105],"Lastly,":[106],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Beta-Gaussian":[110],"mixture</i>-based":[111],"implementations":[112],"by":[119],"using":[120],"GM":[122],"Beta":[124],"distribution":[125],"represent":[127],"probability,":[133],"respectively.":[134],"Simulation":[135],"experiments":[136],"provided":[138],"single-sensor":[140],"multisensor":[142],"scenarios":[144],"verify":[146],"superiority":[148],"robustness":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}