{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403390261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3471494","title":"IM-TD3: A Reinforcement Learning Approach for Liquid Rocket Engine Start-Up Optimization","display_name":"IM-TD3: A Reinforcement Learning Approach for Liquid Rocket Engine Start-Up Optimization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403390261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3471494"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2024.3471494","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3471494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416132","display_name":"Yuwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1930-4536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116112352","display_name":"Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7621-7746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147322","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nytyj38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057524247","display_name":"Yuqiang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8492-7556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqiang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045127946","display_name":"Wei Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2410-9935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive Robotics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100599435","display_name":"Jian Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3394-1507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100416132"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92550792,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"2","first_page":"2250","last_page":"2262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12513","display_name":"Rocket and propulsion systems research","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12513","display_name":"Rocket and propulsion systems research","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12567","display_name":"Heat transfer and supercritical fluids","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.562667727470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45244401693344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rocket","display_name":"Rocket (weapon)","score":0.43641138076782227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.3581666946411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3501487970352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15740710496902466}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.562667727470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45244401693344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187878255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037215","display_name":"Rocket (weapon)","level":2,"score":0.43641138076782227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.3581666946411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3501487970352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15740710496902466}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2024.3471494","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3471494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/9d9c393d-186d-4b25-8b81-63fa5948115e","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/9d9c393d-186d-4b25-8b81-63fa5948115e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Liu, Y, Li, Y, Cheng, Y, Pan, W & Wu, J 2024, 'IM-TD3 : A Reinforcement Learning Approach for Liquid Rocket Engine Start-Up Optimization', IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2024.3471494","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40338364","https://openalex.org/W1965343668","https://openalex.org/W2002055013","https://openalex.org/W2009303086","https://openalex.org/W2528092486","https://openalex.org/W2611196272","https://openalex.org/W2925036405","https://openalex.org/W2928696324","https://openalex.org/W2990094407","https://openalex.org/W2990319654","https://openalex.org/W3009483609","https://openalex.org/W3036188038","https://openalex.org/W3042731680","https://openalex.org/W3082839522","https://openalex.org/W3158127795","https://openalex.org/W3183598336","https://openalex.org/W3186455126","https://openalex.org/W3213206045","https://openalex.org/W4205357495","https://openalex.org/W4210747795","https://openalex.org/W4291170426","https://openalex.org/W4292178068","https://openalex.org/W4312534290","https://openalex.org/W4317583623","https://openalex.org/W4379806183","https://openalex.org/W4391100076","https://openalex.org/W4391301895","https://openalex.org/W4392349654","https://openalex.org/W4396587875","https://openalex.org/W6768917372","https://openalex.org/W6794097749","https://openalex.org/W6910546390"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2360879373","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2947562066","https://openalex.org/W4387400414"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"advancements":[1],"in":[2],"reusable":[3],"liquid":[4],"rocket":[5],"engine":[6,16,169],"technology":[7],"to":[8,38,62,104,108,110,126],"meet":[9],"the":[10,39,48,64,78,90,106,111,116,128,142,153],"diverse":[11],"demands":[12],"of":[13,42,93,121,130],"space":[14],"missions,":[15],"systems":[17],"have":[18],"become":[19],"increasingly":[20],"complex.":[21],"In":[22],"most":[23,50],"cases,":[24],"these":[25],"engines":[26],"rely":[27],"on":[28,55,152],"stable":[29,163],"open-loop":[30,56],"control":[31,59,66],"and":[32,44,145,156,161,166],"closed-loop":[33],"regulation":[34],"systems.":[35],"However,":[36],"due":[37],"high":[40],"degree":[41],"coupling":[43],"nonlinear":[45],"dynamics":[46],"within":[47],"system,":[49],"transient":[51],"adjustments":[52],"still":[53],"depend":[54],"control.":[57],"Open-loop":[58],"often":[60],"fails":[61],"provide":[63],"optimal":[65],"strategy":[67],"when":[68],"encountering":[69],"external":[70],"disturbances.":[71],"To":[72],"address":[73],"this":[74],"issue,":[75],"we":[76],"introduce":[77],"intrinsically":[79],"motivated":[80],"twin":[81],"delayed":[82],"deep":[83],"deterministic":[84],"(TD3)":[85],"algorithm,":[86],"specifically":[87],"designed":[88],"for":[89],"startup":[91],"process":[92,165],"LOX/Kerosene":[94],"high-pressure":[95],"staged":[96],"combustion":[97],"engine.":[98],"This":[99],"approach":[100],"leverages":[101],"intrinsic":[102],"motivation":[103],"enable":[105],"algorithm":[107,155],"adapt":[109],"abrupt":[112],"parameter":[113],"changes":[114],"during":[115],"start-up":[117,164],"process.":[118],"A":[119],"series":[120],"comprehensive":[122],"experiments":[123],"were":[124],"conducted":[125],"verify":[127],"effectiveness":[129],"our":[131,138],"method.":[132],"The":[133],"experimental":[134],"results":[135],"demonstrate":[136],"that":[137],"method":[139,144],"outperforms":[140],"both":[141],"PID":[143],"previous":[146],"researchers'":[147],"reinforcement":[148],"learning":[149],"methods":[150],"based":[151],"TD3":[154],"DDPG,":[157],"achieving":[158],"a":[159],"faster":[160],"more":[162],"significantly":[167],"enhancing":[168],"performance.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}