{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391640477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3363674","title":"Optimizing a Formation-of-Arrays (FoA) Satellite Antenna System for Very High-Throughput Communications","display_name":"Optimizing a Formation-of-Arrays (FoA) Satellite Antenna System for Very High-Throughput Communications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391640477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3363674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2024.3363674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3363674","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7/7778228/10428023.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7/7778228/10428023.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016010300","display_name":"Giacomo Bacci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-8024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giacomo Bacci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-8024","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042233653","display_name":"Riccardo De Gaudenzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4948-7599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44377176","display_name":"European Space Research and Technology Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03h3jqn23","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801994115","https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riccardo De Gaudenzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4948-7599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068301009","display_name":"Marco Luise","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7291-0914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Luise","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7291-0914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento Ingegneria dell'Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046717869","display_name":"Elena Sebastiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2502-6253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149390","display_name":"Ospedale di Livorno","ror":"https://ror.org/04yrw5x43","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149390"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena Sebastiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["WISER srl, Livorno, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2502-6253","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WISER srl, Livorno, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011299894","display_name":"Piero Angeletti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-7593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44377176","display_name":"European Space Research and Technology Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03h3jqn23","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801994115","https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piero Angeletti","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-7593","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107233027","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n Per\u00e1n Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-4053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44377176","display_name":"European Space Research and Technology Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03h3jqn23","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801994115","https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n Gonz\u00e1lez","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-4053","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3201,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96370078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"3","first_page":"3348","last_page":"3367"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5614907145500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5158873796463013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4599122107028961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4462237060070038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.44058889150619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.43845316767692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.4168970286846161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3370586633682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25633174180984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23244929313659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.17638781666755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.11430120468139648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.0820932388305664}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5614907145500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5158873796463013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4599122107028961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4462237060070038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.44058889150619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.43845316767692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.4168970286846161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3370586633682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25633174180984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23244929313659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.17638781666755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.11430120468139648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0820932388305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2024.3363674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3363674","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7/7778228/10428023.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1251467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1251467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2024.3363674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3363674","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/7/7778228/10428023.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7205771190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PE00000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391640477.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391640477.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W236203106","https://openalex.org/W326883504","https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1581058907","https://openalex.org/W1609026081","https://openalex.org/W1907729346","https://openalex.org/W1954721086","https://openalex.org/W1963946729","https://openalex.org/W1965517582","https://openalex.org/W2007300012","https://openalex.org/W2015580348","https://openalex.org/W2079032970","https://openalex.org/W2088126692","https://openalex.org/W2130815579","https://openalex.org/W2133445307","https://openalex.org/W2136582281","https://openalex.org/W2155595938","https://openalex.org/W2277196941","https://openalex.org/W2565056670","https://openalex.org/W2598203724","https://openalex.org/W2617278820","https://openalex.org/W2618400464","https://openalex.org/W2775638524","https://openalex.org/W2793010390","https://openalex.org/W2807554399","https://openalex.org/W2894214303","https://openalex.org/W2982491644","https://openalex.org/W2998353873","https://openalex.org/W3006581674","https://openalex.org/W3012402775","https://openalex.org/W3043796598","https://openalex.org/W3184906530","https://openalex.org/W3189999436","https://openalex.org/W3208648132","https://openalex.org/W4205279868","https://openalex.org/W4225593849","https://openalex.org/W4321021446","https://openalex.org/W4327808714","https://openalex.org/W4387414952","https://openalex.org/W6629434309","https://openalex.org/W6636777376","https://openalex.org/W6776046573"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136583354","https://openalex.org/W2111238207","https://openalex.org/W2760721665","https://openalex.org/W2028190576","https://openalex.org/W4206958678","https://openalex.org/W2373343648","https://openalex.org/W2400319883","https://openalex.org/W3110694720","https://openalex.org/W2036271115","https://openalex.org/W2585623765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Formation":[0],"of":[1,20,23,41,59,131,148,158,168,174],"arrays":[2,135],"(FoA)":[3],"distributed":[4,52],"antenna":[5,132],"technology":[6],"has":[7],"recently":[8],"been":[9],"proposed":[10],"to":[11,72,86,112,127,136,138,164],"provide":[12,73],"5G-like":[13],"mobile":[14],"satellites":[15,61,159],"services":[16],"in":[17,39,146,171],"the":[18,21,30,48,57,74,100,129,172,175,182],"context":[19],"integration":[22],"non":[24],"terrestrial":[25,27],"with":[26,155],"networks":[28],"\u2013":[29],"overall":[31],"system":[32,119],"goal":[33],"being":[34],"a":[35,106,117,139,161,165],"sufficiently":[36],"high":[37],"throughput":[38],"terms":[40,147],"bit":[42],"rate":[43],"per":[44],"unit":[45],"area":[46],"on":[47,160],"ground.":[49],"This":[50],"large":[51],"array":[53],"configuration":[54,142],"(resulting":[55],"from":[56,116],"formation":[58,93,149],"many":[60],"each":[62],"carrying":[63],"its":[64],"own":[65],"small":[66],"antenna)":[67],"must":[68],"be":[69],"carefully":[70],"engineered":[71],"desired":[75],"benefits.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78],"paper,":[79],"we":[80,98,124,151],"tackle":[81],"some":[82],"fundamental":[83],"issues":[84],"related":[85],"FoA":[87,102,176],"design,":[88],"namely,frequency":[89],"selectivity,power":[90],"generation,":[91,123],"andoptimal":[92],"configuration.":[94],"Concerning":[95],"frequency":[96,103],"selectivity,":[97],"evaluate":[99],"intrinsic":[101],"response":[104],"assuming":[105],"wideband":[107],"signal,":[108],"and":[109,133,143],"suggest":[110],"how":[111,126],"mitigate":[113],"possible":[114],"impairments":[115],"communication":[118],"perspective.":[120],"Regarding":[121],"power":[122,187],"show":[125],"decouple":[128],"functions":[130],"solar":[134],"come":[137],"power-efficient":[140],"satellite":[141],"design.":[144],"Finally,":[145],"optimization,":[150],"investigate":[152],"aformation":[153],"thinningapproach":[154],"random":[156],"placement":[157],"grid,":[162],"leading":[163],"significant":[166],"reduction":[167],"secondary":[169],"beams":[170],"emission":[173],"as":[177,179],"well":[178],"fully":[180],"satisfying":[181],"constraints":[183],"placed":[184],"by":[185],"optimum":[186],"generation.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}