{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387790133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2023.3325797","title":"Ephemeris Tracking and Error Propagation Analysis of LEO Satellites With Application to Opportunistic Navigation","display_name":"Ephemeris Tracking and Error Propagation Analysis of LEO Satellites With Application to Opportunistic Navigation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387790133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2023.3325797"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2023.3325797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2023.3325797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042618715","display_name":"Nadim Khairallah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0216-0054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadim Khairallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Californi, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0216-0054","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Californi, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051240427","display_name":"Zaher M. Kassas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4388-6142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaher M. Kassas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4388-6142","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":31.1882,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99602738,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"2","first_page":"1242","last_page":"1259"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11701","display_name":"Space Satellite Systems and Control","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ephemeris","display_name":"Ephemeris","score":0.8807295560836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.601502537727356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-analysis","display_name":"Error analysis","score":0.5623475909233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-tracking","display_name":"Satellite tracking","score":0.5495374202728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5053253769874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.49369415640830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-tracker","display_name":"Radar tracker","score":0.4934941530227661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.47313395142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.4581564664840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagation-of-uncertainty","display_name":"Propagation of uncertainty","score":0.44914180040359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.43886786699295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-navigation","display_name":"Satellite navigation","score":0.43063902854919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.3050277829170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2753599286079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.24771326780319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2075490653514862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.18730103969573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.18641752004623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.122805655002594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11025530099868774}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64828349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120200","display_name":"Ephemeris","level":3,"score":0.8807295560836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.601502537727356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018824978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2894891","display_name":"Error analysis","level":2,"score":0.5623475909233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985889645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite tracking","level":3,"score":0.5495374202728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5053253769874573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.49369415640830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.4934941530227661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.47313395142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.4581564664840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123614077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364905","display_name":"Propagation of uncertainty","level":2,"score":0.44914180040359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.43886786699295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36301306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179435","display_name":"Satellite navigation","level":3,"score":0.43063902854919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.3050277829170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2753599286079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24771326780319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2075490653514862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.18730103969573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.18641752004623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.122805655002594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11025530099868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2023.3325797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2023.3325797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3026477609","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"69A3552047138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306108","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Transportation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5977477117","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-19-1-2511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6917870147","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-22-1-0476","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306108","display_name":"U.S. Department of Transportation","ror":"https://ror.org/02xfw2e90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W590604950","https://openalex.org/W650923498","https://openalex.org/W1514458494","https://openalex.org/W1979154650","https://openalex.org/W1986744954","https://openalex.org/W2019394715","https://openalex.org/W2070227346","https://openalex.org/W2090476902","https://openalex.org/W2313522595","https://openalex.org/W2611045431","https://openalex.org/W2766680514","https://openalex.org/W2803514689","https://openalex.org/W2885609546","https://openalex.org/W2898053018","https://openalex.org/W2901591314","https://openalex.org/W2938430142","https://openalex.org/W2946072731","https://openalex.org/W2968172808","https://openalex.org/W2979425263","https://openalex.org/W2980111892","https://openalex.org/W2998591559","https://openalex.org/W3020577435","https://openalex.org/W3023201122","https://openalex.org/W3034639293","https://openalex.org/W3034711326","https://openalex.org/W3036597088","https://openalex.org/W3087952645","https://openalex.org/W3093055699","https://openalex.org/W3103016528","https://openalex.org/W3110191995","https://openalex.org/W3132445847","https://openalex.org/W3133074743","https://openalex.org/W3159943566","https://openalex.org/W3161635463","https://openalex.org/W3168042203","https://openalex.org/W3168083944","https://openalex.org/W3172994895","https://openalex.org/W3189778133","https://openalex.org/W3190250322","https://openalex.org/W3201566337","https://openalex.org/W3203947708","https://openalex.org/W3206060486","https://openalex.org/W3206521719","https://openalex.org/W3207801060","https://openalex.org/W3213072942","https://openalex.org/W4205247428","https://openalex.org/W4210362625","https://openalex.org/W4213224792","https://openalex.org/W4242108514","https://openalex.org/W4285270321","https://openalex.org/W4293057905","https://openalex.org/W4293094175","https://openalex.org/W4379157383","https://openalex.org/W6622659804","https://openalex.org/W6630650335","https://openalex.org/W6630812568","https://openalex.org/W6720165590","https://openalex.org/W6772035195","https://openalex.org/W6787091385","https://openalex.org/W7046793605"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3112350240","https://openalex.org/W2351455331","https://openalex.org/W4297873186","https://openalex.org/W2992969875","https://openalex.org/W2387508886","https://openalex.org/W2167589081","https://openalex.org/W3035139598","https://openalex.org/W2348299521","https://openalex.org/W1580185151","https://openalex.org/W2998591559"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"comprehensive":[1,55],"study":[2],"is":[3,40,52,168,197,237,268,286],"performed":[4],"for":[5,59],"low":[6],"Earth":[7],"orbit":[8],"(LEO)":[9],"space":[10,153,157,162,167],"vehicles":[11],"(SVs)":[12],"tracking":[13,44,87,136,220],"by":[14,225],"a":[15,28,94,201,217,246],"receiver":[16,175,219],"opportunistically":[17],"extracting":[18],"navigation":[19,140],"observables":[20,229],"from":[21,97,148,159,254],"their":[22],"downlink":[23],"radio":[24],"frequency":[25],"signals.":[26],"First,":[27],"framework":[29,88],"to":[30,123,154,163,240,257,280,288],"characterize":[31],"the":[32,43,82,85,91,145,149,155,160,164,171,179,190,193,206,249,272,278,282,284,292],"LEO":[33,95,119,150,207,223,235],"SVs":[34,151,208],"orbital":[35],"motion":[36],"process":[37],"noise":[38],"covariance":[39],"developed.":[41],"Second,":[42],"performance":[45],"via":[46,54,230],"an":[47,117,221,231],"extended":[48],"Kalman":[49],"filter":[50,293],"(EKF)":[51],"analyzed":[53,169],"Monte":[56],"Carlo":[57],"simulations":[58],"three":[60],"different":[61],"sets":[62],"of":[63,84,93,108,116,135,173,181,192,203,216],"observables:":[64],"1)":[65],"pseudorange,":[66],"2)":[67],"Doppler,":[68],"and":[69,73,105,112,126,158,183,189],"3)":[70],"fused":[71],"pseudorange":[72,182],"Doppler":[74,184],"measurements.":[75],"Third,":[76],"experimental":[77,212],"results":[78,213],"are":[79,186,214],"presented":[80,215],"demonstrating":[81],"efficacy":[83],"opportunistic":[86],"in":[89,130,170,205,248,277],"refining":[90],"ephemeris":[92,236,274],"SV":[96,120,224],"two-line":[98],"element":[99],"(TLE)":[100],"files.":[101],"The":[102,233],"initial":[103,251],"position":[104],"velocity":[106],"errors":[107,204],"over":[109,132,262],"7.1":[110],"km":[111],"7.3":[113],"m/s,":[114,128],"respectively,":[115,129],"Orbcomm":[118,222],"were":[121],"reduced":[122,287],"698.7":[124],"m":[125,256,259],"1.8":[127],"just":[131,261],"6":[133,263],"min":[134],"with":[137],"carrier":[138,227],"phase":[139,228],"observables,":[141],"extracted":[142],"opportunistically.":[143],"Fourth,":[144],"error":[146,196,253,285],"propagation":[147],"state":[152,166,209],"measurement":[156,161],"receiver's":[165,194,250],"context":[172],"stationary":[174,218,243],"localization.":[176],"Bounds":[177],"on":[178],"magnitude":[180,191],"residuals":[185],"first":[187],"derived,":[188],"estimation":[195],"then":[198,238],"characterized":[199],"as":[200],"function":[202],"space.":[210],"Fifth,":[211],"fusing":[226],"EKF.":[232],"tracked":[234],"used":[239,276],"localize":[241,281],"another":[242],"receiver,":[244,283],"showing":[245],"reduction":[247],"horizontal":[252],"13,476":[255],"343":[258],"after":[260],"min.":[264],"In":[265],"contrast,":[266],"it":[267],"shown":[269],"that":[270],"if":[271],"SGP4-propagated":[273],"was":[275],"EKF":[279],"6,852":[289],"m,":[290],"but":[291],"becomes":[294],"inconsistent.":[295]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T07:54:00.901334","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
