{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4316876938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2023.3237659","title":"Mechanism and Characteristic of Nonlinear Clutter in Harmonic Radar With Frequency-Modulated Waveform","display_name":"Mechanism and Characteristic of Nonlinear Clutter in Harmonic Radar With Frequency-Modulated Waveform","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4316876938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2023.3237659"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2023.3237659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2023.3237659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068719914","display_name":"Ziyao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7981-7595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7981-7595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014211647","display_name":"Jianxin Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0585-0445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxin Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0585-0445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004425864","display_name":"Ziping Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-1430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziping Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-1430","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091601452","display_name":"Xianrong Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-7835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianrong Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-7835","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5538,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95754663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"4","first_page":"4240","last_page":"4249"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11607","display_name":"Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.8948260545730591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.717782735824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.6252732276916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intermodulation","display_name":"Intermodulation","score":0.5757825374603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5083341002464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stationary-target-indication","display_name":"Stationary target indication","score":0.49489516019821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.49034810066223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4788391590118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.4548015594482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4430769979953766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.44045329093933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonics","display_name":"Harmonics","score":0.42429620027542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-horizon","display_name":"Radar horizon","score":0.4212532639503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave-radar","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","score":0.3880718946456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29889389872550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2859994173049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.2682405710220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2314743995666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2008173167705536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15060263872146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.1140241026878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.07124343514442444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.8948260545730591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.717782735824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.6252732276916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11773624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142232","display_name":"Intermodulation","level":4,"score":0.5757825374603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5083341002464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51196962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16966352","display_name":"Stationary target indication","level":5,"score":0.49489516019821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.49034810066223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4788391590118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4548015594482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4430769979953766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.44045329093933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.42429620027542114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131493965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279983","display_name":"Radar horizon","level":5,"score":0.4212532639503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.3880718946456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29889389872550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2859994173049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.2682405710220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2314743995666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2008173167705536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15060263872146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.1140241026878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.07124343514442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2023.3237659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2023.3237659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2881376500","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071335","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4490898151","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62250024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5167205206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61831009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G999317951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61931015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595851582","https://openalex.org/W1605713656","https://openalex.org/W1978623321","https://openalex.org/W1981532756","https://openalex.org/W1997749727","https://openalex.org/W2008340591","https://openalex.org/W2026606981","https://openalex.org/W2058731211","https://openalex.org/W2073703261","https://openalex.org/W2074437517","https://openalex.org/W2105232465","https://openalex.org/W2154441326","https://openalex.org/W2339445410","https://openalex.org/W2533753321","https://openalex.org/W2616526587","https://openalex.org/W2625705088","https://openalex.org/W2969862876","https://openalex.org/W3018412291","https://openalex.org/W3092405259","https://openalex.org/W3131710487","https://openalex.org/W3155889984","https://openalex.org/W3171113159","https://openalex.org/W3194178935","https://openalex.org/W3201093223","https://openalex.org/W4200262043","https://openalex.org/W4200282581","https://openalex.org/W4245967256","https://openalex.org/W6636289194","https://openalex.org/W6683961803","https://openalex.org/W6801281590"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100586735","https://openalex.org/W3178405604","https://openalex.org/W2386478129","https://openalex.org/W2784019914","https://openalex.org/W2349566327","https://openalex.org/W2549331982","https://openalex.org/W2556237456","https://openalex.org/W2164481644","https://openalex.org/W2972814633","https://openalex.org/W3006975702"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Harmonic":[0],"radar":[1,5,37,116],"is":[2,81,87,102,125,138],"a":[3,47,152],"special":[4,130],"system":[6],"that":[7,83],"has":[8],"been":[9],"widely":[10],"used":[11],"in":[12,22,32,76,114,132,148],"insect":[13],"tracking,":[14],"search":[15],"and":[16,18,54,67,92,143],"rescue,":[17],"electronic":[19],"equipment":[20],"detection":[21],"recent":[23],"years":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,111,127],"its":[27],"excellent":[28],"anti-clutter":[29],"capability.":[30],"However,":[31],"complex":[33,77],"close-range":[34,78],"scenarios,":[35],"harmonic":[36,115],"still":[38],"suffers":[39],"from":[40],"nonlinear":[41,71,85,121,160],"clutter":[42,51,72,86,122,161],"interferences,":[43],"which":[44],"will":[45],"cause":[46],"large":[48],"number":[49],"of":[50,59,70,95],"false":[52],"alarms":[53],"seriously":[55],"affect":[56],"the":[57,65,68,84,90,96,103,107,141,156],"performance":[58],"target":[60],"detection.":[61],"This":[62],"paper":[63,150],"analyzes":[64],"mechanism":[66],"characteristic":[69],"through":[73],"experimental":[74],"results":[75],"scenarios.":[79],"It":[80],"found":[82],"generated":[88],"by":[89,140],"harmonics":[91],"intermodulation":[93,109],"components":[94],"multipath":[97,108],"signals.":[98],"More":[99],"importantly,":[100],"it":[101],"first":[104],"time":[105],"for":[106,155],"phenomenon":[110,131],"be":[112],"revealed":[113],"with":[117],"frequency-modulated":[118],"waveform.":[119],"A":[120],"signal":[123],"model":[124],"developed":[126],"explain":[128],"this":[129,133,149],"paper.":[134],"The":[135,146],"proposed":[136],"theory":[137],"verified":[139],"simulation":[142],"measurement":[144],"results.":[145],"work":[147,158],"lays":[151],"theoretical":[153],"foundation":[154],"subsequent":[157],"on":[159],"suppression.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}