{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3188936045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2021.3103560","title":"Joint Design of Radar Waveform and Detector via End-to-End Learning With Waveform Constraints","display_name":"Joint Design of Radar Waveform and Detector via End-to-End Learning With Waveform Constraints","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3188936045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2021.3103560","mag":"3188936045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2021.3103560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2021.3103560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/157470027/Joint_Design_of_Radar_JIANG_Accepted19July2021_GREEN_AAM.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100702949","display_name":"Wei Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5016-7229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5016-7229","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111244904","display_name":"Alexander M. Haimovich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander M. Haimovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017736224","display_name":"Osvaldo Simeone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-3209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osvaldo Simeone","raw_affiliation_strings":["King\u2019s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9898-3209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King\u2019s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.0466,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9789883,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"1","first_page":"552","last_page":"567"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.8731257319450378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.8403506278991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.671579122543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.6462472081184387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6215435862541199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.46257880330085754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-probability-of-intercept-radar","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","score":0.4372923970222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-engineering-details","display_name":"Radar engineering details","score":0.37249940633773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36150693893432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32298189401626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.2270943522453308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17899709939956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.06465256214141846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.8731257319450378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.8403506278991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.671579122543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.6462472081184387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6215435862541199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46257880330085754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147345108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693040","display_name":"Low probability of intercept radar","level":5,"score":0.4372923970222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134406370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832005","display_name":"Radar engineering details","level":4,"score":0.37249940633773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36150693893432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32298189401626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.2270943522453308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17899709939956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.06465256214141846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2021.3103560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2021.3103560","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:openaire/9bddd74e-3b41-4454-8e51-56848753b44d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/9bddd74e-3b41-4454-8e51-56848753b44d","pdf_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/157470027/Joint_Design_of_Radar_JIANG_Accepted19July2021_GREEN_AAM.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Jiang, W, Haimovich, A M & Simeone, O 2021, 'Joint Design of Radar Waveform and Detector via End-to-end Learning with Waveform Constraints', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2021.3103560","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:openaire/9bddd74e-3b41-4454-8e51-56848753b44d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/9bddd74e-3b41-4454-8e51-56848753b44d","pdf_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/files/157470027/Joint_Design_of_Radar_JIANG_Accepted19July2021_GREEN_AAM.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Jiang, W, Haimovich, A M & Simeone, O 2021, 'Joint Design of Radar Waveform and Detector via End-to-end Learning with Waveform Constraints', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2021.3103560","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3188936045.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3188936045.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595851582","https://openalex.org/W1536252645","https://openalex.org/W1571075643","https://openalex.org/W1578336695","https://openalex.org/W1594563152","https://openalex.org/W1824269011","https://openalex.org/W1979578076","https://openalex.org/W1992874130","https://openalex.org/W2005646389","https://openalex.org/W2073445499","https://openalex.org/W2077811569","https://openalex.org/W2079800918","https://openalex.org/W2094800231","https://openalex.org/W2102213230","https://openalex.org/W2104029796","https://openalex.org/W2106265255","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2109018101","https://openalex.org/W2119343487","https://openalex.org/W2135997380","https://openalex.org/W2142067208","https://openalex.org/W2146825033","https://openalex.org/W2149628166","https://openalex.org/W2155027007","https://openalex.org/W2159607295","https://openalex.org/W2160610877","https://openalex.org/W2170366951","https://openalex.org/W2523246573","https://openalex.org/W2586337839","https://openalex.org/W2605042540","https://openalex.org/W2606615778","https://openalex.org/W2734408173","https://openalex.org/W2770876876","https://openalex.org/W2779699222","https://openalex.org/W2780231131","https://openalex.org/W2884001105","https://openalex.org/W2885033069","https://openalex.org/W2889153869","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2903805593","https://openalex.org/W2911419173","https://openalex.org/W2918628716","https://openalex.org/W2963725328","https://openalex.org/W2965691341","https://openalex.org/W2968026845","https://openalex.org/W2973350822","https://openalex.org/W2973452878","https://openalex.org/W2973945224","https://openalex.org/W2982142226","https://openalex.org/W3010366570","https://openalex.org/W3013196492","https://openalex.org/W3022312941","https://openalex.org/W3155721990","https://openalex.org/W4205197926","https://openalex.org/W4206180546","https://openalex.org/W4240666350","https://openalex.org/W4240925291","https://openalex.org/W4245199142","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6683204974","https://openalex.org/W6684205842","https://openalex.org/W6685562342","https://openalex.org/W6727249380","https://openalex.org/W6755207826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W293646134","https://openalex.org/W3154381281","https://openalex.org/W2091887884","https://openalex.org/W3211830686","https://openalex.org/W2169782458","https://openalex.org/W2464278922","https://openalex.org/W2497112640","https://openalex.org/W2903871247","https://openalex.org/W3080694819","https://openalex.org/W3174280872"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39],"problem":[1],"of":[2,6,35,43,47,57,128,142],"data-driven":[3],"joint":[4],"design":[5,30,95,152],"transmitted":[7,145],"waveform":[8,27,53,78,146],"and":[9,28,54,70,84,133],"detector":[10,29,49,72,119],"in":[11,17],"a":[12,51,61],"radar":[13,37,94,107],"system":[14],"is":[15,104],"addressed":[16],"this":[18],"article.":[19],"We":[20],"propose":[21],"two":[22],"novel":[23],"learning-based":[24],"approaches":[25],"to":[26,112,147],"based":[31],"on":[32,99],"end-to-end":[33],"training":[34,46,117],"the":[36,48,58,65,68,71,90,118,129,137,144],"system.":[38],"first":[40],"approach":[41],"consists":[42],"alternating":[44],"supervised":[45],"for":[50,60],"fixed":[52,62],"reinforcement":[55],"learning":[56,108],"transmitter":[59,69],"detector.":[63],"In":[64],"second":[66],"approach,":[67],"are":[73,87,140],"trained":[74],"simultaneously.":[75],"Various":[76],"operational":[77],"constraints,":[79],"such":[80],"as":[81],"peak-to-average-power":[82],"ratio":[83],"spectral":[85],"compatibility,":[86],"incorporated":[88],"into":[89],"design.":[91],"Unlike":[92],"traditional":[93],"methods":[96,139],"that":[97,106,136],"rely":[98],"rigid":[100],"mathematical":[101],"models,":[102],"it":[103],"shown":[105],"can":[109],"be":[110],"robustified":[111],"uncertainties":[113],"about":[114],"environment":[115],"by":[116],"with":[120],"synthetic":[121],"data":[122],"generated":[123],"from":[124],"multiple":[125],"statistical":[126],"models":[127],"environment.":[130],"Theoretical":[131],"considerations":[132],"results":[134],"show":[135],"proposed":[138],"capable":[141],"adapting":[143],"environmental":[148],"conditions":[149],"while":[150],"satisfying":[151],"constraints.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}