{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3147880701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2021.3069048","title":"Passive Radar Signal Processing in the Presence of Sample Clock Offset","display_name":"Passive Radar Signal Processing in the Presence of Sample Clock Offset","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3147880701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2021.3069048","mag":"3147880701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2021.3069048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2021.3069048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016445152","display_name":"Stephen Searle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-8769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Searle","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Australia,, Adelaide, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Australia,, Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085311010","display_name":"Kutluy\u0131l Do\u011fan\u00e7ay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kutluyil Dogancay","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016445152"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.02,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81514387,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"5","first_page":"3029","last_page":"3041"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5879047513008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5782870054244995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.5378908514976501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5073930621147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-skew","display_name":"Clock skew","score":0.48392659425735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.4838213324546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.46403029561042786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave-radar","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","score":0.45707258582115173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.43287327885627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.42576122283935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.424543172121048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-doppler-radar","display_name":"Pulse-Doppler radar","score":0.41159605979919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3428761959075928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29966628551483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.24928498268127441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2436259388923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.22953033447265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.1868698000907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1584310531616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.12049317359924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10365128517150879}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5879047513008118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5782870054244995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5378908514976501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5073930621147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60501442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4382014","display_name":"Clock skew","level":4,"score":0.48392659425735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.4838213324546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.46403029561042786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59584813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029234","display_name":"Continuous-wave radar","level":4,"score":0.45707258582115173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.43287327885627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.42576122283935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.424543172121048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139931591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029151","display_name":"Pulse-Doppler radar","level":4,"score":0.41159605979919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3428761959075928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29966628551483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.24928498268127441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2436259388923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.22953033447265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.1868698000907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1584310531616211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.12049317359924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10365128517150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2021.3069048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2021.3069048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522515950","https://openalex.org/W1554063464","https://openalex.org/W1995722907","https://openalex.org/W2004380200","https://openalex.org/W2078430012","https://openalex.org/W2096985797","https://openalex.org/W2097123724","https://openalex.org/W2101779810","https://openalex.org/W2101996248","https://openalex.org/W2122038767","https://openalex.org/W2132305759","https://openalex.org/W2139832635","https://openalex.org/W2142886046","https://openalex.org/W2154391508","https://openalex.org/W2155485201","https://openalex.org/W2159995439","https://openalex.org/W2161087431","https://openalex.org/W2167303124","https://openalex.org/W2169046883","https://openalex.org/W2304210408","https://openalex.org/W2548357046","https://openalex.org/W2776153630","https://openalex.org/W2871983882","https://openalex.org/W2903388075","https://openalex.org/W2973528036","https://openalex.org/W2976752891","https://openalex.org/W6681234974","https://openalex.org/W6685023078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2906779926","https://openalex.org/W2164481644","https://openalex.org/W1510207229","https://openalex.org/W2891601849","https://openalex.org/W597465370","https://openalex.org/W2773800728","https://openalex.org/W2371892896","https://openalex.org/W2889736261","https://openalex.org/W2041952770","https://openalex.org/W2621367011"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Passive":[0],"radar":[1,72,81],"signal":[2,13,31,51],"processing":[3],"is":[4,19,119,133],"hindered":[5],"by":[6,126],"the":[7,15,44,48,58,71],"need":[8],"to":[9,21,37,89,135],"sample":[10],"a":[11,54],"reference":[12,30,50],"from":[14,26,104],"chosen":[16],"illuminator,":[17],"which":[18,121],"subject":[20],"sensor":[22],"noise":[23],"and":[24,35],"interference":[25],"clutter":[27],"returns.":[28],"The":[29,130],"may":[32],"be":[33,53],"demodulated":[34],"reconstructed":[36,106,144],"remove":[38],"artifacts.":[39],"However,":[40],"without":[41],"accounting":[42],"for":[43,57,79],"transmitter's":[45],"clock":[46,64,99,109,116,140],"offset,":[47],"remodulated":[49],"will":[52],"poor":[55,108],"match":[56],"surveillance":[59],"signal.":[60],"This":[61],"article":[62],"evaluates":[63],"offset":[65,84,117],"estimation":[66,85,138],"methods":[67,86],"in":[68],"terms":[69],"of":[70,139],"ambiguity":[73,149],"surface,":[74],"thereby":[75],"appraising":[76],"them":[77],"specifically":[78],"passive":[80],"applications.":[82],"Existing":[83],"are":[87],"shown":[88],"meet":[90],"variance":[91],"bounds;":[92],"however,":[93],"these":[94,146],"bounds":[95],"worsen":[96],"with":[97,107,145,151],"increased":[98],"offset.":[100,141],"Ambiguity":[101],"surfaces":[102,150],"constructed":[103],"signals":[105,143],"offsets":[110],"exhibit":[111],"power":[112,154],"leakage.":[113,155],"A":[114],"new":[115,131],"estimator":[118,132],"proposed,":[120],"refines":[122],"coarse":[123],"estimates":[124,147],"made":[125],"an":[127],"existing":[128],"method.":[129],"demonstrated":[134],"achieve":[136],"accurate":[137],"Reference":[142],"produce":[148],"no":[152],"significant":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}