{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2904637731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2018.2886614","title":"Avoidance of Time-Varying Radio Frequency Interference With Software-Defined Cognitive Radar","display_name":"Avoidance of Time-Varying Radio Frequency Interference With Software-Defined Cognitive Radar","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2904637731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2018.2886614","mag":"2904637731"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2018.2886614","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2018.2886614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003557355","display_name":"Benjamin H. Kirk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-0908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin H. Kirk","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070841724","display_name":"Ram M. Narayanan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram M. Narayanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030184107","display_name":"Kyle A. Gallagher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle A. Gallagher","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Sensors and Electronics Directorate, Adelphi, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Sensors and Electronics Directorate, Adelphi, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045799487","display_name":"Anthony F. Martone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9596-5400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony F. Martone","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Sensors and Electronics Directorate, Adelphi, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Sensors and Electronics Directorate, Adelphi, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028327259","display_name":"Kelly D. Sherbondy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4730-3706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kelly D. Sherbondy","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Sensors and Electronics Directorate, Adelphi, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Sensors and Electronics Directorate, Adelphi, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003557355"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7205,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96491009,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"3","first_page":"1090","last_page":"1107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.763770341873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6955228447914124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5813448429107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.57284015417099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5592783093452454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-hopping-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","score":0.5328911542892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-radio","display_name":"Software-defined radio","score":0.4901297986507416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.47377467155456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-spectrum","display_name":"Radio spectrum","score":0.4737043082714081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.47364890575408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gsm","display_name":"GSM","score":0.41744402050971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.40733802318573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34266865253448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.34207814931869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.18069988489151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Code division multiple access","score":0.1630592942237854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.763770341873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6955228447914124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5813448429107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.57284015417099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5592783093452454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122962297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136013","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","level":2,"score":0.5328911542892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171115542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331892","display_name":"Software-defined radio","level":2,"score":0.4901297986507416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.47377467155456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92545706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902174","display_name":"Radio spectrum","level":2,"score":0.4737043082714081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.47364890575408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59201141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46904","display_name":"GSM","level":2,"score":0.41744402050971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.40733802318573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34266865253448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34207814931869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.18069988489151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47696715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233394","display_name":"Code division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.1630592942237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2018.2886614","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2018.2886614","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8070523729","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-15-2-0066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544692615","https://openalex.org/W1551178665","https://openalex.org/W1591555350","https://openalex.org/W1596359805","https://openalex.org/W1680177438","https://openalex.org/W2029765344","https://openalex.org/W2048498425","https://openalex.org/W2049468127","https://openalex.org/W2060702310","https://openalex.org/W2063146632","https://openalex.org/W2071652847","https://openalex.org/W2076708207","https://openalex.org/W2077132912","https://openalex.org/W2097801851","https://openalex.org/W2107835666","https://openalex.org/W2119109694","https://openalex.org/W2130167438","https://openalex.org/W2136894269","https://openalex.org/W2158766004","https://openalex.org/W2160090443","https://openalex.org/W2170524206","https://openalex.org/W2170991283","https://openalex.org/W2319396799","https://openalex.org/W2322599951","https://openalex.org/W2443244260","https://openalex.org/W2498068666","https://openalex.org/W2505036611","https://openalex.org/W2549995704","https://openalex.org/W2552524108","https://openalex.org/W2611818793","https://openalex.org/W2742691436","https://openalex.org/W2744365092","https://openalex.org/W2799788430","https://openalex.org/W2803401894","https://openalex.org/W2808229539","https://openalex.org/W2811404158","https://openalex.org/W2811441849","https://openalex.org/W4251668111","https://openalex.org/W6635408882","https://openalex.org/W6635618891","https://openalex.org/W6736952992"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2304504342","https://openalex.org/W2384434921","https://openalex.org/W2033038403","https://openalex.org/W2265199195","https://openalex.org/W2160808756","https://openalex.org/W2766656036","https://openalex.org/W2071004001","https://openalex.org/W2946234015","https://openalex.org/W2898347774","https://openalex.org/W2120948202"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Congestion":[0],"in":[1,34,59,65,160],"the":[2,11,36,47,60,87,90,98,129,146,170],"RF":[3,37,42],"spectrum":[4,15,32,38,110],"is":[5,39,53,69,119,132,148],"rapidly":[6],"increasing,":[7],"which":[8,35],"has":[9,22],"motivated":[10],"need":[12],"for":[13,31,105,153],"efficient":[14,83],"sharing":[16],"techniques.":[17],"A":[18,77],"cognitive":[19],"radar":[20,48,102],"system":[21,63,78,103,147],"been":[23],"developed":[24],"to":[25,55,95,150],"implement":[26],"a":[27,101,112],"perception":[28],"action":[29],"cycle,":[30],"sharing,":[33,111],"sensed,":[40],"other":[41],"signals":[43,58,118,137,155],"are":[44,126,157],"identified,":[45],"and":[46,68,121,141,165],"frequency":[49,161],"band":[50],"of":[51,71,89,100,108,115,145,172],"operation":[52],"adapted":[54],"avoid":[56],"interfering":[57],"spectrum.":[61],"The":[62,143],"operates":[64],"real":[66],"time":[67],"capable":[70],"coexisting":[72],"with":[73,79,134],"common":[74,135],"communications":[75,136],"signals.":[76],"this":[80,106],"capability":[81],"requires":[82],"programming":[84],"that":[85,156],"pushes":[86],"limits":[88],"technology":[91],"available.":[92],"In":[93],"order":[94,171],"properly":[96],"test":[97],"performance":[99,131,144],"designed":[104],"kind":[107],"reactive":[109],"rigorous":[113],"set":[114],"synthetic":[116],"interference":[117],"generated":[120],"several":[122],"informative":[123],"evaluation":[124],"metrics":[125],"defined.":[127],"Additionally,":[128],"system's":[130],"evaluated":[133],"such":[138],"as":[139],"LTE":[140],"GSM.":[142],"found":[149],"be":[151],"adequate":[152],"avoiding":[154],"either":[158],"varying":[159],"or":[162],"turning":[163],"on":[164,169],"off":[166],"at":[167],"rates":[168],"10":[173],"ms.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}