{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2123651311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2013.6621854","title":"Noise Statistics of a Higher Order Directional Sensor, Realized by Computing Finite Differences Spatially Across Multiple Isotropic Sensors","display_name":"Noise Statistics of a Higher Order Directional Sensor, Realized by Computing Finite Differences Spatially Across Multiple Isotropic Sensors","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2123651311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2013.6621854","mag":"2123651311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2013.6621854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2013.6621854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071274376","display_name":"Andriy Olenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0917-7000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196829312","display_name":"La Trobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxfrp27","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andriy Y. Olenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","Dept. of Math. & Stat., La Trobe Univ., Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Math. & Stat., La Trobe Univ., Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196829312"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000852263","display_name":"Kainam Thomas Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1583-6682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kainam Thomas Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Hong Kong Polytech. Univ., Kowloon, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Hong Kong Polytech. Univ., Kowloon, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67443084,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"4","first_page":"2792","last_page":"2798"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13126","display_name":"Scientific Research and Discoveries","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13126","display_name":"Scientific Research and Discoveries","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directivity","display_name":"Directivity","score":0.7407327890396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophone","display_name":"Geophone","score":0.7326829433441162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isotropy","display_name":"Isotropy","score":0.6532515287399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-velocity","display_name":"Particle velocity","score":0.5818384885787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5664701461791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5590398907661438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.5575272440910339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-order-statistics","display_name":"Higher-order statistics","score":0.513307511806488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38404908776283264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.37624144554138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3475608825683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.27404487133026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22841039299964905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2272932529449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.19467145204544067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.18457898497581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.1297331154346466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12373155355453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08359727263450623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189039984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8225412","display_name":"Directivity","level":3,"score":0.7407327890396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54187759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q361564","display_name":"Geophone","level":2,"score":0.7326829433441162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184050105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273163","display_name":"Isotropy","level":2,"score":0.6532515287399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35515768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336894","display_name":"Particle velocity","level":2,"score":0.5818384885787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5664701461791992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5590398907661438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.5575272440910339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780576426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5757980","display_name":"Higher-order statistics","level":4,"score":0.513307511806488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38404908776283264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.37624144554138184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3475608825683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.27404487133026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22841039299964905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2272932529449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19467145204544067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.18457898497581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.1297331154346466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12373155355453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08359727263450623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2013.6621854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2013.6621854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/28296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/28296","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29068934","https://openalex.org/W1480628953","https://openalex.org/W1506446047","https://openalex.org/W1534638135","https://openalex.org/W1538290032","https://openalex.org/W1579195470","https://openalex.org/W1616555554","https://openalex.org/W1970442834","https://openalex.org/W1971421232","https://openalex.org/W1971833010","https://openalex.org/W1973780088","https://openalex.org/W1975571287","https://openalex.org/W1977263272","https://openalex.org/W1979269608","https://openalex.org/W1998603302","https://openalex.org/W2011724221","https://openalex.org/W2016704887","https://openalex.org/W2017815305","https://openalex.org/W2017851386","https://openalex.org/W2022894179","https://openalex.org/W2034260275","https://openalex.org/W2050563537","https://openalex.org/W2053749264","https://openalex.org/W2056617915","https://openalex.org/W2069751638","https://openalex.org/W2075350645","https://openalex.org/W2086614183","https://openalex.org/W2093357420","https://openalex.org/W2094823944","https://openalex.org/W2095386441","https://openalex.org/W2109040158","https://openalex.org/W2120755971","https://openalex.org/W2135310372","https://openalex.org/W2136032418","https://openalex.org/W2160191698","https://openalex.org/W2162153225","https://openalex.org/W2313946319","https://openalex.org/W2465140226","https://openalex.org/W2499048335","https://openalex.org/W2510698393","https://openalex.org/W2535368251","https://openalex.org/W2541566130","https://openalex.org/W2541928073","https://openalex.org/W2920881157","https://openalex.org/W3040041481","https://openalex.org/W4236337480","https://openalex.org/W4236868207","https://openalex.org/W4246756383","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6632392588","https://openalex.org/W6636325527","https://openalex.org/W6644877439","https://openalex.org/W6719191381","https://openalex.org/W6760108136","https://openalex.org/W6780666581","https://openalex.org/W6982567166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160855022","https://openalex.org/W2070936101","https://openalex.org/W2091895121","https://openalex.org/W2789648616","https://openalex.org/W4251587100","https://openalex.org/W2769268818","https://openalex.org/W2821919377","https://openalex.org/W2168853462","https://openalex.org/W2150642605","https://openalex.org/W1567225242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"acoustic":[1],"\"particle":[2],"velocity":[3,17,83,104],"sensor\"":[4],"(a.k.a.":[5,69],"a":[6,9,12,86,107],"geophone)":[7],"exhibits":[8],"gain-response":[10],"with":[11,61],"cosine-like":[13],"directivity.":[14],"The":[15],"particle":[16,82,103],"sensor":[18,84,105],"may":[19],"be":[20],"realized":[21],"in":[22,32,132],"hardware":[23],"by":[24,35,56],"two":[25,47],"\"pressure":[26],"sensors\"":[27],"(of":[28],"isotropic":[29,48],"directivity)":[30],"displaced":[31],"space,":[33],"and":[34,75],"computing":[36],"the":[37,43,46,81,92,111,117],"spatial":[38],"first-order":[39,108],"finite":[40,109],"difference":[41,124],"between":[42],"data":[44,53],"of":[45,94,121,126,128],"component-sensors.":[49],"As":[50],"each":[51],"component-sensor's":[52],"are":[54],"degraded":[55],"additive":[57],"noises":[58],"(modeled":[59],"here":[60,114],"much":[62],"generality":[63],"as":[64,67,85],"stochastically":[65],"distributed":[66],"\"stable\"":[68],"\"alpha":[70],"stable\"":[71],"or":[72],"\"$\\alpha$":[73],"stable\"),":[74],"not":[76],"restricted":[77],"to":[78],"being":[79],"Gaussian),":[80],"whole":[87],"would":[88],"also":[89,115],"experience":[90],"noise,":[91],"statistics":[93,120],"which":[95],"is":[96],"analytically":[97],"derived":[98],"here.":[99],"Furthermore,":[100],"beyond":[101],"this":[102],"involving":[106],"difference,":[110],"work":[112],"presented":[113],"derives":[116],"composite":[118],"noise":[119],"higher":[122,129],"order":[123,130],"realizations":[125],"sensors":[127],"directivity":[131],"their":[133],"gain":[134],"responses.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
