{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2065810244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2012.6324705","title":"Phase Retrieval for Radar Waveform Optimization","display_name":"Phase Retrieval for Radar Waveform Optimization","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2065810244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2012.6324705","mag":"2065810244"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2012.6324705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2012.6324705","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086559138","display_name":"Lee K. Patton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158408","display_name":"Matrix Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mw0p229","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158408"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lee K. Patton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Matrix Research, Inc., Dayton, OH, USA","Matrix Res., Inc., Dayton, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matrix Research, Inc., Dayton, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158408"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matrix Res., Inc., Dayton, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158408"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044686697","display_name":"Brian D. Rigling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0538-7382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19648265","display_name":"Wright State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian D. Rigling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Wright State Univ., Dayton, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Wright State Univ., Dayton, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086559138"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158408"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7513,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92747515,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"4","first_page":"3287","last_page":"3302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11183","display_name":"Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11183","display_name":"Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11583","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.7929872870445251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6183414459228516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.583221435546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5600895881652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.5248187184333801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.5111902356147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.49936509132385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4831823408603668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.46875548362731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.44569727778434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.4417971968650818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4159736931324005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29483121633529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08133387565612793}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.7929872870445251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6183414459228516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.583221435546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5600895881652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.5248187184333801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.5111902356147766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.49936509132385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4831823408603668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.46875548362731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.44569727778434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.4417971968650818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4159736931324005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29483121633529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08133387565612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/taes.2012.6324705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2012.6324705","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193624734","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","issn_l":"0018-9251","issn":["0018-9251","1557-9603","2371-9877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308928","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338278","display_name":"Air Force Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03f9f1d95"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484412996","https://openalex.org/W1487678510","https://openalex.org/W1574567355","https://openalex.org/W1966934949","https://openalex.org/W1967682790","https://openalex.org/W2007593159","https://openalex.org/W2027373524","https://openalex.org/W2051933044","https://openalex.org/W2052552885","https://openalex.org/W2101769813","https://openalex.org/W2108078415","https://openalex.org/W2111216916","https://openalex.org/W2115948820","https://openalex.org/W2126449620","https://openalex.org/W2132509202","https://openalex.org/W2134342840","https://openalex.org/W2137632745","https://openalex.org/W2138356751","https://openalex.org/W2142316611","https://openalex.org/W2152794378","https://openalex.org/W2157472634","https://openalex.org/W2158685194","https://openalex.org/W2158902838","https://openalex.org/W2161391652","https://openalex.org/W2161460383","https://openalex.org/W2170366951","https://openalex.org/W2170422449","https://openalex.org/W4301014524","https://openalex.org/W6628955290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2782295999","https://openalex.org/W2162306796","https://openalex.org/W1970292246","https://openalex.org/W2015118744","https://openalex.org/W2016162169","https://openalex.org/W4247952185","https://openalex.org/W1642462315","https://openalex.org/W2005619368","https://openalex.org/W1879092539","https://openalex.org/W2526155427"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"important":[1],"problem":[2,25,59,114,117],"in":[3,29,38,86],"radar":[4],"waveform":[5,54,94,139],"optimization":[6],"is":[7,64,132],"the":[8,30,33,42,57,68,71,79,84,88,91,96,111,116,138,144,158],"synthesis":[9],"of":[10,45,60,70,90,118],"discrete":[11,120],"time":[12,92,121],"constant":[13,122],"modulus":[14,123],"signals":[15,124],"from":[16,125],"Fourier":[17],"magnitude":[18],"data.":[19],"Iterative":[20],"algorithms":[21,34,47,81,160],"for":[22,66,137,152],"solving":[23],"this":[24],"have":[26],"been":[27,50],"proposed":[28,72,159],"literature,":[31],"but":[32],"are":[35,100],"only":[36],"applicable":[37],"limited":[39],"cases,":[40],"and":[41,77,95,102,134,155],"convergent":[43],"behavior":[44],"these":[46],"has":[48],"not":[49],"established.":[51],"We":[52,75,108,142],"connect":[53],"design":[55,140],"to":[56,82,115,147],"well-studied":[58],"phase":[61,112],"retrieval.":[62],"This":[63],"useful":[65],"explaining":[67],"success":[69],"iterative":[73,145],"methods.":[74],"generalize":[76],"extend":[78],"existing":[80],"handle":[83],"case":[85],"which":[87,131],"dimensions":[89],"domain":[93,98],"frequency":[97],"data":[99],"unequal,":[101],"we":[103],"provide":[104,162],"a":[105],"convergence":[106],"analysis.":[107],"also":[109],"relate":[110],"retrieval":[113],"synthesizing":[119],"power":[126],"spectral":[127],"density":[128],"(PSD)":[129],"data,":[130],"different":[133],"more":[135],"appropriate":[136],"problem.":[141],"compare":[143],"methods":[146,151],"direct":[148],"search":[149],"gradient":[150],"both":[153],"problems,":[154],"establish":[156],"that":[157],"can":[161],"comparable":[163],"performance":[164],"with":[165],"reduced":[166],"computational":[167],"complexity.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}