{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416214643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2025.3632474","title":"Vulnerability Analysis of a Class of Nonlinear State Estimation Under Joint Deception Attacks","display_name":"Vulnerability Analysis of a Class of Nonlinear State Estimation Under Joint Deception Attacks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416214643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2025.3632474"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2025.3632474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2025.3632474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111214531","display_name":"Baojia Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8200-7490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baojia Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8200-7490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100398807","display_name":"Kun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3074-7167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3074-7167","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101963288","display_name":"Haojun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-556X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-556X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059432254","display_name":"Qian Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0593-0157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0593-0157","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363679","display_name":"Shengyuan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3015-0662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengyuan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3015-0662","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064231378","display_name":"Yuanqing Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-4911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanqing Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-4911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37050028,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"5","first_page":"3303","last_page":"3310"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.6093999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.6093999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12794","display_name":"Adaptive Dynamic Programming Control","score":0.0868000015616417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.053700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.647599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5651999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoupling","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","score":0.5432999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverted-pendulum","display_name":"Inverted pendulum","score":0.4848000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.444599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4334999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.647599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5651999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5602999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.5432999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192921069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550134","display_name":"Inverted pendulum","level":3,"score":0.4848000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.444599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4334999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.41670000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.41290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71134354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458825","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","level":3,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.3472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129537906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7603913","display_name":"State variable","level":2,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.31299999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779267917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170028","display_name":"Deception","level":2,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.2624000012874603}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2025.3632474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2025.3632474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1462643996","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62273041","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6560885766","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24A20264","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7656795483","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62533013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"is":[2,106],"concerned":[3],"with":[4,74],"the":[5,20,35,39,42,46,49,57,60,64,83,91,110],"vulnerability":[6,50,65],"of":[7,10,41,51,59,67,101],"a":[8,30,98,102],"class":[9],"nonlinear":[11,22,52,68],"state":[12,69],"estimation":[13,70,92],"under":[14,54,71],"joint":[15,72],"deception":[16],"attacks.":[17],"By":[18],"decomposing":[19],"considered":[21],"system":[23,53],"into":[24],"two":[25,61],"coupled":[26],"subsystems":[27],"and":[28,56,75,82],"utilizing":[29],"decoupling":[31],"method":[32],"based":[33],"on":[34],"subspace":[36],"constructed":[37],"in":[38],"kernel":[40],"nonlinearity,":[43],"we":[44],"obtain":[45],"relationship":[47],"between":[48],"attacks":[55,73],"stability":[58],"subsystems.":[62],"Then":[63],"conditions":[66],"without":[76],"resource":[77],"constraints":[78],"are":[79,87],"provided,":[80],"respectively,":[81],"corresponding":[84],"attack":[85],"sequences":[86],"designed":[88],"to":[89,108],"degrade":[90],"performance":[93],"while":[94],"being":[95],"stealthy.":[96],"Finally,":[97],"numerical":[99],"example":[100],"fixed-base":[103],"inverted":[104],"pendulum":[105],"provided":[107],"verify":[109],"theoretical":[111],"results.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T06:04:28.489925","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}