{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413887017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2025.3604656","title":"Observer-Based Realization of Control Systems","display_name":"Observer-Based Realization of Control Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413887017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2025.3604656"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2025.3604656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2025.3604656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020035625","display_name":"Daizhan Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-3209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120485","display_name":"Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkmyk67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daizhan Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-3209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320842","display_name":"Xiao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6864-2921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China","Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6864-2921","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086840169","display_name":"Zhengping Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-1615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengping Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair for Dynamics, Control, Machine Learning and Numerics (Alexander von Humboldt-Professorship), Department of Mathematics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg, Erlangen, Germany","Department of Mathematics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-1615","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair for Dynamics, Control, Machine Learning and Numerics (Alexander von Humboldt-Professorship), Department of Mathematics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060775948","display_name":"Changxi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8071-8439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, China","School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8071-8439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.215535,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"2","first_page":"1084","last_page":"1098"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.6718959808349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6483446359634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.5514959096908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.5395016670227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.49520888924598694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49350225925445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4193989932537079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2693021297454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2517499327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1434229016304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08568271994590759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.6718959808349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6483446359634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5514959096908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.5395016670227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.49520888924598694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49350225925445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4193989932537079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2693021297454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2517499327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1434229016304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08568271994590759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2025.3604656","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2025.3604656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W567151721","https://openalex.org/W1556970733","https://openalex.org/W1967765294","https://openalex.org/W1971224531","https://openalex.org/W2009327949","https://openalex.org/W2073458555","https://openalex.org/W2095701698","https://openalex.org/W2147037042","https://openalex.org/W2610723735","https://openalex.org/W2774673689","https://openalex.org/W2809398638","https://openalex.org/W2964121067","https://openalex.org/W3138282515","https://openalex.org/W3155985100","https://openalex.org/W3208326740","https://openalex.org/W3215446681","https://openalex.org/W4254660365","https://openalex.org/W4292872153","https://openalex.org/W4293259004","https://openalex.org/W4313595133","https://openalex.org/W4366158533","https://openalex.org/W4400576894","https://openalex.org/W4402571297","https://openalex.org/W4404809449","https://openalex.org/W4410075892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2615607975","https://openalex.org/W2355865573","https://openalex.org/W2155981143","https://openalex.org/W2155245395","https://openalex.org/W2192101006","https://openalex.org/W2116800748","https://openalex.org/W2638730922","https://openalex.org/W2190465783","https://openalex.org/W2027827693","https://openalex.org/W2381267592"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,58],"novel":[1],"model":[2],"reduction":[3],"framework":[4],"for":[5,65],"large-scale":[6],"complex":[7],"systems":[8,16],"is":[9,63,83,100,109,115],"proposed":[10,113],"by":[11,85],"introducing":[12],"function-type":[13,49],"dynamic":[14],"control":[15,42,50],"via":[17],"the":[18,28,31,45,53,66,87,112],"dimension-keeping":[19],"semi-tensor":[20],"product":[21],"(DK-STP)":[22],"of":[23,33,39,47],"matrices.":[24],"Utilizing":[25],"bridge":[26],"matrices,":[27],"DK-STP":[29],"facilitates":[30],"construction":[32],"an":[34,74,80],"approximate":[35],"observer-based":[36],"realization":[37,108],"(OR)":[38],"a":[40,48,95],"linear":[41],"system":[43],"in":[44],"form":[46],"system,":[51],"where":[52],"functions":[54],"serve":[55],"as":[56],"observers.":[57],"necessary":[59],"and":[60,102],"sufficient":[61],"condition":[62],"established":[64],"OR-system":[67,76,82,99],"to":[68,105,117],"admit":[69],"exact":[70,75],"observer":[71],"dynamics.":[72],"When":[73],"does":[77],"not":[78],"exist,":[79],"extended":[81,98,116],"developed":[84],"incorporating":[86],"original":[88],"system's":[89],"observers":[90],"into":[91],"its":[92,103],"state.":[93],"Furthermore,":[94],"minimal":[96,107],"feedback":[97],"constructed,":[101],"relationship":[104],"Kalman's":[106],"analyzed.":[110],"Finally,":[111],"approach":[114],"nonlinear":[118],"control-affine":[119],"systems.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
