{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132240656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2021.3060835","title":"A Unified Approach to Dynamic Decision Problems With Asymmetric Information: Nonstrategic Agents","display_name":"A Unified Approach to Dynamic Decision Problems With Asymmetric Information: Nonstrategic Agents","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132240656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2021.3060835","mag":"3132240656"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2021.3060835","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2021.3060835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051126013","display_name":"Hamidreza Tavafoghi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-9727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamidreza Tavafoghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-9727","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100627878","display_name":"Yi Ouyang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-4393"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Ouyang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Preferred Networks America, Inc., Albany, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0556-4393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Preferred Networks America, Inc., Albany, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015762210","display_name":"Demosthenis Teneketzis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0450-5992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Demosthenis Teneketzis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0450-5992","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2611,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83004512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"3","first_page":"1105","last_page":"1119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6372572183609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.4941416084766388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4746801555156708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partially-observable-markov-decision-process","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","score":0.47052136063575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.43834561109542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomous-agent","display_name":"Autonomous agent","score":0.42022082209587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.41666731238365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4155636727809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.35120612382888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.32645657658576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.32499960064888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.29546335339546204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24954333901405334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2311357855796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.2053496241569519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6372572183609009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.4941416084766388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4746801555156708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17098449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176814","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","level":4,"score":0.47052136063575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.43834561109542847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13687954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826847","display_name":"Autonomous agent","level":2,"score":0.42022082209587097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.41666731238365173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4155636727809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.35120612382888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.32645657658576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.32499960064888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.29546335339546204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24954333901405334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2311357855796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.2053496241569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2021.3060835","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2021.3060835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504294293","https://openalex.org/W1535136082","https://openalex.org/W1982713086","https://openalex.org/W1991888757","https://openalex.org/W2015472668","https://openalex.org/W2051066078","https://openalex.org/W2061175276","https://openalex.org/W2067880936","https://openalex.org/W2069525910","https://openalex.org/W2074232820","https://openalex.org/W2076110408","https://openalex.org/W2080096734","https://openalex.org/W2085358739","https://openalex.org/W2088956500","https://openalex.org/W2090369384","https://openalex.org/W2092025421","https://openalex.org/W2098432798","https://openalex.org/W2105876604","https://openalex.org/W2113846837","https://openalex.org/W2115118348","https://openalex.org/W2138966161","https://openalex.org/W2154910639","https://openalex.org/W2156534877","https://openalex.org/W2159001465","https://openalex.org/W2165894964","https://openalex.org/W2168228312","https://openalex.org/W2551093915","https://openalex.org/W2559108037","https://openalex.org/W2570031513","https://openalex.org/W2784185058","https://openalex.org/W2898567809","https://openalex.org/W2912849989","https://openalex.org/W2949975756","https://openalex.org/W2962796628","https://openalex.org/W2962898454","https://openalex.org/W2964182829","https://openalex.org/W3102887559","https://openalex.org/W3132240656","https://openalex.org/W4244096180","https://openalex.org/W4253201987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096013579","https://openalex.org/W1589140671","https://openalex.org/W1760611253","https://openalex.org/W52153049","https://openalex.org/W2951545791","https://openalex.org/W1515117609","https://openalex.org/W2294884454","https://openalex.org/W4323315247","https://openalex.org/W3169161914","https://openalex.org/W3208638985"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,53,90],"study":[1],"a":[2,22,49,65,106,115,150,170,175],"general":[3],"class":[4],"of":[5,73,93,120,136,145],"dynamic":[6,19,94,129,137,171],"multi-":[7],"agent":[8,83],"decision":[9,96,125,131],"problems":[10,97],"with":[11,105,139],"asymmetric":[12,140],"information":[13,63,79,103,146],"and":[14,43,161,165],"nonstrategic":[15],"agents,":[16],"which":[17],"include":[18],"teams":[20,138],"as":[21],"special":[23],"case.":[24],"When":[25],"agents":[26],"are":[27,45],"nonstrategic,":[28],"an":[29,78,102],"agent\u2019s":[30],"strategy":[31,41],"is":[32,85],"known":[33,51],"to":[34,128,149,168,173],"the":[35,39,55,61,71,134,142,155,158],"other":[36],"agents.":[37],"Nevertheless,":[38],"agents\u2019":[40,62,159],"choices":[42],"beliefs":[44,162],"interdependent":[46],"over":[47,163],"times,":[48],"phenomenon":[50],"assignaling.":[52],"introduce":[54],"notion":[56,72],"ofsufficient":[57],"informationthat":[58],"effectively":[59],"compresses":[60],"in":[64],"mutually":[66],"consistent":[67],"manner.":[68],"Based":[69],"on":[70],"sufficient":[74,86],"information,":[75,141],"we":[76,99,113],"propose":[77],"state":[80,104],"for":[81,87,109],"each":[82,110],"that":[84,153],"decision-making":[88],"purposes.":[89],"present":[91,114],"instances":[92],"multiagent":[95,130],"where":[98],"can":[100],"determine":[101,174],"time-invariant":[107],"domain":[108],"agent.":[111],"Furthermore,":[112],"generalization":[116],"ofthe":[117],"policy-independence":[118],"property":[119],"beliefin":[121],"partially":[122],"observed":[123],"Markov":[124],"processes":[126],"(POMDP)":[127],"problems.":[132],"Within":[133],"context":[135],"proposed":[143],"set":[144],"states":[147],"leads":[148],"sequential":[151],"decomposition":[152],"decouples":[154],"interdependence":[156],"between":[157],"strategies":[160],"time":[164],"enables":[166],"us":[167],"formulate":[169],"program":[172],"globally":[176],"optimal":[177],"policy":[178],"via":[179],"backward":[180],"induction.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
