{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2914310913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2020.3024967","title":"Polarization and Fluctuations in Signed Social Networks","display_name":"Polarization and Fluctuations in Signed Social Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2914310913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2020.3024967","mag":"2914310913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2020.3024967","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2020.3024967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.00658","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048861319","display_name":"Pedro Cisneros\u2010Velarde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3585-8504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Cisneros-Velarde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Control, Dynamical Systems and Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","Center for Control, Dynamical Systems, and Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3585-8504","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Control, Dynamical Systems and Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Control, Dynamical Systems, and Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057402438","display_name":"Kevin Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-5403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin S. Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA","University of California Santa Barbara"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-5403","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Santa Barbara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068353454","display_name":"Francesco Bullo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-2118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Bullo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Control, Dynamical Systems and Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","Center for Control, Dynamical Systems, and Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-2118","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Control, Dynamical Systems and Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Control, Dynamical Systems, and Computation, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.35,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5117531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"8","first_page":"3789","last_page":"3793"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.6598314642906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balance","display_name":"Balance (ability)","score":0.5920984745025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5529280304908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5517237186431885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-communication","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","score":0.5399105548858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.46983715891838074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-structure","display_name":"Network structure","score":0.45349088311195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","score":0.4499994218349457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4410164952278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.43982771039009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balance-theory","display_name":"Balance theory","score":0.41772791743278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.4148743152618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2716030478477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.26970693469047546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2648361921310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2478714883327484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.1808319091796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.17804157733917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.08610081672668457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.6598314642906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.5920984745025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5529280304908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5517237186431885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.5399105548858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.46983715891838074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988224531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20830730","display_name":"Network structure","level":2,"score":0.45349088311195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4727928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164759","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","level":3,"score":0.4499994218349457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4410164952278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.43982771039009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10927478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q445546","display_name":"Balance theory","level":2,"score":0.41772791743278503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4148743152618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2716030478477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.26970693469047546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2648361921310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2478714883327484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.1808319091796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.17804157733917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08610081672668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2020.3024967","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2020.3024967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1902.00658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1902.00658","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.00658","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2914310913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.00658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1902.00658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1902.00658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1902.00658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1902.00658","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.00658","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1629467956","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-18-2-0066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4852649143","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-15-1-0577","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6126340493","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-1258507","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967509640","https://openalex.org/W1993171078","https://openalex.org/W1997281997","https://openalex.org/W2030014759","https://openalex.org/W2078746341","https://openalex.org/W2081632029","https://openalex.org/W2110869553","https://openalex.org/W2114051435","https://openalex.org/W2117905067","https://openalex.org/W2156894402","https://openalex.org/W2487519669","https://openalex.org/W2493687459","https://openalex.org/W2611077194","https://openalex.org/W2900401143","https://openalex.org/W2910016770","https://openalex.org/W2964240066","https://openalex.org/W2999512277","https://openalex.org/W3083024126","https://openalex.org/W3102963639","https://openalex.org/W3122816536","https://openalex.org/W4232062148"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989324497","https://openalex.org/W2142517301","https://openalex.org/W3188388302","https://openalex.org/W1826241087","https://openalex.org/W2589712978","https://openalex.org/W3188142093","https://openalex.org/W3203717119","https://openalex.org/W3013159534","https://openalex.org/W3035979104","https://openalex.org/W2045088541","https://openalex.org/W2080861976","https://openalex.org/W2040910304","https://openalex.org/W3011337733","https://openalex.org/W2987074173","https://openalex.org/W2025417836","https://openalex.org/W2900227103","https://openalex.org/W3160869562","https://openalex.org/W3206617112","https://openalex.org/W2475593241","https://openalex.org/W1606236931"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Much":[0],"recent":[1],"research":[2],"on":[3,8,69],"social":[4,112],"networks":[5,124],"has":[6],"focused":[7],"the":[9,33,53,57,70,73,79,84,87,95,108,111,127,133,136],"modeling":[10],"and":[11,31,37,48,102],"analysis":[12],"of":[13,20,26,35,56,72,107,135],"how":[14],"opinions":[15,85,109,128],"evolve":[16],"as":[17],"a":[18,45,100],"function":[19],"interpersonal":[21],"relationships.":[22,39],"It":[23],"is":[24],"also":[25],"great":[27],"interest":[28],"to":[29,78,91],"model":[30,50,98],"understand":[32],"implications":[34],"friendly":[36],"antagonistic":[38],"In":[40,119],"this":[41],"article,":[42],"we":[43,121],"propose":[44],"new,":[46],"simple":[47],"intuitive":[49,105],"that":[51,76],"incorporates":[52],"socio-psychological":[54],"phenomenon":[55],"boomerang":[58],"effect":[59],"in":[60,86,94,125],"opinion":[61],"dynamics.":[62],"We":[63],"establish":[64],"that,":[65],"under":[66],"certain":[67],"conditions":[68],"structure":[71],"signed":[74,123],"network":[75,88,113],"corresponds":[77],"so-called":[80,137],"structural":[81,117],"balance":[82],"property,":[83],"polarize.":[89],"Compared":[90],"other":[92],"models":[93],"literature,":[96],"our":[97],"displays":[99],"richer":[101],"perhaps":[103],"more":[104],"behavior":[106],"when":[110],"does":[114],"not":[115],"satisfy":[116],"balance.":[118],"particular,":[120],"analyze":[122],"which":[126],"show":[129],"persistent":[130],"fluctuations":[131],"(including":[132],"case":[134],"clustering":[138],"balance).":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
