{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2119106833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2009.2039237","title":"Supervisor Localization: A Top-Down Approach to Distributed Control of Discrete-Event Systems","display_name":"Supervisor Localization: A Top-Down Approach to Distributed Control of Discrete-Event Systems","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2119106833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2009.2039237","mag":"2119106833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2009.2039237","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2009.2039237","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bfm:978-3-319-20496-3/1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036466435","display_name":"Kai Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-0728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kai Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems Control Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Control Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018886883","display_name":"W.M. Wonham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-4481"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W.M. Wonham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems Control Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Control Group, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036466435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2121,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":125,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97436751,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"3","first_page":"605","last_page":"618"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervisor","display_name":"Supervisor","score":0.9811756014823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.754981279373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervisory-control","display_name":"Supervisory control","score":0.6929279565811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5634084343910217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervisory-control-theory","display_name":"Supervisory control theory","score":0.5478845834732056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5340104699134827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5197274684906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.5183568596839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5019688606262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.49915027618408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4341815412044525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.40363389253616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3962084650993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26314204931259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12855106592178345}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779110517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1240788","display_name":"Supervisor","level":2,"score":0.9811756014823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.754981279373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92991967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7644329","display_name":"Supervisory control","level":3,"score":0.6929279565811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5634084343910217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778693208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7644327","display_name":"Supervisory control theory","level":4,"score":0.5478845834732056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5340104699134827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5197274684906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.5183568596839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5019688606262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.49915027618408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4341815412044525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.40363389253616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3962084650993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26314204931259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12855106592178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tac.2009.2039237","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2009.2039237","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S184954342","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","issn_l":"0018-9286","issn":["0018-9286","1558-2523","2334-3303"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028310659","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.springer.com/de/book/9783319204956","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bfm:978-3-319-20496-3/1","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/118423","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/118423","pdf_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/a80bec43-5576-4e6b-ba2a-a10ca49012a4/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055458","display_name":"TSpace","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028310659","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.springer.com/de/book/9783319204956","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bfm:978-3-319-20496-3/1","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2119106833.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2119106833.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41028231","https://openalex.org/W101029079","https://openalex.org/W272987332","https://openalex.org/W1506588809","https://openalex.org/W1514560793","https://openalex.org/W1587663028","https://openalex.org/W1588942736","https://openalex.org/W1603022741","https://openalex.org/W1607424833","https://openalex.org/W1970092510","https://openalex.org/W1973353540","https://openalex.org/W1973417083","https://openalex.org/W1979349468","https://openalex.org/W1980392184","https://openalex.org/W1988926301","https://openalex.org/W1997577607","https://openalex.org/W2005777052","https://openalex.org/W2007737936","https://openalex.org/W2012926794","https://openalex.org/W2016380948","https://openalex.org/W2035671237","https://openalex.org/W2037708677","https://openalex.org/W2044943300","https://openalex.org/W2057650923","https://openalex.org/W2059057465","https://openalex.org/W2068354234","https://openalex.org/W2070545326","https://openalex.org/W2070749313","https://openalex.org/W2071367517","https://openalex.org/W2078233504","https://openalex.org/W2080267935","https://openalex.org/W2082603400","https://openalex.org/W2091149102","https://openalex.org/W2096911030","https://openalex.org/W2097523314","https://openalex.org/W2097856935","https://openalex.org/W2099096979","https://openalex.org/W2099529102","https://openalex.org/W2100969324","https://openalex.org/W2101933728","https://openalex.org/W2108990199","https://openalex.org/W2110904528","https://openalex.org/W2112474319","https://openalex.org/W2114871659","https://openalex.org/W2115425820","https://openalex.org/W2121468570","https://openalex.org/W2121602576","https://openalex.org/W2124485400","https://openalex.org/W2126295866","https://openalex.org/W2127688117","https://openalex.org/W2130587077","https://openalex.org/W2135254706","https://openalex.org/W2139931873","https://openalex.org/W2140220034","https://openalex.org/W2141725522","https://openalex.org/W2147326597","https://openalex.org/W2147504115","https://openalex.org/W2150312211","https://openalex.org/W2151006853","https://openalex.org/W2151623798","https://openalex.org/W2164580221","https://openalex.org/W2165274745","https://openalex.org/W2165744313","https://openalex.org/W2167485994","https://openalex.org/W2171110406","https://openalex.org/W2173128306","https://openalex.org/W2189367821","https://openalex.org/W2283137201","https://openalex.org/W2489145936","https://openalex.org/W2611515161","https://openalex.org/W2613573231","https://openalex.org/W2936405433","https://openalex.org/W4211250195","https://openalex.org/W4248699123","https://openalex.org/W6672001066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172083724","https://openalex.org/W4309988904","https://openalex.org/W4309989429","https://openalex.org/W2796405426","https://openalex.org/W3187776473","https://openalex.org/W2159706408","https://openalex.org/W3030151959","https://openalex.org/W2016380948","https://openalex.org/W1964497242","https://openalex.org/W1536962364"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,18],"study":[1],"the":[2,12,53,66,79,98,103,129],"design":[3],"of":[4,14,24,27,68,105],"distributed":[5],"control":[6,16,137],"for":[7,32,48],"discrete-event":[8],"systems":[9],"(DES)":[10],"in":[11,81],"framework":[13],"supervisory":[15],"theory.":[17,138],"view":[19],"a":[20,25,71,82,87,113,121],"DES":[21,107],"as":[22],"comprised":[23],"group":[26],"agents,":[28],"acting":[29],"independently":[30],"except":[31],"specifications":[33],"on":[34],"global":[35,63,88,99,114],"(group)":[36],"behavior.":[37,101],"The":[38],"central":[39],"problem":[40,80],"investigated":[41],"is":[42,57,75,125],"how":[43],"to":[44,93,110],"synthesize":[45],"local":[46,94],"controllers":[47,95],"individual":[49],"agents":[50],"such":[51],"that":[52,60,77,127],"resultant":[54],"controlled":[55,100],"behavior":[56],"identical":[58],"with":[59,133],"achieved":[61],"by":[62],"supervision.":[64],"In":[65,102],"case":[67,104],"small-scale":[69],"DES,":[70],"supervisor":[72,115,130],"localization":[73,131],"algorithm":[74,132],"developed":[76,126],"solves":[78],"top-down":[83],"fashion:":[84],"first,":[85],"compute":[86],"supervisor,":[89],"then":[90],"decompose":[91],"it":[92],"while":[96],"preserving":[97],"large-scale":[106],"where":[108],"owing":[109],"state":[111],"explosion":[112],"might":[116],"not":[117],"be":[118],"feasibly":[119],"computable,":[120],"decomposition-aggregation":[122],"solution":[123],"procedure":[124],"combines":[128],"an":[134],"efficient":[135],"modular":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-06-02T09:04:35.204637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}