{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134428226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sysose.2007.4304292","title":"Multi-Class Classification Averaging Fusion for Detecting Steganography","display_name":"Multi-Class Classification Averaging Fusion for Detecting Steganography","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134428226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sysose.2007.4304292","mag":"2134428226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sysose.2007.4304292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sysose.2007.4304292","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111587291","display_name":"Benjamin M. Rodriguez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55061410","display_name":"U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03f9f1d95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294991024","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802362820","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin M. Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Elect and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA","Air Force Inst. of Technol., Wright Patterson"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Elect and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Inst. of Technol., Wright Patterson","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085916845","display_name":"Gilbert L. Peterson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-3084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55061410","display_name":"U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03f9f1d95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294991024","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2802362820","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gilbert L. Peterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of Elect and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA","Air Force Inst. of Technol., Wright Patterson"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Elect and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air Force Inst. of Technol., Wright Patterson","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55061410"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048285657","display_name":"Sos \u0421. Agaian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4601-4507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sos S. Agaian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia & Mobile Sig Lab, Dept of Elect and Computer Engineering, The University of TX at San Antonio, USA","Multimedia & Mobile Sig Lab, Dept of Elect and Computer Engr, The Univ of TX at San Antonio, sos.agaian@utsa.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia & Mobile Sig Lab, Dept of Elect and Computer Engineering, The University of TX at San Antonio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia & Mobile Sig Lab, Dept of Elect and Computer Engr, The Univ of TX at San Antonio, sos.agaian@utsa.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2627,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4856532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.7972055077552795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7638147473335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7189799547195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6636238098144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5914006233215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.5238885283470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.502272367477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-classifier","display_name":"Quadratic classifier","score":0.472102552652359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.4573880732059479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.45324602723121643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4482479691505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.3241148293018341}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.7972055077552795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7638147473335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7189799547195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6636238098144531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5914006233215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.5238885283470154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.502272367477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52620605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268357","display_name":"Quadratic classifier","level":3,"score":0.472102552652359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.4573880732059479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.45324602723121643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4482479691505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.3241148293018341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sysose.2007.4304292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sysose.2007.4304292","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512190422","https://openalex.org/W1560724230","https://openalex.org/W1563088657","https://openalex.org/W1603849545","https://openalex.org/W1760530029","https://openalex.org/W1983510919","https://openalex.org/W1991590203","https://openalex.org/W2000972865","https://openalex.org/W2012353651","https://openalex.org/W2013655146","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2124868070","https://openalex.org/W2151712763","https://openalex.org/W2155447586","https://openalex.org/W2799061466","https://openalex.org/W2915276330","https://openalex.org/W3144619878","https://openalex.org/W3147210360","https://openalex.org/W3195149063","https://openalex.org/W4230946174","https://openalex.org/W6630436116","https://openalex.org/W6636083418","https://openalex.org/W6653306804","https://openalex.org/W6682591192","https://openalex.org/W7014191107","https://openalex.org/W7058071925"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148973528","https://openalex.org/W2939392096","https://openalex.org/W4243922849","https://openalex.org/W2106726851","https://openalex.org/W4309385482","https://openalex.org/W2068740952","https://openalex.org/W1583147569","https://openalex.org/W2182496537","https://openalex.org/W2792878404","https://openalex.org/W3154843532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multiple":[0],"classifier":[1,12,46,116,154],"fusion":[2,24,34,127,139,155],"has":[3],"the":[4,18,39,45,48,71,108,131,149,153,158,162],"capability":[5],"of":[6,20,29,96,121,152],"increasing":[7],"classification":[8,23,163],"accuracy":[9,164],"over":[10],"individual":[11],"systems.":[13],"This":[14,33],"paper":[15],"focuses":[16],"on":[17,26,64],"development":[19],"a":[21,104,112,134],"multi-class":[22,92,159],"based":[25],"weighted":[27,126,138,143],"averaging":[28],"posterior":[30],"class":[31],"probabilities.":[32],"system":[35,94,117],"is":[36,133,165],"applied":[37],"to":[38,75,157,169],"steganography":[40,57],"fingerprint":[41],"domain,":[42],"in":[43,51,66,73,102],"which":[44,54,67,103],"identifies":[47],"statistical":[49],"patterns":[50],"an":[52,119,141],"image":[53],"distinguish":[55],"one":[56],"algorithm":[58],"from":[59],"another.":[60],"Specifically":[61],"we":[62],"focus":[63],"algorithms":[65],"jpeg":[68],"images":[69],"provide":[70],"cover":[72],"order":[74],"communicate":[76],"covertly.":[77],"The":[78,90],"embedding":[79],"methods":[80],"targeted":[81],"are":[82,129],"F5,":[83],"JSteg,":[84],"Model":[85],"Based,":[86],"OutGuess,":[87],"and":[88,123,140],"StegHide.":[89],"developed":[91],"steganalvsis":[93],"consists":[95],"three":[97],"levels:":[98],"(1)":[99],"feature":[100],"preprocessing":[101],"projection":[105],"function":[106],"maps":[107],"input":[109],"vectors":[110],"into":[111],"separable":[113],"space,":[114],"(2)":[115],"using":[118],"ensemble":[120],"classifiers,":[122],"(3)":[124],"two":[125],"techniques":[128],"compared,":[130],"first":[132],"well":[135],"known":[136],"variance":[137],"Gaussian":[142],"fusion.":[144],"Results":[145],"show":[146],"that":[147],"through":[148],"novel":[150],"addition":[151],"step":[156],"steganalysis":[160],"system,":[161],"improved":[166],"by":[167],"up":[168],"12%.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
