{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4382655580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/svcc56964.2023.10164930","title":"WebTracker: Real Webbrowsing Behaviors","display_name":"WebTracker: Real Webbrowsing Behaviors","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4382655580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/svcc56964.2023.10164930"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/svcc56964.2023.10164930","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/svcc56964.2023.10164930","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Silicon Valley Cybersecurity Conference (SVCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ecommons.luc.edu/cs_facpubs/355","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035023073","display_name":"Daisy Reyes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daisy Reyes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092365932","display_name":"Eno Dynowski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eno Dynowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092365933","display_name":"Taryn Chovan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taryn Chovan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063752994","display_name":"John Mikos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Mikos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068148122","display_name":"Eric Chan\u2010Tin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8367-5836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Chan-Tin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042456819","display_name":"Mohammed Abuhamad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3368-6024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","display_name":"Loyola University Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6x2g63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Abuhamad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola University Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola University Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043575692","display_name":"Shelia M. Kennison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9298-3152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131712","display_name":"Oklahoma State University Oklahoma City","ror":"https://ror.org/03y1zyv86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131712"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shelia Kennison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oklahoma State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oklahoma State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131712"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53822597,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7341234683990479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.724643349647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.67598956823349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.620695948600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5915123820304871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.5317983031272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4670865535736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/download","display_name":"Download","score":0.4503525495529175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4409584403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.43186262249946594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7341234683990479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.724643349647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.67598956823349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.620695948600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5915123820304871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.5317983031272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4670865535736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780154274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126717","display_name":"Download","level":2,"score":0.4503525495529175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4409584403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.43186262249946594}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/svcc56964.2023.10164930","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/svcc56964.2023.10164930","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Silicon Valley Cybersecurity Conference (SVCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ecommons.luc.edu:cs_facpubs-1351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ecommons.luc.edu/cs_facpubs/355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402030","display_name":"Loyola eCommons (Loyola University of Chicago)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","host_organization_name":"Loyola University Chicago","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ecommons.luc.edu:ures-1757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ecommons.luc.edu/ures/2022/2022/228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402030","display_name":"Loyola eCommons (Loyola University of Chicago)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","host_organization_name":"Loyola University Chicago","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Undergraduate Research and Engagement Symposium","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ecommons.luc.edu:cs_facpubs-1351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ecommons.luc.edu/cs_facpubs/355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402030","display_name":"Loyola eCommons (Loyola University of Chicago)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1925986","host_organization_name":"Loyola University Chicago","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1925986"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10310049","https://openalex.org/W613065787","https://openalex.org/W1521422460","https://openalex.org/W1858527983","https://openalex.org/W1866884617","https://openalex.org/W1875604605","https://openalex.org/W1916902331","https://openalex.org/W1989309026","https://openalex.org/W1993568446","https://openalex.org/W2012210084","https://openalex.org/W2027177092","https://openalex.org/W2077124362","https://openalex.org/W2088565190","https://openalex.org/W2108217512","https://openalex.org/W2112404582","https://openalex.org/W2120702739","https://openalex.org/W2135088779","https://openalex.org/W2135579486","https://openalex.org/W2149280729","https://openalex.org/W2170085959","https://openalex.org/W2272516773","https://openalex.org/W2290614651","https://openalex.org/W2461421356","https://openalex.org/W2485000773","https://openalex.org/W2490879758","https://openalex.org/W2592682377","https://openalex.org/W2604754095","https://openalex.org/W2765251324","https://openalex.org/W2783301790","https://openalex.org/W2903379676","https://openalex.org/W2913901113","https://openalex.org/W2946618605","https://openalex.org/W2956281981","https://openalex.org/W2963704216","https://openalex.org/W2989013751","https://openalex.org/W2999498625","https://openalex.org/W3015990833","https://openalex.org/W3100475565","https://openalex.org/W3102722348","https://openalex.org/W3103367901","https://openalex.org/W3104626682","https://openalex.org/W3106813043","https://openalex.org/W3132533829","https://openalex.org/W3155269739","https://openalex.org/W4294065829","https://openalex.org/W6600412795","https://openalex.org/W6618880948","https://openalex.org/W6640114481","https://openalex.org/W6682188453","https://openalex.org/W6693724512","https://openalex.org/W6696900020","https://openalex.org/W6785817800"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W11042816","https://openalex.org/W4244973452","https://openalex.org/W2006550822","https://openalex.org/W343144239","https://openalex.org/W2185977625","https://openalex.org/W2751160476","https://openalex.org/W4200590688","https://openalex.org/W2898045258","https://openalex.org/W2362369900","https://openalex.org/W4214806647"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"increased":[1],"privacy":[2],"concerns,":[3],"anonymity":[4],"tools":[5],"such":[6,18],"as":[7,19,38,51,160],"VPNs":[8],"and":[9,23,40,77,91,131,171,188],"Tor":[10],"have":[11,44,71,78],"become":[12],"popular.":[13],"However,":[14],"the":[15,20,68,93,99,123,127,133,153,174,202,215,224],"packet":[16,21],"metadata":[17],"size":[22],"number":[24],"of":[25,48,67,179,217],"packets":[26,101],"can":[27,57,102],"still":[28],"be":[29,58,103],"observed":[30],"by":[31],"an":[32],"adversary.":[33],"This":[34],"is":[35,116,220],"commonly":[36],"known":[37,53],"fingerprinting":[39,42,165,229],"website":[41,55,87,95,128,134,164,187,204,219,228],"attacks":[43],"received":[45],"a":[46,52,83,89,109,156,161,218,227],"lot":[47],"attention":[49],"recently":[50],"victim\u2019s":[54,63],"visits":[56,85],"accurately":[59],"predicted,":[60],"deanonymizing":[61],"that":[62,139,158,214],"web":[64,154],"usage.":[65],"Most":[66],"previous":[69,212],"work":[70,213],"been":[72],"performed":[73],"in":[74,155],"laboratory":[75],"settings":[76],"made":[79],"two":[80],"assumptions:":[81],"1)":[82],"victim":[84],"one":[86,185],"at":[88,173,183],"time,":[90],"2)":[92],"whole":[94],"visit":[96],"with":[97,118,182],"all":[98],"network":[100],"observed.":[104],"To":[105],"validate":[106],"these":[107],"assumptions,":[108],"new":[110],"private":[111],"webbrowser":[112],"extension":[113],"called":[114],"WebTracker":[115,121],"deployed":[117],"real":[119],"users.":[120],"records":[122],"websites":[124,169,180],"visited,":[125],"when":[126,132],"loading":[129,135],"starts,":[130],"finishes.":[136],"Results":[137],"show":[138],"users\u2019":[140],"browsing":[141],"patterns":[142],"are":[143],"different":[144],"than":[145,223],"what":[146],"was":[147,191],"previously":[148],"assumed.":[149],"Users":[150],"may":[151],"browse":[152],"way":[157],"acts":[159],"countermeasure":[162],"against":[163],"due":[166],"to":[167],"multiple":[168],"overlapping":[170],"downloading":[172],"same":[175],"time.":[176],"Over":[177],"15%":[178],"overlap":[181,190,196],"least":[184],"other":[186],"each":[189,195],"66":[192],"seconds.":[193],"Moreover,":[194],"happens":[197],"roughly":[198],"9":[199],"seconds":[200],"after":[201],"first":[203],"download":[205],"has":[206],"started.":[207],"Thus,":[208],"this":[209],"reinforces":[210],"some":[211],"beginning":[216],"more":[221],"important":[222],"end":[225],"for":[226],"attack.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
