{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119992957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssd49366.2020.9364134","title":"Evaluation of Feature-Embedding Methods for Word Spotting in Historical Arabic Documents","display_name":"Evaluation of Feature-Embedding Methods for Word Spotting in Historical Arabic Documents","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119992957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssd49366.2020.9364134","mag":"3119992957"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssd49366.2020.9364134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssd49366.2020.9364134","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 17th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals &amp; Devices (SSD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049108338","display_name":"Abir Fathallah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145102","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/042tfbd02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abir Fathallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samovar CNRS, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris,Evry Cedex,France,91011","ARMEDIA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samovar CNRS, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris,Evry Cedex,France,91011","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ARMEDIA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050118866","display_name":"Mohamed Ibn Khedher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2570-0843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018083178","display_name":"Institut de Recherche Technologique SystemX","ror":"https://ror.org/03crmsn52","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Ibn Khedher","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRT - SystemX,Plaiseau,France,91120"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRT - SystemX,Plaiseau,France,91120","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018083178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038934826","display_name":"Moun\u00eem A. El\u2010Yacoubi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7383-0588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145102","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/042tfbd02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounim A. El-Yacoubi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samovar CNRS, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris,Evry Cedex,France,91011","ARMEDIA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samovar CNRS, T\u00e9l\u00e9com SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris,Evry Cedex,France,91011","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ARMEDIA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050773373","display_name":"Najoua Essoukri Ben Amara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7914-0644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8636806","display_name":"University of Sousse","ror":"https://ror.org/00dmpgj58","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Najoua Essoukri Ben Amara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 de Sousse,Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sousse, LATIS- Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems,Sousse,Tunisie,4023"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Sousse,Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sousse, LATIS- Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems,Sousse,Tunisie,4023","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049108338"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1954,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52105599,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"34","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.733451247215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6961165070533752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.6436570286750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6396114230155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-embedding","display_name":"Word embedding","score":0.6328442692756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.6183888912200928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6182716488838196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.60878986120224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.6030803918838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.6029016375541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4820731282234192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.473474383354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.45582422614097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4271864593029022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4245748519897461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19393137097358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.06871414184570312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.733451247215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6961165070533752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.6436570286750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6396114230155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777462759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18395344","display_name":"Word embedding","level":3,"score":0.6328442692756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.6183888912200928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6182716488838196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.60878986120224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.6030803918838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.6029016375541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4820731282234192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.473474383354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.45582422614097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4271864593029022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4245748519897461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19393137097358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.06871414184570312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssd49366.2020.9364134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssd49366.2020.9364134","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 17th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals &amp; Devices (SSD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03094910v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03094910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SSD 2020: 17th international multi-conference on Systems, Signals and Devices, Jul 2020, Monastir (online), Tunisia. pp.34-39, &#x27E8;10.1109/SSD49366.2020.9364134&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W232876404","https://openalex.org/W1928278792","https://openalex.org/W1978962787","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2053317383","https://openalex.org/W2091526670","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2127589108","https://openalex.org/W2138113452","https://openalex.org/W2142920810","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2312955079","https://openalex.org/W2335070913","https://openalex.org/W2400491034","https://openalex.org/W2408241409","https://openalex.org/W2481930807","https://openalex.org/W2519373641","https://openalex.org/W2547446130","https://openalex.org/W2548026590","https://openalex.org/W2578535984","https://openalex.org/W2608453454","https://openalex.org/W2740745994","https://openalex.org/W2763660616","https://openalex.org/W2768231593","https://openalex.org/W2787247660","https://openalex.org/W2810648379","https://openalex.org/W2811449604","https://openalex.org/W2900564790","https://openalex.org/W2941813037","https://openalex.org/W2963026686","https://openalex.org/W2963775347","https://openalex.org/W3022980286","https://openalex.org/W3099206234","https://openalex.org/W3122775348","https://openalex.org/W4241698512","https://openalex.org/W4254298996","https://openalex.org/W4295700283","https://openalex.org/W6609126827","https://openalex.org/W6721872216","https://openalex.org/W6729100687","https://openalex.org/W6777144292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034439647","https://openalex.org/W4249589822","https://openalex.org/W2103063669","https://openalex.org/W3184921334","https://openalex.org/W4255446307","https://openalex.org/W2033009170","https://openalex.org/W2911655849","https://openalex.org/W4286432911","https://openalex.org/W2353313924","https://openalex.org/W2507611421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Retrieving":[0],"and":[1,52,56,65,106],"indexing":[2],"historical":[3,27],"Arabic":[4,28],"documents":[5],"remain":[6],"a":[7,74,82],"very":[8],"significant":[9],"challenge.":[10],"The":[11,96],"purpose":[12],"of":[13,40,89,112],"this":[14],"paper":[15],"is":[16,32,71,85,94],"to":[17,33,78,116],"compare":[18],"the":[19,38,103,107,110],"feature":[20,80],"representation":[21,91],"spaces":[22,36],"for":[23,63],"word":[24,69,98],"spotting":[25],"in":[26],"documents.":[29],"Our":[30],"goal":[31],"create":[34],"embedding":[35,97],"using":[37],"characteristics":[39],"different":[41],"machine":[42],"learning":[43],"methods:":[44],"i)":[45],"linear":[46,53,117],"such":[47],"as":[48],"principal":[49],"component":[50],"analysis":[51],"discriminant":[54],"analysis,":[55],"ii)":[57],"non-linear":[58,113],"including":[59],"convolutional":[60],"neural":[61],"networks":[62],"triplets":[64],"Siamese.":[66],"Subsequently,":[67],"each":[68],"image":[70],"represented":[72],"by":[73],"dense":[75],"vector.":[76],"Thus,":[77],"match":[79],"representations,":[81],"Euclidean":[83],"distance":[84],"used.":[86],"An":[87],"evaluation":[88],"various":[90],"space":[92],"models":[93,99],"presented.":[95],"are":[100],"evaluated":[101],"on":[102],"VML-HD":[104],"dataset,":[105],"experiments":[108],"show":[109],"effectiveness":[111],"methods":[114],"compared":[115],"ones.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
